The Absence of Active Defense Mechanisms in Compatible Host-Pathogen Interactions

1982 ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle C. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Active Defense ◽  
Host Pathogen

scholarly journals 661 Molecular Biology of Host–Pathogen Interactions in Harvested Horticultural Crops

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 512C-512
Author(s):  
T.G. McCollum
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Postharvest Losses ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Natural Defense ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Freedom From Disease ◽  
New Strategies

Decay caused by fungal pathogens accounts for significant postharvest losses. Although the application of synthetic fungicides can reduce postharvest decay, increasing public concern over using fungicides as well as the resistance that develops to them indicate that alternative means of decay control are needed. Freedom from disease before harvest is the norm rather than the exception. Numerous defense mechanisms, both preformed and inducible, are involved in plant resistance to fungal pathogens. Understanding how natural defense mechanisms are regulated and how to maintain them in harvested products may provide the basis for new strategies to reduce postharvest losses caused by pathogens. Host–pathogen interactions have been well studied in growing plants but much less extensively in harvested organs. The interaction between host and pathogen is dynamic; changes in both organisms are required for disease development. Following harvest, the incidence of decay increases indicating that changes in the host render it more susceptible to pathogen development. Recent studies by plant physiologists and pathologists have contributed to our understanding of changes in harvested tissues that render them less resistant to decay as well as changes in the host that are induced in response to fungal infection.

scholarly journals Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Roles in the Vector–Host–Pathogen Triad

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Parwez Ahmad ◽  
Chaima Bensaoud ◽  
Imen Mekki ◽  
Mujeeb Ur Rehman ◽  
Michail Kotsyfakis
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Time Specific

Long non-coding (lnc)RNAs have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression and are involved in almost every cellular process. They can bind to other molecules including DNA, proteins, or even other RNA types such messenger RNA or small RNAs. LncRNAs are typically expressed at much lower levels than mRNA, and their expression is often restricted to tissue- or time-specific developmental stages. They are also involved in several inter-species interactions, including vector–host–pathogen interactions, where they can be either vector/host-derived or encoded by pathogens. In these interactions, they function via multiple mechanisms including regulating pathogen growth and replication or via cell-autonomous antimicrobial defense mechanisms. Recent advances suggest that characterizing lncRNAs and their targets in different species may hold the key to understanding the role of this class of non-coding RNA in interspecies crosstalk. In this review, we present a general overview of recent studies related to lncRNA-related regulation of gene expression as well as their possible involvement in regulating vector–host–pathogen interactions.

Spatiotemporal Structure of Host-Pathogen Interactions in a Metapopulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Soubeyrand ◽  
Laine ◽  
Hanski ◽  
Penttinen
Keyword(s):  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Spatiotemporal Structure ◽  
Host Pathogen

scholarly journals Porcine small intestinal organoids as a model to explore ETEC–host interactions in the gut

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarne Vermeire ◽  
Liara M. Gonzalez ◽  
Robert J. J. Jansens ◽  
Eric Cox ◽  
Bert Devriendt
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Intestinal Organoids ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Small Intestinal

AbstractSmall intestinal organoids, or enteroids, represent a valuable model to study host–pathogen interactions at the intestinal epithelial surface. Much research has been done on murine and human enteroids, however only a handful studies evaluated the development of enteroids in other species. Porcine enteroid cultures have been described, but little is known about their functional responses to specific pathogens or their associated virulence factors. Here, we report that porcine enteroids respond in a similar manner as in vivo gut tissues to enterotoxins derived from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, an enteric pathogen causing postweaning diarrhoea in piglets. Upon enterotoxin stimulation, these enteroids not only display a dysregulated electrolyte and water balance as shown by their swelling, but also secrete inflammation markers. Porcine enteroids grown as a 2D-monolayer supported the adhesion of an F4+ ETEC strain. Hence, these enteroids closely mimic in vivo intestinal epithelial responses to gut pathogens and are a promising model to study host–pathogen interactions in the pig gut. Insights obtained with this model might accelerate the design of veterinary therapeutics aimed at improving gut health.

scholarly journals Movement can mediate temporal mismatches between resource availability and biological events in host–pathogen interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kürschner ◽  
Cédric Scherer ◽  
Viktoriia Radchuk ◽  
Niels Blaum ◽  
Stephanie Kramer‐Schadt
Keyword(s):  
Resource Availability ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Host Pathogen

Convergent evolution and mimicry of protein linear motifs in host–pathogen interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Beatriz Chemes ◽  
Gonzalo de Prat-Gay ◽  
Ignacio Enrique Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Linear Motifs

scholarly journals Host-Pathogen Interactions

1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence I. Weinstein ◽  
Peter Albersheim
Keyword(s):  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Host Pathogen
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