STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DOPPLER ULTRASOUND OF LOWER EXTREMITY ARTERIES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Arterial Lesions ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Objectives: Vascular Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive technique to rapidly detect lesions of the vessels in the lower extremities with high accuracy. The use of this technique for detecting early vascular damages in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 could help preventing major vascular complications caused by this disease. Materials and Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 31 patients with type 2 DM who were treated in Endocrinology - Neurology - Respiratory Department, Hue Central Hospital between March and August 2011. All patients were undergone clinical and biochemical examinations, and Doppler ultrasound for detection of arterial lesions in their lower extremities. Results: Most patients had high intima media thickness (IMT) (77.42%), and all of them suffered from hypertension concomitant, with the rate of atherosclerotic plaque accounted for 35.48%. No one experienced arterial stenosis >50% and arterial occlusions, but the peak systolic velocities were significantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic plaques than those without atherosclerotic plaques. Conclusion: Vascular Doppler ultrasound should be used as routine test for early detection of arterial lesions in patients with type 2 DM.

Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Fathi ◽  
Shiva Borzouei ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a progressive metabolic disorder. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between antioxidant and oxidative stress markers in the saliva of patients with type 2 DM and a healthy control group. Methods: In this study, 20 patients with diabetes and 20 healthy individuals were evaluated. Salivary antioxidants markers consisted of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), uric acid (UA), peroxidase and catalase. Oxidative stress markers included total oxidant status (TOS), malondealdehyde (MDA) and total thiol (SH). Sialochemical analysis was performed with spectrophotometric assay. All the statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software. Results: TAC decreased significantly in patients with diabetes. Although salivary UA and peroxidase were lower in patients with diabetes compared to the control group, the difference was not significant. Salivary catalase in patients with diabetes was significantly lower than that in the control group. MDA and TOS exhibited significantly higher levels in type 2 DM. SH levels were slightly higher in DM. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, there were some changes in the salivary levels of some antioxidants and oxidative stress markers in patients with type 2 DM and could be measured as an indicator of serum changes..

scholarly journals Thyroid hormones profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Kano, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Zainab Abubakar ◽  
Kabiru Abdulsalam ◽  
Isah A. Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Considerable Impact

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid disease are the two most common endocrine disorders in the general population. Several Studies have shown that thyroid dysfunction is common in patients with DM, and thyroid dysfunction have been found to have a considerable impact on the glycaemic control and often increases the risk of development of long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study determined the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 DM in Kano, North-Western Nigeria. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 250 participants made up of 130 patients with type 2 DM and 120 apparently healthy non-diabetic controls. Questionnaires were used to collect information on bio data, medical history, duration of diagnosis of diabetes and type of treatment. Also, blood samples of the participants were collected and analyzed for fasting plasma glucose, fT3, fT4, and TSH. The results were interpreted using American Thyroid Associations’ criteria and the data was analyzed using the statistical software package, STATA version 20. Two hundred and thirty-four (93.6%) of the participants were euthyroid while sixteen (6.4%) were found to have various forms of thyroid dysfunction. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 10% and 2.5% among type 2 diabetics and controls respectively. Among the type 2 DM patients with thyroid dysfunction, 38.5% had hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction was found to be commoner among type 2 DM patients than non-diabetic individuals with hypothyroidism being the commonest disorder.

scholarly journals Quality improvement project for improving inpatient glycaemic control in non-critically ill patients admitted on medical floor with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e000982
Author(s):  
Adeel Ahmad Khan ◽  
Aamir Shahzad ◽  
Samman Rose ◽  
Dabia Hamad S H Al Mohanadi ◽  
Muhammad Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

A significant number of patients admitted to the medical floor have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Lack of a standardised inpatient hyperglycaemia management protocol leads to improper glycaemic control adding to morbidity in such patients. American Diabetes Association, in its 2019 guidelines, recommends initiation of a regimen consisting of basal insulin (long-acting insulin) or basal plus correctional insulin for non-critically ill hospitalised patients with poor or no oral intake. A combination of basal insulin, bolus (short-acting premeal or prandial) insulin and correctional scale insulin is recommended for inpatient hyperglycaemia management in non-critical patients with type 2 DM who have proper oral intake. Baseline data of 100 patients with diabetes admitted to Hamad General Hospital Doha, Qatar, showed that although insulin was used in the majority of patients, there was lack of uniformity in the initiation of insulin regimen. Adequate glycaemic control (7.8–10 mmol/L) was achieved in 45% of patients. Using Plan–Do–Study–Act (PDSA) model of improvement, a quality improvement project was initiated with the introduction of a standardised inpatient hyperglycaemia management protocol aiming to achieve 50% compliance to protocol and improvement in inpatient glycaemic control from baseline of 45% to 70%. Interventions for change included development of a standardised inpatient hyperglycaemia management protocol and its provision to medical trainees, teaching sessions for trainees and nurses, active involvement of medical consultants for supervision of trainees to address the fear of hypoglycaemia, regular reminders/feedbacks to trainees and nurses about glycaemic control of their patients and education about goals of diabetes management during hospitalisation for patients with diabetes. Overall, glycaemic control improved significantly with target glycaemic control of 70% achieved in 4 of the 10 PDSA cycles without an increase in the number of hypoglycaemic episodes. We conclude that development of a standardised inpatient insulin prescribing protocol, educational sessions for medical trainees and nurses about goals of diabetes management during hospitalisation, regular reminders to healthcare professionals and patient education are some of the measures that can improve glycaemic control of patients with type 2 DM during inpatient stay.

