Rise and Fall of Middle-Class Society? How the Restructuring of Economic and Social Life Creates Uncertainty, Vulnerability, and Social Exclusion

1998 ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Berting
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Class Society

scholarly journals Rethinking Social Realism in Gopal Prasad Rimal’s Masan

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Mahendra Kumar Budhathoki
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Social Realism ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Class Society ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Verbal Data

This paper exposes the issues of urban middle class society of Nepal during the late Rana period in Gopal Prasad Rimal’s play Masan (Cremation Ground). The use of social realism in literature like in this play provides the actual social events and issues to expose within the same society and to other society. The research approach adopted includes social realism as a theoretical approach, textual analysis as a research method and note-taking as a research tool for verbal-data collection from the text. The findings provide evidence that the author portrays the real setting (Krishna’s ordinary room) of educated middle class actual family and social values of patriarchal society (Helen wishes bearing a child to run Krishna’s family line and open the heaven’s gate), real native tongue by the characters Krishna, Helen, Bhotu, Bride, maid of the play. This study explored tensions and struggles of man Krishna and woman Helen in real society; the exploitation of Helen’s body as a sex toy by preventing her bearing a child and the practice of polygamy are considered as social realistic issues in Nepali society. Helen determines to revolt against the sexist domination by separating her way from Krishna’s. The paper concludes that the author realistically portrays the reality of social life of Nepal before 2007B.S. in the play. This paper has shown the application of social realism in a Nepali play, and it presents how social realism theory can be applied in realistic literature, and understood the particular society.

Emily Parker and Her Family

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy J. Miller ◽  
Grace E. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
European American ◽  
American Family ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Normative Practices

Chapter 8, “Emily Parker and Her Family,” is the first of four chapters that focus on individual children and their families. Forming the “Persons” part of the book, these chapters provide intimate portraits of the children and their circumstances, complementing the preceding chapters, which focused on normative practices. Emily Parker was the middle child in a middle-class European American family. She was an affectionate child who loved to please people and remained close to her older sister, despite their wrangles. Emily was sensitive to criticism from her parents but was unperturbed by her sister’s jibes. Mr. and Mrs. Parker immersed their children in a rich and varied social life in which Emily developed precocious social skills—evidence, her parents believed, of her high self-esteem. Emily learned to praise herself and to ask adults for help.

scholarly journals Time and money explain social class differences in students’ social integration at university.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Working Class Students ◽  
Exclusion Effect

Working-class students tend to be less socially integrated at university than middle-class students (Rubin, 2012a). The present research investigated two potential reasons for this working-class social exclusion effect. First, working-class students may have fewer finances available to participate in social activities. Second, working-class students tend to be older than middle-class students and, consequently, they are likely to have more work and/or childcare commitments. These additional commitments may prevent them from attending campus which, in turn, reduces their opportunity for social integration. These predictions were confirmed among undergraduate students at an Australian university (N = 433) and a USA university (N = 416). Strategies for increasing working-class students’ social integration at university are discussed.

scholarly journals Recovered but Constrained: Narratives of Ghanaian COVID-19 Survivors Experiences and Coping Pathways of Stigma, Discrimination, Social Exclusion and Their Sequels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Atinga ◽  
Nafisa Mummy Issifu Alhassan ◽  
Alice Ayawine
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Organizational Withdrawal

Background: Research about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), its epidemiology and socio-economic impact on populations worldwide has gained attention. However, there is dearth of empirical knowledge in low- and middle-income settings about the pandemic’s impact on survivors, particularly the tension of their everyday life arising from the experiences and consequences of stigma, discrimination and social exclusion, and how they cope with these behavioral adversities. Methods: Realist qualitative approach drawing data from people clinically diagnosed positive of COVID-19, admitted into therapy in a designated treatment facility, and subsequently recovered and discharged for or without follow-up domiciliary care. In-depth interviews were conducted by maintaining a code book for identifying and documenting thematic categories in a progression leading to thematic saturation with 45 participants. Data were transcribed and coded deductively for broad themes at the start before systematically nesting emerging themes into the broad ones with the aid of NVivo 12 software. Results: Everyday lived experiences of the participants were disrupted with acts of indirect stigmatization (against relatives and family members), direct stigmatization (labeling, prejudices and stereotyping), barriers to realizing full social life and discriminatory behaviors across socio-ecological structures (workplace, community, family, and social institutions). These behavioral adversities were associated with self-reported poor health, anxiety and psychological disorders, and frustrations among others. Consequently, supplicatory prayers, societal and organizational withdrawal, aggressive behaviors, supportive counseling, and self-assertive behaviors were adopted to cope and modify the adverse behaviors driven by misinformation and fearful perceptions of the COVID-19 and its contagious proportions. Conclusion: In the face of the analysis, social campaigns and dissemination of toolkits that can trigger behavior change and responsible behaviors toward COVID-19 survivors are proposed to be implemented by health stakeholders, policy and decision makers in partnership with social influencers, the media, and telecoms.

