Acquisition of Word Meaning in the Context of the Development of the Semantic System

1982 ◽  
pp. 95-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley A. Kuczaj
Keyword(s):  
Word Meaning ◽  
Semantic System

scholarly journals Consideraciones sobre la polivalencia del término asociación desde la perspectiva neurocognitiva del léxico

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Carmen Varo Varo
Keyword(s):  
Word Meaning ◽  
Semantic System ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Linguistic Sign ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Interpretation

<p>The concepts of association and associative are present in lexical studies since the dawn of modern linguistics. They have been the subject of multiple conceptual interpretations but not without problems. Both conceptions of associative relationship as a connection between the two psychological faces of the linguistic sign and as in absentia relationships coexist, especially in Linguistics dictionaries, with the interpretation (almost opposite) as connotation or, in other words, as a sense relationship which lies outside of word meaning. In contrast, current advances in the neurocognitive research of the lexicon, which have contributed to the reconstruction of the semantic system from a cerebral perspective, lead us necessarily to a new interpretation of these notions that is transferred from the word level to its formal and semantic traits.</p>

Morphological errors and the representation of morphology in the lexical—semantic system

1994 ◽  
Vol 346 (1315) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Information ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Derivational Morphology ◽  
Semantic System ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
Base Form ◽  
Semantic Errors

Neuropsychological studies support the hypothesis that morphology is represented autonomously, both at the level of word meaning and at the level of word form. In output processes, morphologically organized semantic information activates lexical representations of roots and affixes, which are composed before production. In input processes, the stimulus is parsed along the morphological dimension, to access root and affix lexical representations, which in turn activate morphologically organized semantic information. Inflectional and derivational morphology are represented independently in the lexicon. Inflected words are fully decomposed; derived words are decomposed into base form + inflection. In aphasia, morphological errors in transcoding tasks always co-occur with semantic and/or phonemic errors. Morphological errors in transcoding tasks require combined damage to morphological representations in the semantic—lexical system and to sublexical conversion procedures; they co-occur with semantic errors when also root representations are damaged. The co-occurrence of morphological and phonemic errors can be accounted for by several hypotheses, but its theoretical meaning is still uncertain.

On the Development of Word Meaning.

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Kit-fong Au
Keyword(s):  
Word Meaning

Pemakaian Pribahasa dan Kata Mutiara dalam Retorika Dakwah Para Da’i di Indonesia : Kajian Stalistika dalam Sastra Arab-Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-345
Author(s):  
Yani'ah Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
West Java ◽  
Linguistic Style ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Collective Data ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unique Style ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Educational Information

Da’wa that done by Da’i in Indonesia can not be detached from the efectivity of rethorical use. By shape the form of narration, choosing the nuances of the exact word meaning, also choosing the linguistic and interested word, will help da’i to get the interesting programmatic, so that can made and influence audiences to listen. The research method of this writing is descriptive qualitative analyziz. The data that used is a form of rethoric in the programmatic of oral da’wa of all da’i in Jakarta, West Java, and central Java. The research sources are the programmatic of oral da’wa that located in the published book and also recording. The collective data method are; reading, and repeatedly listening into the da’wa subject of da’i. Analyziz data technic are; understanding and interpretation. The result of this research is that in generally, the da’i used the literature linguistic style in delivering the subject of da’wa in shaping the proverb (amsal) and hikmah, whether came from Arabic or Indonesia. The linguistic that used by da’i, came from Al-Qur’an, Al-Hadist, wise word and from qaol Ulama dan Hukama.  The style of rethorical that used by KH.Zaenuddin MZ is to change belief, and in this term the da’i can change the attitude of audience. In a rethorical that used by Aa Gym is to inform, because many educational information that been accepted by aim to explain the things that has not known before. Meanwhile, the rethorical of UJE (Jefry alBukhory) has the unique style from other, because supported by his good voice while chanting the verse of Al-qur’an. Also, the rethorical style that used by Ahmad al Habsyi and Wijayanto that has similarity from the subject point, that used the beautiful style of locution by amtsal and hikmah---Dakwah yang dilakukan oleh para da’i di Indonesia tidak dapat terlepas dari efektifitas pemanfaatan retorika. Dengan menata bentuk-bentuk tuturan, memilih nuansa makna kata yang tepat serta memilih gaya bahasa dan kata mutiara  yang menarik akan lebih sempurna  bagi penutur untuk mendapatkan wacana yang menarik sehingga mampu mempengaruhi pendengar.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif analisis. Data yang digunakan berupa bentuk retorika dalam wacana dakwah lisan para da’i di  DKI, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa tengah. Sumber data penelitian  berupa wacana dakwah lisan yang terdapat dalam buku-buku yang telah diterbitkan dan rekaman. Teknik pengumpulan data, meliputi: membaca dan mendengarkan secara berulang-ulang materi  dakwah para da’i. Teknik analisis data, meliputi: pemahaman,dan  interpretasi. Hasil temuan, bahwa secara umum para dai menggunakan gaya bahasa sastra  dalam menyampaikan materi dakwahnya dalam bentuk peribahasa (amsal) dan kata mutiara (hikmah) baik berasal dari bahasa Arab maupun bahasa Indonesia. Gaya bahasa yang digunakan oleh para dai mayoritas bersumber dari Al Qur’an, Al-Hadist, kata-kata bijak dari qaol Ulama dan Hukama.  Bentuk retorika yang sering digunakan oleh KH. Zaenuddin MZ adalah to change belief, dan dalam hal ini penceramah mampu mengubah sikap.  Sedangkan bentuk retorika yang digunakan oleh Aa Gym adalah to inform (pendidikan) karena banyak informasi pendidikan  yang diterima dengan bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hal- hal yang belum diketahui sebelumnya.  Retorika UJE memiliki gaya khas dari yang lainnya, karena didukung  suaranya yang merdu menjadi pengikat hati ketika melantunkan cinta Allah dan Rasulnya. Demikian juga bentuk retorika yang digunakan oleh Ahmad  al Habsyi dan ustadz Wijayanto ada kesamaan dari sisi materi, yaitu menggunakan style gaya bahasanya yang indah dengan amtsal dan Hikmah

