Evaluation of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques

2015 ◽  
pp. 409-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiyuki Otsuka ◽  
Masataka Nakano ◽  
Frank D. Kolodgie ◽  
Renu Virmani
Keyword(s):  
Atherosclerotic Plaques

A Cytochemical Study of Glucose-6-Phosphatase (G-6-PASE) in Cells Participating in Atherogenesis of Rabbit Aorta

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
Sidney D. Kobernick ◽  
Edna A. Elfont ◽  
Neddra L. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Cellular Alteration ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

This cytochemical study was designed to investigate early metabolic changes in the aortic wall that might lead to or accompany development of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. The hypothesis that the primary cellular alteration leading to plaque formation might be due to changes in either carbohydrate or lipid metabolism led to histochemical studies that showed elevation of G-6-Pase in atherosclerotic plaques of rabbit aorta. This observation initiated the present investigation to determine how early in plaque formation and in which cells this change could be observed.Male New Zealand white rabbits of approximately 2000 kg consumed normal diets or diets containing 0.25 or 1.0 gm of cholesterol per day for 10, 50 and 90 days. Aortas were injected jin situ with glutaraldehyde fixative and dissected out. The plaques were identified, isolated, minced and fixed for not more than 10 minutes. Incubation and postfixation proceeded as described by Leskes and co-workers.

Ultrasonic densitometric analysis of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Rozikhodjaeva ◽  
K Yokubov ◽  
S Hikmatov ◽  
S Hudoynazarov ◽  
L Pak
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Densitometric Analysis

Assessment of risk factors for multifocal atherosclerosis in the workers of the main professions of coal enterprises in the South of Kuzbass

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
E. S. Filimonov ◽  
O. Yu. Korotenko ◽  
O. A. Rumpel ◽  
O. N. Blazhina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
The South ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Coal Enterprises

Introduction. The problem of high mortality from cardiovascular diseases is caused, among other things, by asymptomatic atherosclerosis, which proceeds latently for a long time and manifests itself as a serious vascular catastrophe, which is of particular importance for people working at production facilities with difficult and dangerous working conditions.The aim of the study was to assess the risk factors for atherosclerosis and the state of the vascular wall in the workers of the main professions of coal enterprises in the South of Kuzbass.Material and methods. In total, the study included 384 people (men), of whom 266 were the workers in coal mines in the South of Kuzbass and 118 people who were not employed in the coal industry, aged 40 to 55 years. The diagnosis of atherosclerosis was carried out on the ultrasound system “Vivid E9” of the manufacturing company GE using a linear sensor for measuring the thickness of the intima-media complex and visualization of atherosclerotic plaques. To identify significant risk factors, anthropometric, anamnestic data, indices of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and the presence of arterial hypertension were studied.Results. Significant differences in the frequency of asymptomatic atherosclerosis in the form of an increase in intima-media thickness by more than 1 mm and / or the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in both groups were not found: 60.2% among the miners and 62.3% among non-coal mining workers (p=0.703); at the same time, the percentage of detection of atherosclerotic plaques in arteries was significantly lower among coal workers — 46.9% versus 60.5% among people in the comparison group (p=0.016). The common risk factors for all examined subjects were arterial hypertension and increased level of glycated hemoglobin; in turn, in coal miners additional risk factors were increased values of low density lipoproteins and waist-hip index, as well as burdened heredity for cardiovascular diseases, and among the individuals not employed in the coal industry it was smoking.Conclusions. The most significant risk factors for atherosclerosis in coal industry workers were arterial hypertension, raised values of glycated hemoglobin, low density lipoproteins and waist-hip index, as well as burdened heredity for cardiovascular diseases. Significant differences in the frequency of asymptomatic atherosclerosis in the form of an increase in the thickness of the intima-media complex of the main arteries and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in both groups were not established, but the percentage of the detection of atherosclerotic plaques was lower among coal miners.The authors declare no conflict of interests.

STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DOPPLER ULTRASOUND OF LOWER EXTREMITY ARTERIES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Arterial Lesions ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Objectives: Vascular Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive technique to rapidly detect lesions of the vessels in the lower extremities with high accuracy. The use of this technique for detecting early vascular damages in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 could help preventing major vascular complications caused by this disease. Materials and Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 31 patients with type 2 DM who were treated in Endocrinology - Neurology - Respiratory Department, Hue Central Hospital between March and August 2011. All patients were undergone clinical and biochemical examinations, and Doppler ultrasound for detection of arterial lesions in their lower extremities. Results: Most patients had high intima media thickness (IMT) (77.42%), and all of them suffered from hypertension concomitant, with the rate of atherosclerotic plaque accounted for 35.48%. No one experienced arterial stenosis >50% and arterial occlusions, but the peak systolic velocities were significantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic plaques than those without atherosclerotic plaques. Conclusion: Vascular Doppler ultrasound should be used as routine test for early detection of arterial lesions in patients with type 2 DM.

Expression of CD40 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in carotid atherosclerotic plaques and its significance

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065-1068
Author(s):  
Jing-hua WANG ◽  
Su-ju DING ◽  
Ben-qiang DENG ◽  
Tao WU ◽  
Huan CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Structure of Atherosclerotic Plaques in Different Vascular Territories: Clinical Relevance

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Poredos ◽  
Peter Poredos ◽  
Mateja Kaja Jezovnik
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques

Deficiency of endothelial CD40 induces a stable plaque phenotype and limits inflammatory cell recruitment to atherosclerotic lesions in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Colin Gissler ◽  
Philipp Scherrer ◽  
Nathaly Anto Michel ◽  
Jan Pennig ◽  
Natalie Hoppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Stable Plaque ◽  
Plaque Phenotype

Objectives: The co-stimulatory CD40L-CD40 dyad exerts a critical role in atherosclerosis by modulating leukocyte accumulation into developing atherosclerotic plaques. The requirement for cell-type specific expression of both molecules, however, remains elusive. Here, we evaluate the contribution of CD40 expressed on endothelial cells (ECs) in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Approach & Results: Atherosclerotic plaques of Apolipoprotein E deficient (Apoe-/-) mice and humans displayed increased expression of CD40 on ECs compared to controls. To interrogate the role of CD40 on ECs in atherosclerosis, we induced EC-specific (BmxCreERT2-driven) deficiency of CD40 in Apoe-/- mice. After feeding a chow diet for 25 weeks, EC-specific deletion of CD40 (iEC-CD40) ameliorated plaque lipid deposition and lesional macrophage accumulation but increased intimal smooth muscle cell and collagen content, while atherosclerotic lesion size did not change. Leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall was impaired in iEC-CD40-deficient mice as demonstrated by intravital microscopy. In accord, expression of vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in the vascular endothelium declined after deletion of CD40. In vitro, antibody-mediated inhibition of human endothelial CD40 significantly abated monocyte adhesion on ECs. Conclusions: Endothelial deficiency of CD40 in mice promotes structural features associated with a stable plaque phenotype in humans and decreases leukocyte adhesion. These results suggest that endothelial-expressed CD40 contributes to inflammatory cell migration and consecutive plaque formation in atherogenesis.

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