scholarly journals May the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus be prevented: Results of the Stop-NDDM sudy

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
I. Ye. Chazova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Myocardial Revascularization ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Active Therapy ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Revascularization Procedures

There are about 150 million patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world and their number will double by 2025. The occurrence of a complete clinical picture of type DM follows a period of glucose intolerance (GI). Enhancing insulin sensitivity and thus affecting GI may prevent the development of type 2 DM and reduce a risk of cardiovascular events. Acarbose (glucobay) is one of the drugs that affect insulin resistance. In the Stop-NDDM study enrolled patients with NI and obesity treated with acarbose for 3 years, the relative risk of type 2 DM decreased by 25% as compared with that in the placebo group. Active therapy caused a reduction in the relative risk of myocardial infarction by 91%, myocardial revascularization procedures by 39%, cerebrovascular disorders and stroke by 44%, and cardiovascular death by 45%.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Body Mass Index and Diabetic Foot Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Royal Prima Hospital on Period 2018 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Emori Christina Simarmata ◽  
Tasya Armadinah ◽  
Yeni Puspawani ◽  
Juliana Lina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Relationship Of

Body mass index (BMI) is a simple method that is commonly used to determine whether a person is obese or not.  Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of the metabolic system because the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin or the body's cells cannot use insulin effectively. Diabetic foot is one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic foot begins with hyperglycemia which causes abnormalities in neuropathy and blood vessels, causing infection. To determine the proportion of body mass index in patients with diabetes mellitus, to determine the prevalence of diabetic feet and non-foots. The research design used in this study is observational analytic. There is a relationship between body mass index and the risk of diabetic foot in type 2 DM patients at Royal Prima Hospital. Prevalence of body mass index 23. 0 in DM Type 2 at Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2018-2020 reached 70%. The prevalence of diabetic foot in Type 2 DM at the Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2018-2020 reached 54%.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 09-14
Author(s):  
Abhishek Nigam ◽  
◽  
Prakash Joshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Tuberculosis is the third most important communicable disease in Egypt follows the schistosomiasis. The association between TB and DM has been known for thousands of years, Although the incidence of TB is declining slowly, the burden of diabetes is increasing very rapidly, many studies have been performed to answer about the effect of type 2 DM in clinical, radiological and the outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis, however there is still a huge gap of knowledge about the synergetic effect of the two diseases. The objective was to study the clinical and radiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients having diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The study was conducted at the department of general medicine, in a SAIMS Hospital. The study included pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients with diabetes mellitus and the patients who were smear positive for pulmonary tuberculosis (control group) who met the criteria to participate in the study after a thorough examination. Informed written consent was obtained from all patients before enrolment.

scholarly journals Adherencia terapéutica y control metabólico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / adherence and metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a hospital of medellin (colombia), 2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Lina María Martínez Sánchez ◽  
Gloria Inés Martínez Domínguez ◽  
María de los angeles Rodríguez Gázquez ◽  
Camilo andrés Agudelo Vélez ◽  
Juan Guillermo Jiménez Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Adherence ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
The Relationship

