Neurogenesis in the Central Nervous System: Cell Cycle Progression/Exit and Differentiation of Neuronal Progenitors

2010 ◽  
pp. 141-175
Author(s):  
Dimitra Thomaidou ◽  
Panagiotis K. Politis ◽  
Rebecca Matsas
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Central Nervous System Cell ◽  
Neuronal Progenitors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
System Cell

scholarly journals Central Nervous System Cell-Derived Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yang Tian ◽  
Chen Fu ◽  
Yifan Wu ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Xuemei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Glia Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System Cell ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
System Cell ◽  
Almost All

Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all kinds of mammalian cells that shuttle “cargo” from one cell to another, indicative of its role in cell-to-cell transportation. Interestingly, exosomes are known to undergo alterations or serve as a pathway in multiple diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. In the central nervous system (CNS), exosomes originating from neurons or glia cells contribute to or inhibit the progression of CNS-related diseases in special ways. In lieu of this, the current study investigated the effect of CNS cell-derived exosomes on different neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Cdk2 loss accelerates precursor differentiation and remyelination in the adult central nervous system

2011 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Caillava ◽  
Renaud Vandenbosch ◽  
Beata Jablonska ◽  
Cyrille Deboux ◽  
Giulia Spigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The specific functions of intrinsic regulators of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) division are poorly understood. Type 2 cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk2) controls cell cycle progression of OPCs, but whether it acts during myelination and repair of demyelinating lesions remains unexplored. Here, we took advantage of a viable Cdk2−/− mutant mouse to investigate the function of this cell cycle regulator in OPC proliferation and differentiation in normal and pathological conditions. During central nervous system (CNS) development, Cdk2 loss does not affect OPC cell cycle, oligodendrocyte cell numbers, or myelination. However, in response to CNS demyelination, it clearly alters adult OPC renewal, cell cycle exit, and differentiation. Importantly, Cdk2 loss accelerates CNS remyelination of demyelinated axons. Thus, Cdk2 is dispensable for myelination but is important for adult OPC renewal, and could be one of the underlying mechanisms that drive adult progenitors to differentiate and thus regenerate myelin.

Metallothionein prevents neurodegeneration and central nervous system cell death after treatment with gliotoxin 6-aminonicotinamide

2004 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Penkowa ◽  
Albert Quintana ◽  
Javier Carrasco ◽  
Mercedes Giralt ◽  
Amalia Molinero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Central Nervous System Cell ◽  
System Cell

CHAPTER 19. Smart Materials for Central Nervous System Cell Delivery and Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
pp. 529-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. O’Shea ◽  
Alexander L. Wollenberg ◽  
Alexander M. Bernstein ◽  
Darren B. Sarte ◽  
Timothy J. Deming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Cell Delivery ◽  
Central Nervous System Cell ◽  
System Cell

scholarly journals Protein complexity of central nervous system cell lines

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2829-2836 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Schubert ◽  
B Brass ◽  
JP Dumas
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Central Nervous System Cell ◽  
System Cell

scholarly journals Niacin in the Central Nervous System: An Update of Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Gasperi ◽  
Matteo Sibilano ◽  
Isabella Savini ◽  
Maria Catani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Vitamin B3 ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Niacin (also known as “vitamin B3” or “vitamin PP”) includes two vitamers (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) giving rise to the coenzymatic forms nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). The two coenzymes are required for oxidative reactions crucial for energy production, but they are also substrates for enzymes involved in non-redox signaling pathways, thus regulating biological functions, including gene expression, cell cycle progression, DNA repair and cell death. In the central nervous system, vitamin B3 has long been recognized as a key mediator of neuronal development and survival. Here, we will overview available literature data on the neuroprotective role of niacin and its derivatives, especially focusing especially on its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases), as well as in other neuropathological conditions (ischemic and traumatic injuries, headache and psychiatric disorders).

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