Introduction of the Detection Methods of Genetic Modifications Content in Food, Feed and Cosmetic Products

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya.B. Blume ◽  
◽  
M.O. Bannikova ◽  
P.A. Karpov ◽  
I.K. Komarnitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Methods ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Genetic Modifications

scholarly journals Effect of Spaceflight on Tomato Seed Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Plants

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Elena Dzhos ◽  
Nadezhda Golubkina ◽  
Marina Antoshkina ◽  
Irina Kondratyeva ◽  
Andrew Koshevarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Intensive space exploration includes profound investigations on the effect of weightlessness and cosmic radiation on plant growth and development. Tomato seeds are often used in such experiments though up to date the results have given rather vague information about biochemical changes in mature plants grown from seeds subjected to spaceflight. The effect of half a year of storage in the International Space Station (ISS) on tomato seeds (cultivar Podmoskovny ranny) was studied by analyzing the biochemical characteristics and mineral content of mature plants grown from these seeds both in greenhouse and field conditions. A significant increase was recorded in ascorbic acid, polyphenol and carotenoid contents, and total antioxidant activity (AOA), with higher changes in the field conditions compared to greenhouse. Contrary to control plants, the ones derived from space-stored seeds demonstrated a significant decrease in root AOA. The latter plants also showed a higher yield, but lower content of fruit dry matter, sugars, total dissolved solids and organic acids. The fruits of plants derived from space-stored seeds demonstrated decreased levels of Fe, Cu and taste index. The described results reflect the existence of oxidative stress in mature tomato plants as a long-term consequence of the effect of spaceflight on seed quality, whereas the higher yield may be attributed to genetic modifications.

scholarly journals Continuous presence of proto-cereals in Anatolia since 2.3 Ma, and their possible co-evolution with large herbivores and hominins

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Andrieu-Ponel ◽  
Pierre Rochette ◽  
François Demory ◽  
Hülya Alçiçek ◽  
Nicolas Boulbes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Herbivore ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Coprophilous Fungi ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Bioclimatic Zone ◽  
Central Resource ◽  
Sedimentary Core ◽  
Continuous Presence ◽  
Lake Acıgöl

AbstractCereals are a central resource for the human diet and are traditionally assumed to have evolved from wild grasses at the onset of the Neolithic under the pressure of agriculture. Here we demonstrate that cereals may have a significantly longer and more diverse lineage, based on the study of a 0–2.3 Ma, 601 m long sedimentary core from Lake Acıgöl (South-West Anatolia). Pollen characteristic of cereals is abundant throughout the sedimentary sequence. The presence of large lakes within this arid bioclimatic zone led to the concentration of large herbivore herds, as indicated by the continuous occurrence of coprophilous fungi spores in the record. Our hypothesis is that the effects of overgrazing on soils and herbaceous stratum, during this long period, led to genetic modifications of the Poaceae taxa and to the appearance of proto-cereals. The simultaneous presence of hominins is attested as early as about 1.4 Ma in the lake vicinity, and 1.8 Ma in Georgia and Levant. These ancient hominins probably benefited from the availability of these proto-cereals, rich in nutrients, as well as various other edible plants, opening the way, in this region of the Middle East, to a process of domestication, which reached its full development during the Neolithic.

Contribution of Sex and Cellular Context in the Regulation of Brain Corticosteroid Receptors following Restraint Stress

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despoina Karandrea ◽  
Christos Kittas ◽  
Efthimia Kitraki
Keyword(s):  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Corticosteroid Receptors ◽  
Cellular Context

Polycomb genes role in cancer pathophysiology is offering targets for therapeutics including gene therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
The Core ◽  
Chromatin Regulators ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Study Context

Several phenotypes can come from transcription regulation. Sequence-specific transcription factors are needed to effectively execute transcriptional programs, however they are often not operating alone. Polycomb PcG proteins are a well-known class of chromatin regulators found in Drosophila melanogaster and other species, including humans. As time passed, the concept of a PCG gene or protein shifted from the original phenotypic meaning of mutant flies to the contemporary biochemical description. PCG genes and proteins are under investigation for their critical contributions to physiology and their cancer treatment potential. Adding additional PcG members, with substantial responsibilities in PRC modulation, has opened new routes of inquiry in the issue. It is still needed to discover the many PRC variations' roles and how their catalytic activity is controlled. This review covers mutually exclusive PRC2 variants and employs a technique like the one used for PRC1 variants. Based on current biochemical findings, these classifications are valid. More auxiliary PcG subunit research is needed for now. Moreover, it is unknown how many PRC cell variations occur (hypothetically, there could be more than 100 different PRC variants).In order to fully elucidate the new PcG proteins and complexes, it is necessary to perform comprehensive research. We must study context-specific genetic modifications to better provide remedies. Current anti-cancer drugs target mainly the core subunits and catalytic activity of PRC2 and PRC1, and understanding these functions is critical. Targeting each particular activity that has been deregulated might be rather beneficial. PCG proteins are involved in oncogenesis, tumor suppression, and development/congenital illness as well. PcG involvement in cancer, once revealed, would be intriguing. Successful and effective therapeutic therapies will be helped by a detailed understanding of the pathways that contain PcG proteins.

scholarly journals Prebiotics: A Novel Approach to Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naz Fatima ◽  
Tasleem Akhtar ◽  
Nadeem Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Gut Permeability ◽  
Gut Flora ◽  
Effective Barrier ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oncogenic Pathways ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Genetic Modifications

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the fatal malignancies and is considered as the third leading cause of death. Mutations, genetic modifications, dietary aflatoxins, or impairments in the regulation of oncogenic pathways may bring about liver cancer. An effective barrier against hepatotoxins is offered by gut-liver axis as a change in gut permeability and expanded translocation of lipopolysaccharides triggers the activation of Toll-like receptors which stimulate the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. Prebiotics, nondigestible oligosaccharides, have a pivotal role to play when it comes to inducing an antitumor effect. A healthy gut flora balance is imperative to downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and reducing lipopolysaccharides induced endotoxemia, thus inducing the antitumor effect.

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