Social Support and Preventive and Therapeutic Interventions

1996 ◽  
pp. 435-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Lakey ◽  
Catherine J. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions

scholarly journals The Influence of Religion, Spirituality, and Purpose in Life for Resilience among Trans and Gender Diverse Individuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Jessamyn Bowling ◽  
Anne Mbugua ◽  
Sarah Piperato
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Identity Negotiation ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Abstract Religion, spirituality, and purpose in life have benefits for mental and physical health, yet religious environments can be stigmatizing for trans and gender diverse (TGD) individuals. This study aimed to examine the influences of religion, spirituality and purpose in life for resilience among TGD individuals. This study included photo-elicited interviews (35 longitudinal interviews, 21 individuals) and surveys (n=108). Religious affiliation was significantly associated with increased levels of social support but was not significantly associated with other variables. Strategies found in themes from the qualitative analysis foster resilience strategies, including spirituality to overcome challenges, purpose in life, and social support. Yet strategies in the themes also utilize resilience strategies, including discrimination, strategies in response to discrimination, social support, and identity negotiation. As participants did make sense of religion and spirituality in how they conceived of their resilience, findings may inform therapeutic interventions and pastoral approaches.

scholarly journals Predictors of suicidal ideation among Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sadat Asgarian ◽  
Ali Keyhani ◽  
Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Sahraian ◽  
Farnaz Etesam
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Anticipated Stigma

Background: Considering the high probability of suicidal behaviors in multiple sclerosis (MS) population of other countries and the unlikeliness of its diagnosis in patients with MS by specialists, the current research targets the frequency of suicidal thoughts and mood symptoms in a group of patients with MS in Iran. Also, we investigated the relationships among suicidal thoughts, anxiety, depression, anticipated stigma, social support, some disease characteristics, and sociodemographic factors. Methods: A sample of 276 subjects were selected from community-based MS clinics and referral out-patient MS clinic of Sina Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma Scale (CIASS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and a personal information questionnaire. Results: 36.2% of the participants had suicidal thoughts. Suicidal ideation was significantly more likely among people who reported higher anxiety and depression scores or anticipated stigma from their friends and families. Women and patients with higher education experienced suicidal ideation more frequently than others. Conclusion: Findings regarding the comorbidity of suicidal thoughts with anticipated stigma, depression and anxiety in MS patients emphasizes therapeutic interventions focused on the alleviation of perceived stigma as well as mood symptoms.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the wish to hasten death: a study of patients with terminal illness

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. KELLY ◽  
P. BURNETT ◽  
D. PELUSI ◽  
S. BADGER ◽  
F. VARGHESE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Terminally Ill Cancer Patients ◽  
Wish To Hasten Death

Background. There is considerable debate regarding the clinical issues surrounding the wish to hasten death (WTHD) in the terminally ill. The clinical factors contributing to the WTHD need further investigation among the terminally ill in order to enhance understanding of the clinical assessment and treatment needs that underlie this problem. A more detailed understanding may assist with the development of appropriate therapeutic interventions.Method. A sample of terminally ill cancer patients (N=256) recruited from an in-patient hospice unit, home palliative care service and a general hospital palliative care consulting service from Brisbane Australia between 1998–2001 completed a questionnaire assessing psychological (depression and anxiety), social (family relationship, social support, level of burden on others) and the impact of physical symptoms. The association between these factors and the WTHD was investigated.Results. A high WTHD was reported by 14% of patients. A discriminant function analysis revealed that the following variables were associated with a high WTHD (P<0·001): higher levels of depressive symptoms, being admitted to an in-patient hospice setting, a greater perception of being a burden on others, lower family cohesion, lower levels of social support, higher levels of anxiety and greater impact of physical symptoms.Conclusions. Psychological and social factors are related to a WTHD among terminally ill cancer patients. Greater attention needs to be paid to the assessment of psychological and social issues in order to provide appropriate therapeutic interventions for terminally ill patients.

Designing TIMP (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases) variants that are selective metalloproteinase inhibitors

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Nagase ◽  
Keith Brew
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinases ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Ridge Structure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase

The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes that play central roles in the degradation of extracellular matrix components. The balance between MMPs and TIMPs is important in the maintenance of tissues, and its disruption affects tissue homoeostasis. Four related TIMPs (TIMP-1 to TIMP-4) can each form a complex with MMPs in a 1:1 stoichiometry with high affinity, but their inhibitory activities towards different MMPs are not particularly selective. The three-dimensional structures of TIMP-MMP complexes reveal that TIMPs have an extended ridge structure that slots into the active site of MMPs. Mutation of three separate residues in the ridge, at positions 2, 4 and 68 in the amino acid sequence of the N-terminal inhibitory domain of TIMP-1 (N-TIMP-1), separately and in combination has produced N-TIMP-1 variants with higher binding affinity and specificity for individual MMPs. TIMP-3 is unique in that it inhibits not only MMPs, but also several ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) and ADAMTS (ADAM with thrombospondin motifs) metalloproteinases. Inhibition of the latter groups of metalloproteinases, as exemplified with ADAMTS-4 (aggrecanase 1), requires additional structural elements in TIMP-3 that have not yet been identified. Knowledge of the structural basis of the inhibitory action of TIMPs will facilitate the design of selective TIMP variants for investigating the biological roles of specific MMPs and for developing therapeutic interventions for MMP-associated diseases.

Inflammageing in the cardiovascular system: mechanisms, emerging targets, and novel therapeutic strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (17) ◽  
pp. 2243-2262
Author(s):  
Danlin Liu ◽  
Gavin Richardson ◽  
Fehmi M. Benli ◽  
Catherine Park ◽  
João V. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Ach Receptors

Abstract In the elderly population, pathological inflammation has been associated with ageing-associated diseases. The term ‘inflammageing’, which was used for the first time by Franceschi and co-workers in 2000, is associated with the chronic, low-grade, subclinical inflammatory processes coupled to biological ageing. The source of these inflammatory processes is debated. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been proposed as the main origin of inflammageing. The SASP is characterised by the release of inflammatory cytokines, elevated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, altered regulation of acetylcholine (ACh) nicotinic receptors, and abnormal NAD+ metabolism. Therefore, SASP may be ‘druggable’ by small molecule therapeutics targeting those emerging molecular targets. It has been shown that inflammageing is a hallmark of various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and adverse cardiac remodelling. Therefore, the pathomechanism involving SASP activation via the NLRP3 inflammasome; modulation of NLRP3 via α7 nicotinic ACh receptors; and modulation by senolytics targeting other proteins have gained a lot of interest within cardiovascular research and drug development communities. In this review, which offers a unique view from both clinical and preclinical target-based drug discovery perspectives, we have focused on cardiovascular inflammageing and its molecular mechanisms. We have outlined the mechanistic links between inflammageing, SASP, interleukin (IL)-1β, NLRP3 inflammasome, nicotinic ACh receptors, and molecular targets of senolytic drugs in the context of cardiovascular diseases. We have addressed the ‘druggability’ of NLRP3 and nicotinic α7 receptors by small molecules, as these proteins represent novel and exciting targets for therapeutic interventions targeting inflammageing in the cardiovascular system and beyond.

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document