scholarly journals Funkcjonowanie dorosłych osób z niepełnosprawnością w Niemczech

Ekonomia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Olga Komorowska
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Life ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Primary Task ◽  
Adults With Disabilities

Functioning adults with disabilities in GermanyIn Germany, the issue of prevention of social exclusion of people with disabilities is treated as the primary task of public policy. This article presents German solutions for adults with disabilities thanks to they are integrated into professional and social life. Among these solutions are own budget, job’s assistant, work in the professional workshop, support in accomodation, tax breaks, subsidies for rehabilitation equipment.

scholarly journals Disabling Fields, Enabling Capital: Mothers with Disabilities and the Concerted Cultivation Habitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Frederick
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Concerted Cultivation ◽  
Accessibility Barriers ◽  
Class Habitus ◽  
Mothers Experiences

This article examines the experiences of mothers with disabilities who engage in concerted cultivation, a parenting style commonly practiced in middle-class communities. The author explores these mothers' experiences in the "fields" of their children's schools and organized extracurricular activities. Findings illuminate how ruptures in these mothers' middle - class habitus occur as they confront accessibility barriers and social exclusion while engaging in concerted cultivation. These mothers are found to simultaneously deploy class-based resources to overcome these barriers. This analysis lays bare the ways in which the concerted cultivation habitus presumes a nondisabled identity.

SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND HEALTH INEQUALITIES IN THE TIME OF COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1563-1581
Author(s):  
Predrag Bejaković ◽  
Marinko Škare ◽  
Romina Pržiklas Družeta
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
Socially Excluded

Social exclusion as a process leads to a state of multiple relative deprivations in diverse areas of social life, like employment, education, healthcare, social ties, respect. Individuals or groups may have a worse position in several areas, particularly with other individuals or groups in society. Coronavirus pandemics disproportionately affect poorer communities and socially excluded people. Socially excluded are double victims; due to their position, they are more prone to infection by a coronavirus, further increasing their exclusion. The purpose of this contribution is to provide a conceptual framework for analyzing the relationship between social exclusion and health disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal is to comprehend the causes and consequences of unequal power relationships and offer critical assessments of current policies and measures to reduce health inequalities. Health and social inequalities are a significant constraint to economic revival and a successful fight against pandemics. The extent of the economic and health crisis caused by pandemic shock largely depends on past health and social inequality.

Living Democracy

2020 ◽  
pp. 199-254
Author(s):  
Martin Conway
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Class Society ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Post War ◽  
Class Divisions ◽  
Second World

This chapter focuses on the consumption of democracy. What happened in the roughly twenty-five-year period from the end of the Second World War to the late 1960s is perhaps best regarded as a process of gradual acculturation. At different speeds and by different paths, a large majority of Western Europeans came to feel at home in democracy, and began to practise democracy for themselves. However, the new democracies were more equal in their formal structures than in their social reality. The reassertion of boundaries of race, gender, sexuality, and age, after the more fluid and often chaotic experiences of the war years, was reinforced by the evolving but persistent inequalities of social class. Western Europe emphatically remained a class society after 1945. The rapid economic growth that occurred during the post-war years generated new forms of affluence, but these were distributed in ways that reinforced pre-existing class divisions. In particular, the post-war years witnessed a resurgence in the fortunes of the middle class. Whether assessed in terms of its material prosperity, its influence within and over government, or its wider social and cultural ascendancy, the middle class was the dominant social class of the post-war era.

Never Happier in Her Life

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-192
Author(s):  
Allison Dorothy Fredette
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
White Women ◽  
Social Ethic ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Class Society ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Border Culture ◽  
Poor White

This chapter explores the lives of working-class and poor white women of the border South. Their story reveals the potential of border culture—how it gave a voice and agency to women whose stories could be more easily suppressed in a less fluid community. The border created fertile ground for ideas of mutuality and individualism. While this led many to pursue friendship, love, and partnership in their relationships, elite and middle-class husbands and wives of the border South still often adhered to a social ethic which dictated certain gendered behaviors to men and women. In working-class society, however, these philosophies gave women a greater sense of independence and authority, allowing them to push the boundaries of the household and assert themselves in new ways.

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