Assessment of Intestinal Permeability in (Premature) Neonates by Sugar Absorption Tests

2011 ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willemijn E. Corpeleijn ◽  
Ruurd M. van Elburg ◽  
Ido P. Kema ◽  
Johannes B. van Goudoever
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Premature Neonates ◽  
Sugar Absorption

scholarly journals Intestinal Permeability in Children with Celiac Disease after the Administration of Oligofructose-Enriched Inulin into a Gluten-Free Diet—Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Drabińska ◽  
Urszula Krupa-Kozak ◽  
Elżbieta Jarocka-Cyrta
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Sugar Absorption

Abnormalities in the intestinal barrier are a possible cause of celiac disease (CD) development. In animal studies, the positive effect of prebiotics on the improvement of gut barrier parameters has been observed, but the results of human studies to date remain inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of twelve-week supplementation of a gluten-free diet (GFD) with prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin (10 g per day) on the intestinal permeability in children with CD treated with a GFD. A pilot, randomized, placebo-controlled nutritional intervention was conducted in 34 children with CD, being on a strict GFD. Sugar absorption test (SAT) and the concentrations of intestinal permeability markers, such as zonulin, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, claudin-3, calprotectin, and glucagon-like peptide-2, were measured. We found that the supplementation with prebiotic did not have a substantial effect on barrier integrity. Prebiotic intake increased excretion of mannitol, which may suggest an increase in the epithelial surface. Most children in our study seem to have normal values for intestinal permeability tests before the intervention. For individuals with elevated values, improvement in calprotectin and SAT was observed after the prebiotic intake. This preliminary study suggests that prebiotics may have an impact on the intestinal barrier, but it requires confirmation in studies with more subjects with ongoing leaky gut.

scholarly journals Intestinal Permeability in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis, Clinical Evaluation, and Therapy of Leaky Gut

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Michielan ◽  
Renata D’Incà
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Sugar Absorption ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is multifactorial with data suggesting the role of a disturbed interaction between the gut and the intestinal microbiota. A defective mucosal barrier may result in increased intestinal permeability which promotes the exposition to luminal content and triggers an immunological response that promotes intestinal inflammation. IBD patients display several defects in the many specialized components of mucosal barrier, from the mucus layer composition to the adhesion molecules that regulate paracellular permeability. These alterations may represent a primary dysfunction in Crohn’s disease, but they may also perpetuate chronic mucosal inflammation in ulcerative colitis. In clinical practice, several studies have documented that changes in intestinal permeability can predict IBD course. Functional tests, such as the sugar absorption tests or the novel imaging technique using confocal laser endomicroscopy, allow anin vivoassessment of gut barrier integrity. Antitumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) therapy reduces mucosal inflammation and restores intestinal permeability in IBD patients. Butyrate, zinc, and some probiotics also ameliorate mucosal barrier dysfunction but their use is still limited and further studies are needed before considering permeability manipulation as a therapeutic target in IBD.

Repeatability of the Sugar-Absorption Test, Using Lactulose and Mannitol, for Measuring Intestinal Permeability for Sugars

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. van Elburg ◽  
J. J. Uil ◽  
F. T. M. Kokke ◽  
A. M. Mulder ◽  
W. G. M. van de Broek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Sugar Absorption ◽  
Sugar Absorption Test

Rapid and simultaneous determination of lactulose and mannitol in urine, by HPLC with pulsed amperometric detection, for use in studies of intestinal permeability

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Fleming ◽  
M S Kapembwa ◽  
M F Laker ◽  
G E Levin ◽  
G E Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Pulsed Amperometric Detection ◽  
Sugar Absorption ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
Low Concentrations

Abstract The lactulose/mannitol dual sugar absorption test is a non-invasive test of intestinal permeability. Its widespread use has been limited by the difficulties of analysis for carbohydrates in urine at low concentrations. We describe a "high-pressure" liquid-chromatographic method for determining lactulose and mannitol in urine, in which anion-exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection are used. Sample preparation is simple and fast, and lactulose and mannitol and the internal standards arabinose and cellobiose are well resolved within 15 min. Analytical response of the method is linear with concentrations to 3 g/L, and one can detect as little as 0.3 mg of lactulose per liter of urine. Analytical recovery was between 90% and 107% for all sugars analyzed, and there was good agreement with results by a gas-chromatographic method (r = 0.993 lactulose, 0.984 mannitol). The method may potentially be applied to the study of other carbohydrates present in biological fluids at low concentrations.