Makna Ragi Dalam Ajaran Tuhan Yesus tentang Kewaspadaan

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-91
Author(s):  
Joseph Christ Santo
Keyword(s):  
Word Meaning ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Change

Some of the teachings of the Lord Jesus are in the form of a straightforward sentence and some are figurative. The use of the word "leaven" in the few sentences that the Lord Jesus says about vigilance is in the figurative sense. That is why it is necessary to find the word meaning according to the principles of exegesis.The exegetical method used involves establishing the text of the text to be extrapolated, ie Matthew 16: 6, analysis of sentence structure and composing of translations, analysis of the context of the use of yeast at the time, excavation of theological points based on the meaning of words and wording in sentences, and the application of exegesis to the contemporary context.The conclusion of this study is, Jesus uses the term yeast because yeast is something commonly used in society, so its symbolic meaning is easily drawn according to what is understood by society. Yeast depicts the doctrine, and there is a common characteristic of yeast and the characteristics of doctrine; the decay caused by a small amount of yeast does not appear to be the process but the real change, as well as quite a bit of unhealthy teaching that is allowed to contaminate, has the potential to ruin the entire character of a person. The doctrine to watch out for is the preoccupation with the more outward than the spiritual, including arrogance, hypocrisy, and worldly worldview.Keywords : leaven, yeast, doctrine, alert, Farisi, Saduki AbstrakAjaran Tuhan Yesus ada yang berbentuk kalimat lugas dan ada yang kiasan. Penggunaan kata “ragi” dalam beberapa kalimat yang disampaikan Tuhan Yesus tentang kewaspadaan adalah dalam makna kiasan. Itu sebabnya perlu dicari makna kata tersebut sesuai prinsip-prinsip eksegesis.Metode eksegesis yang digunakan meliputi penetapan teks Alkitab yang akan dieksegesis, yaitu Matius 16:6, analisis struktur kalimat dan menyusun terjemahan, analisis konteks penggunaan ragi pada masa itu, penggalian pokok-pokok teologis berdasarkan arti kata dan susunan kata dalam kalimat, dan penerapan eksegesis kepada konteks masa kini.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah, Yesus menggunakan istilah ragi karena ragi adalah sesuatu yang umum digunakan dalam masyarakat, sehingga arti simboliknya dengan mudah ditarik berdasarkan apa yang dipahami oleh masyarakat. Ragi menggambarkan ajaran, dan ada kesamaan karakteristik ragi dan karakteristik ajaran; pembusukan yang disebabkan oleh sejumlah kecil ragi tidak nampak prosesnya namun nyata perubahannya, demikian pula cukup sedikit ajaran yang tidak sehat yang dibiarkan mengkontaminasi memiliki potensi untuk merusak seluruh karakter seseorang. Ajaran yang harus diwaspadai adalah pengutamaan terhadap hal-hal yang lahiriah lebih daripada yang rohani, termasuk di dalamnya keangkuhan, kemunafikan, dan pandangan duniawi.Kata kunci: ragi, khamir, ajaran, waspada, Farisi, Saduki.

Semantic Structural Alignment of Neural Representational Spaces Enables Translation between English and Chinese Words

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1749-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Zinszer ◽  
Andrew J. Anderson ◽  
Olivia Kang ◽  
Thalia Wheatley ◽  
Rajeev D. S. Raizada
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Structural Alignment ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Representational Content ◽  
English Word ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
High Level

Two sets of items can share the same underlying conceptual structure, while appearing unrelated at a surface level. Humans excel at recognizing and using alignments between such underlying structures in many domains of cognition, most notably in analogical reasoning. Here we show that structural alignment reveals how different people's neural representations of word meaning are preserved across different languages, such that patterns of brain activation can be used to translate words from one language to another. Groups of Chinese and English speakers underwent fMRI scanning while reading words in their respective native languages. Simply by aligning structures representing the two groups' neural semantic spaces, we successfully infer all seven Chinese–English word translations. Beyond language translation, conceptual structural alignment underlies many aspects of high-level cognition, and this work opens the door to deriving many such alignments directly from neural representational content.

Is Basque morphologically ergative?

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gontzal Aldai
Keyword(s):  
Complex Issue ◽  
Semantic System ◽  
Case Marking

Although Basque’s case-marking pattern has conventionally been regarded as ergative, I argue in this article that it is not straightforward to determine whether this pattern is actually ergative or rather semantically-based. Several factors make this one a complex issue. Perhaps the most important factor among these, and one which has gone largely unnoticed in the literature, is the fact that there are clear dialectal differences regarding the behavior of lexically-simple unergative verbs. Another complication comes from establishing the specific contrast underlying the putative semantic split among Basque intransitives. With these questions in mind, I propose that the case-marking system of Western Basque should be considered semantically aligned instead of ergative. This system is based on a contrast patientive / non-patientive. Conversely, Eastern and Central Basque may be considered to have an ergative case-marking system, but one which differs in some respects from that of the most typical ergative languages and which is not too different from a semantic system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document