Technology and Control of the Labor Process

1987 ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Betcherman ◽  
Douglas Rebne
Keyword(s):  
Labor Process ◽  
And Control

David Montgomery in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
Michael M. Hall ◽  
Cláudio Batalha
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
State University ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
And Control ◽  
Academic Debate

David Montgomery's semester as a Fulbright lecturer at the State University of Campinas, Brazil, in 1986 proved quite memorable. Bela Bianca, a member of the anthropology department who had known David and Marty when she was on a postdoctoral grant at Yale, made the initial contacts. A few specialists here had read Workers' Control in America at the time, but his work was not yet widely known in Brazil. However, questions about the labor process and control over production had become subjects of lively academic debate, largely on the basis of works by social scientists. The labor historians then being read were primarily French and British.

Control of the Work Process: The Workers' Viewpoint

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-220
Author(s):  
T. R. Durham ◽  
Judy Morgan ◽  
Barbara Larcom ◽  
Christopher K. Chase-Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Workplace Democracy ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Worker Autonomy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Depth Interviews

Recent studies of job satisfaction, working conditions, and changes in the content of work indicate that problems of low productivity and dissatisfaction may be related to changes in the organization of work which have reduced the amount of autonomy and control which workers have over the labor process. At the same time, elements in the labor movement, which has traditionally focused almost exclusively on obtaining higher wages and greater benefits for union members, now seem to be directing their attention to issues of workplace democracy and worker control over the production process and company policies. The research reported here investigates the determinants of worker autonomy and of workers' desire for increased worker control over the workplace. This article describes what are viewed as the main hypotheses suggested by earlier research and reports the findings and new hypotheses derived from a preliminary analysis of data from the ISR National 1977 Quality of Employment Survey and pilot in-depth interviews with sixteen Baltimore workers.

Class Position, Work Experience, and Health

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Schwalbe ◽  
Clifford L. Staples
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Capitalist Production ◽  
Marxist Analysis ◽  
And Control

This paper develops a Marxist analysis of the relationships between class position, work experience, the psychological effects of this experience, and subsequent health outcomes. Specifically, it is argued that the structural imperatives of capitalist production make work for those in working-class positions subject to greater routinization and less control than work for those in other class positions. Routinization and control are argued, in turn, to predictably affect two key psychological variables, self-esteem and stress, which are further argued to affect health in predictable ways. Position in the capitalist labor process is thus linked to health via the psychological consequences of the immediate work experience it engenders. Survey data from workers, managers, supervisors, and semi-autonomous employees in five capitalist firms are used to test the descriptive adequacy of this model linking capitalism to ill health for those in working-class positions.

IMPROVING THE CRITERIA AND METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE STRAIN ON WORKERS IN MODERN TYPES OF WORK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Serikov ◽  
◽  
O.I. Yushkova ◽  
A.V. Kapustina
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Mental Work ◽  
Neuromuscular Apparatus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Introduction. The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to develop and scientifically substantiate physiological criteria for assessing working conditions in difficult cases according to indicators of the functional state of the body (in accordance with the section "General hygienic assessment of working conditions" of Guideline R 2.2.2006-05). The aim of the work is to determine changes in the functional state of the body in workers of mental, visual-intense, physical activity on the basis of complex physiological and hygienic studies to substantiate quantitative physiological criteria for different classes of labor intensity. Materials and methods. Complex industrial physiological and hygienic studies included an assessment of the degree of labor intensity with the analysis of retrospective data, physiological studies of the central nervous system, visual analyzer, neuromuscular apparatus, cardiovascular system of mental workers (52 groups), visually stressful (32), physical labor ( 71 professional group). Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical software Statistika 10, Microsoft Excel 2010. Research results. It is shown that the depth and time of the onset of physiological changes depend on the degree of labor intensity, which makes it possible to calculate the percentage of decrease in functions, taking into account the intensity class of the labor process. The list of physiological criteria for confirming the class of working conditions is determined by the characteristics of labor activity, with mental work these are indicators of concentration of attention and the volume of working memory, with visually intense labor, the critical frequency of fusion of light flashes, with physical labor, muscle endurance and heart rate. Conclusions. Quantitative physiological criteria have been established for various types of labor activity, which provide a valid evidence-based assessment of the class of working conditions according to the characteristics of the intensity of the labor process and control of the levels of the functional state.

Control of Metal Alloy Oxidation with Electric Fields

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
R. R. Dils ◽  
P. S. Follansbee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Insulating Layer ◽  
Iron Base Alloy ◽  
Alloy Oxidation ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Layer ◽  
And Control

Electric fields have been applied across oxides growing on a high temperature alloy and control of the oxidation of the material has been demonstrated. At present, three-fold increases in the oxidation rate have been measured in accelerating fields and the oxidation process has been completely stopped in a retarding field.The experiments have been conducted with an iron-base alloy, Pe 25Cr 5A1 0.1Y, although, in principle, any alloy capable of forming an adherent aluminum oxide layer during oxidation can be used. A specimen is polished and oxidized to produce a thin, uniform insulating layer on one surface. Three platinum electrodes are sputtered on the oxide surface and the specimen is reoxidized.

Evidence for a Blood Ganglion Barrier in the Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
D. M. DePace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
And Control

The majority of blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion possess a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. These same features have been associated with the blood brain barrier of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves. These vessels may perform a barrier function between the capillary circulation and the superior cervical ganglion. The permeability of the blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was tested by intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Three experimental groups of four animals each were given intravenous HRP (Sigma Type II) in a dosage of.08 to.15 mg/gm body weight in.5 ml of.85% saline. The animals were sacrificed at five, ten or 15 minutes following administration of the tracer. Superior cervical ganglia were quickly removed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Three control animals received,5ml of saline without HRP. These were sacrificed on the same time schedule. Tissues from experimental and control animals were reacted for peroxidase activity and then processed for routine transmission electron microscopy.

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