Assessment of Hypolactasia and Site-Specific Intestinal Permeability by Differential Sugar Absorption of Raffinose, Lactose, Sucrose and Mannitol

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hessels ◽  
Harry H. M. Eidhof ◽  
Jan Steggink ◽  
Wilfried W. H. Roeloffzen ◽  
Kalung Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Sugar Absorption

scholarly journals The effect of enteral supplementation of a prebiotic mixture of non-human milk galacto-, fructo- and acidic oligosaccharides on intestinal permeability in preterm infants

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth A. M. Westerbeek ◽  
Anemone van den Berg ◽  
Harrie N. Lafeber ◽  
Willem P. F. Fetter ◽  
Ruurd M. van Elburg
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Sugar Absorption ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Preterm infants have an impaired gut barrier function. We aimed to determine the effects of enteral supplementation of a prebiotic mixture consisting of neutral oligosaccharides (short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (SCGOS)/long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (LCFOS)) and acidic oligosaccharides (AOS) on intestinal permeability of preterm infants as measured by the sugar absorption test in the first week of life. Furthermore, we determined host- and treatment-related factors associated with intestinal permeability. In a randomised controlled trial, preterm infants with a gestational age < 32 weeks and/or birth weight (BW) < 1500 g received enteral supplementation of SCGOS/LCFOS/AOS or placebo (maltodextrin) between days 3 and 30 of life. Intestinal permeability, reflected by the urinary lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio after oral ingestion of lactulose and mannitol, was assessed at three time points: before the start of the study (t = 0), at day 4 (t = 1) and at day 7 (t = 2) of life. Data were analysed by generalised estimating equations. In total, 113 infants were included. Baseline patient and nutritional characteristics were not different between the SCGOS/LCFOS/AOS (n 55) and the placebo groups (n 58). SCGOS/LCFOS/AOS had no effect on the L/M ratio between t = 0 and t = 2. In both the groups, the L/M ratio decreased from t = 0 to t = 2 (P < 0·001). Low BW increased the L/M ratio (P = 0·002). Exclusive breast milk feeding and mixed breast milk/formula feeding during the first week of life decreased the L/M ratio (P < 0·001 and P < 0·05, respectively). In conclusion, enteral supplementation of a prebiotic mixture does not enhance the postnatal decrease in intestinal permeability in preterm infants in the first week of life.

scholarly journals Post-Delivery Milking Delay Influence on the Effect of Oral Supplementation with Bovine Colostrum as Measured with Intestinal Permeability Test

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Maciej Hałasa ◽  
Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz ◽  
Magdalena Baśkiewicz-Hałasa ◽  
Krzysztof Safranow ◽  
Ewa Stachowska
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Bovine Colostrum ◽  
Permeability Reduction ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sugar Absorption ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Reliable Assessment

Background and objective: The health supplement bovine colostrum reportedly improves immunity and regulates intestinal homeostasis. Reliable assessment methods are needed to ensure the satisfactory biological activity of all marketed colostrum products. Of the well-established effects of colostrum use, the restoration of appropriate intestinal permeability assessed with the lactulose/mannitol (L/M) differential sugar absorption test upon supplementation with colostrum has been consistently observed. Milking time after delivery is one of the factors that influences the composition of bovine colostrum, which causes a rapid decrease in bioactive components. Materials and methods: We use the L/M test to evaluate the intestinal permeability reduction upon supplementation with colostrum (2 × 500 mg) harvested at various times after delivery (2, 24, and 72 h) or a placebo (whey). In our randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled (DBPC) trial, 31 healthy athletes were divided into four groups and assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Results: The trial revealed that only colostrum collected after 2 h and 24 h caused a significant reduction of intestinal permeability. The comparison of post-intervention vs. baseline Δ values produced statistically significant results for 2 h colostrum versus the placebo and 72 h colostrum groups. Conclusions: We conclude that the change of bovine colostrum composition over the first three days of lactation is accompanied by a decrease in its biological activity as measured with the L/M test. This test may offer a biological quality measure for colostrum.

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