Objetivo:Explorar la relación entre la adherencia terapéutica y el control metabólicoen pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM-2), que consultaron a una instituciónhospitalaria en Medellín-Colombia.Materiales y métodos:Estudio transversal. Lamuestra estuvo constituida por personas con 18 y más años, con diagnóstico de DM-2•PHVHVTXHILUPDURQHOFRQVHQWLPLHQWRLQIRUPDGR(OPXHVWUHRIXHQRSUREDELOtVWLFRmuestra por conveniencia. Se aplicaron las escalas Summary of Diabetes Self-CareActivities para valorar adherencia terapéutica y Duke-Unc para evaluar apoyo social.La hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) fue procesada por el método inmunoturbidimé-trico de inhibición en el Equipo Cobas C-501. Se asumió como “control metabólicoadecuado” un valor de HbA1c < al 7%. Se utilizó el programa SPSS versión 19.0 parael análisis.Resultados:De los 70 pacientes estudiados: el 66% son mujeres, el 76%tiene Hipertensión arterial, el 70% tiene dislipidemias y el 16% fuma. Además, el 59%HVLQVXOLQRGHSHQGLHQWHHOWLHQH+E$F•HOQRWLHQHDSRRVRFLDO/RVfactores con mayor proporción de adherencia fueron: medicación (79%), cuidado depies (71%). Mientras que los más bajos fueron: autocontrol glicémico (32%) y ejercicio(28%). La HbA1c se correlacionó significativamente (p<0.05) con adherencia a dieta,autocontrol de glicemia, cuidado de pies, apoyo social y género.Conclusiones:Laadherencia terapéutica estuvo asociada al control metabólico en pacientes con DM-2. Objective: Explore the relationship between the therapeutic adherence and metaboliccontrol in patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM-2), which consulted to a hospitalinstitution in Medellin-Colombia. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study. The

scholarly journals SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists for nephroprotection and cardioprotection in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. A consensus statement by the EURECA-m and the DIABESITY working groups of the ERA-EDTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantelis Sarafidis ◽  
Charles J Ferro ◽  
Enrique Morales ◽  
Alberto Ortiz ◽  
Jolanta Malyszko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major problem of public health. Currently, many of these patients experience progression of cardiovascular and renal disease, even when receiving optimal treatment. In previous years, several new drug classes for the treatment of type 2 DM have emerged, including inhibitors of renal sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. Apart from reducing glycaemia, these classes were reported to have other beneficial effects for the cardiovascular and renal systems, such as weight loss and blood pressure reduction. Most importantly, in contrast to all previous studies with anti-diabetic agents, a series of recent randomized, placebo-controlled outcome trials showed that SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists are able to reduce cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality, as well as progression of renal disease, in patients with type 2 DM. This document presents in detail the available evidence on the cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogues, analyses the potential mechanisms involved in these actions and discusses their place in the treatment of patients with CKD and DM.

scholarly journals Silent myocardial ischemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a clinical case

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
O.O. Prokhorova ◽  
M.S. Brynza
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Silent Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
The Right

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important medical, social, and economic problem due to the high prevalence of the disease, which often leads to disability and significantly increases mortality in elderly people. One of the causes of coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with type 2 DM is autonomic cardiovascular neuropathy, which is characterized by damage to the autonomic nervous system and manifests itself in a varying clinical picture, including silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). The prevalence of SMI among patients with type 2 DM is much higher than in people without it. The purpose was to study the cli­nical case of a patient with type 2 DM and CHD, raise awareness of the prevalence and influence of type 2 DM on CHD progression by focusing on diagnostic research and treatment strategies. Materials and methods. The clinical case of the detected silent ischemia in a patient with type 2 DM was analyzed. The complaints were as following: high blood pressure, moderate shortness of breath du­ring walking, pain, and numbness of the lower extremities. Ana­mnesis: type 2 DM over 20 years; endovascular stenting of the right common iliac artery due to obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities; hypertension over 10 years; obesity. Based on this data, CHD was suspected. Results. The Holter monitoring revealed rare episodes of reversible ischemic repolarization. ECG demonstrated the deviation of the electrical axis to the left, hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium, diffuse violation of repolarization processes. Ultrasound of the heart found aortic atherosclerosis, left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, a moderate decrease in myocardial contractility. Ultrasound of vessels of the lower extremities showed the signs of oblitera­ting atherosclerosis with decompensation of peripheral blood flow. Coronary angiography demonstrated left coronary artery with critical subocclusions (90 %), right coronary artery with chronic occlusion in the middle segment (100 %). There was established the diagnosis: coronary heart disease (silent ischemia); diffuse stenotic atherosclerosis of the coronary artery (coronary angiography May 2019); arterial hypertension II stage, degree 2; HF II stage; II NYHA; type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, decompensated; obesity I stage; obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities (condition after endovascular stenting of the right common iliac artery on January 2018); chronic pancreatitis in remission, peptic ulcer of the duodenum (operated in 1981); chronic cholecystitis in remission. The treatment was prescribed: insulin therapy, nebivolol, eplerenone, candesartan, clopidogrel, rosuvastatin. Coronary artery bypass grafting is recommended. Conclusions. Thereby, timely diagnosis and adequate treatment can avoid complications of type 2 DM and improve quality and lifetime. With type 2 DM, CHD is often masked and remains undiagnosed, leading to complications and death, therefore more attention to such patients is needed.

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