Allelopathy in Forested Ecosystems

2008 ◽  
pp. 363-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azim U. Mallik
Keyword(s):  
Forested Ecosystems

The morphology of experimentally produced charcoal distinguishes fuel types in the Arctic tundra

The Holocene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor MB Pereboom ◽  
Richard S Vachula ◽  
Yongsong Huang ◽  
James Russell
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Global Carbon ◽  
Tundra Ecosystems

Wildfires in the Arctic tundra have become increasingly frequent in recent years and have important implications for tundra ecosystems and for the global carbon cycle. Lake sediment–based records are the primary means of understanding the climatic influences on tundra fires. Sedimentary charcoal has been used to infer climate-driven changes in tundra fire frequency but thus far cannot differentiate characteristics of the vegetation burnt during fire events. In forested ecosystems, charcoal morphologies have been used to distinguish changes in fuel type consumed by wildfires of the past; however, no such approach has been developed for tundra ecosystems. We show experimentally that charcoal morphologies can be used to differentiate graminoid (mean = 6.77; standard deviation (SD) = 0.23) and shrub (mean = 2.42; SD = 1.86) biomass burnt in tundra fire records. This study is a first step needed to construct more nuanced tundra wildfire histories and to understand how wildfire will impact the region as vegetation and fire change in the future.

scholarly journals Using Landscape Change Analysis and Stakeholder Perspective to Identify Driving Forces of Human–Wildlife Interactions

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Mihai Mustățea ◽  
Ileana Pătru-Stupariu
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Change ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Habitats

Human–wildlife interactions (HWI) were frequent in the post-socialist period in the mountain range of Central European countries where forest habitats suffered transitions into built-up areas. Such is the case of the Upper Prahova Valley from Romania. In our study, we hypothesized that the increasing number of HWI after 1990 could be a potential consequence of woodland loss. The goal of our study was to analyse the effects of landscape changes on HWI. The study consists of the next steps: (i) applying 450 questionnaires to local stakeholders (both citizens and tourists) in order to collect data regarding HWI temporal occurrences and potential triggering factors; (ii) investigating the relation between the two variables through the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA); (iii) modelling the landscape spatial changes between 1990 and 2018 for identifying areas with forest loss; (iv) overlapping the distribution of both the households affected by HWI and areas with loss of forested ecosystems. The local stakeholders indicate that the problematic species are the brown bear (Ursus arctos), the wild boar (Sus scrofa), the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the grey wolf (Canis lupus). The number of animal–human interactions recorded an upward trend between 1990 and 2018, and the most significant driving factors were the regulation of hunting practices, the loss of habitats, and artificial feeding. The landscape change analysis reveals that between 1990 and 2018, the forest habitats were replaced by built-up areas primarily on the outskirts of settlements, these areas coinciding with frequent HWI. The results are valid for both forest ecosystems conservation in the region, wildlife management, and human infrastructures durable spatial planning.

scholarly journals A National Assessment of Wetland Status and Trends for Canada’s Forested Ecosystems Using 33 Years of Earth Observation Satellite Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wulder ◽  
Zhan Li ◽  
Elizabeth Campbell ◽  
Joanne White ◽  
Geordie Hobart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
National Assessment ◽  
Wetland Dynamics ◽  
Earth Observations ◽  
Land Condition ◽  
Earth Observation Satellite ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Land Cover Maps

Wetlands are important globally for supplying clean water and unique habitat, and for storing vast amounts of carbon and nutrients. The geographic extent and state of wetlands vary over time and represent a dynamic land condition rather than a permanent land cover state. Herein, we combined a time series of land cover maps derived from Landsat data at 30-m resolution to inform on spatial and temporal changes to non-treed and treed wetland extents over Canada’s forested ecosystems (>650 million ha) from 1984 to 2016. Overall, for the period, 1984 to 2016, we found the extent of wetlands (non-treed and treed combined) in Canada’s forested ecosystems to be stable, with some regional variability, often resulting from offsetting decreases and increases within a given ecozone. Notwithstanding difficulties in using optical satellite data for mapping a land condition, by accumulating wetland evidence via earth observations consistently through multiple decades, our results capture the trends in wetland cover over a previously unmapped, national extent at a level of spatial detail and temporal reach suitable for further focused interpretations of wetlands and drivers and projections of wetland dynamics.

Metal Distribution in Forested Ecosystems in Urban and Rural Northwestern Indiana

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Parker ◽  
W. W. Mc Fee ◽  
J. M. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Metal Distribution ◽  
Forested Ecosystems

The Northern Hardwood Ecosystem at Hubbard Brook in Relation to Other Forested Ecosystems in the World

1977 ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Gene E. Likens ◽  
F. Herbert Bormann ◽  
Robert S. Pierce ◽  
John S. Eaton ◽  
Noye M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Hubbard Brook ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
The World ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Northern Hardwood Ecosystem

Host–parasite distributions under changing climate: Tsuga heterophylla and Arceuthobium tsugense in Alaska

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara M. Barrett ◽  
Greg Latta ◽  
Paul E. Hennon ◽  
Bianca N.I. Eskelson ◽  
Hailemariam Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Models ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Dwarf Mistletoe ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Modeling Approaches ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Host Parasite

Dwarf mistletoes ( Arceuthobium species) influence many processes within forested ecosystems, but few studies have examined their distribution in relation to climate. An analysis of 1549 forested plots within a 14.5 million ha region of southeast Alaska provided strong indications that climate currently limits hemlock dwarf mistletoe ( Arceuthobium tsugense (Rosendahl) G.N. Jones) to a subset of the range of its primary tree host, western hemlock ( Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), with infection varying from a high of 20% of trees at sea level to only 5% by 200 m elevation. Three types of modeling approaches (logistic, most similar neighbors, and random forests) were tested for the ability to simultaneously predict abundance and distribution of host and pathogen as a function of climate variables. Current distribution was explained well by logistic models using growing degree-days, indirect and direct solar radiation, rainfall, snowfall, slope, and minimum temperatures, although accuracy for predicting A. tsugense presence at a particular location was only 38%. For future climate scenarios (A1B, A2, and B1), projected increases for A. tsugense habitat over a century ranged from a low of 374% to a high of 757%, with differences between modeling approaches contributing more to uncertainty than differences between climate scenarios.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document