scholarly journals A Cross-Cultural Values-Based Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dissociative (Conversion) Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Anna Todeva-Radneva ◽  
Asen Beshkov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Clinical Episode ◽  
The One

AbstractThis case report presents the story of a young woman of Romani descent with a mixed dissociative (conversion) disorder within the contextual evidence-based and value-based medical framework. By painting the picture illustrating the course of her illness and the circumstances leading to the last clinical episode, compelling her most recent hospitalization, we delineate the contrast between common clinical phenomenology and the additional layers of the patient’s beliefs and values. Thus, we emphasize the importance of expanding the one-dimensional mainstream evidence-based approach, not only in cases of cross-cultural doctor-patient interactions but also in general medical practice, since the health attitudes and illness behaviors of every individual are influenced by their values and beliefs. In addition, the contemporary notion of medicine as a factual science requires a paradigm shift toward integrative multifaceted approaches if we as doctors are to treat human beings and not merely diseases.

scholarly journals Linking Science with People: An Introduction to Part IV, Science

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
Bill Fulford
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
The Rich

AbstractThis chapter outlines how the contributions to this Part illustrate the role of a culturally enriched model of values-based practice in linking science with people. Chapters 25, “A Cross-Cultural Values-Based Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dissociative (Conversion) Disorders,” 26, “Treatment of Social Anxiety Disorder or Neuroenhancement of Socially Accepted Modesty? The Case of Ms. Suzuki,” 27, “Nontraditional Religion, Hyper-religiosity, and Psychopathology: The Story of Ivan from Bulgaria,” and 28, “Journey into Genes: Cultural Values and the (Near) Future of Genetic Counselling in Mental Health” explore the three principles of values-based practice defining its relationship with evidence-based practice. Chapters 29, “Policy-Making Indabas to Prevent “Not Listening”: An Added Recommendation from the Life Esidimeni Tragedy,” 30, “Covert Treatment in a Cross-Cultural Setting,” and 31, “Discouragement Towards Seeking Health Care of Older People in Rural China: The Influence of Culture and Structural Constraints” then give examples of the rich resources of the wider values tool kit for linking science with people (the African indaba, transcultural ethics, and anthropology). The concluding chapter, the autobiographical chapter 32, “Discovering Myself, a Journey of Rediscovery,” illustrates the role of cultural values (particularly of the positive StAR values) in recovery. A cross-cutting theme of the contributions to this Part is the importance of the cultural and other values impacting on psychiatric diagnostic assessment in supporting best practice in person-centered mental health care.

Anthropolinguistic Analysis of Igbo Metaphorical Expressions

Anthropos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Chimaobi Onwukwe
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Cultural Connotations

The study examines metaphorical expressions in Igbo. It specifically analyzes the linguistic and cultural values, and beliefs in Igbo metaphors. The study adopted the Key Informant Interview method in data collection as well as introspection as a native speaker of Igbo. It was discovered that interpretation of Igbo metaphorical expressions involves the linguistic features of implicature, inference and referencing well as understanding of the cultural nuances of the referents used in Igbo metaphors. The study identified that metaphorical expressions concretize the Igbo worldview. This worldview, beliefs and values are represented in the cultural connotations of referents of Igbo metaphors. The study identified some referents with their cultural connotations such as animals, and natural/physical objects. The author concludes that understanding of metaphor in Igbo entails knowledge of cultural and contextual nuances of the referent of the metaphor in the Igbo language and culture.

scholarly journals Haumanu Ipukarea reviving tūrangawaewae, identity and place

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
William Hatton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Sense Of Identity

<p>Landscapes are a fundamental component for the identity of people. This is evident through the eyes of the indigenous Māori people who express, like many indigenous cultures, that identity is formed from ones interconnected relationship to the land. For Māori, land is embodied as a part of their identity formed by the principle of whakapapa and importantly mātauranga. Mātauranga Māori is the comprehensive body of traditional indigenous knowledge built over centuries of both physical and metaphysical paradigms. Much of the knowledge obtained, originated from te taiao, where the importance of mountains, rivers, lakes, forests and place, established one’s sense of tūrangawaewae.  Since the first colonial migrations to Aotearoa/New Zealand, much of the traditional knowledge acquired and developed over generation’s are at great risk of western dominance. Western science and knowledge has altered the endemic Aotearoa/New Zealand landscape dramatically depleting many natural ecologies. Forests and waterways continue to be in jeopardy from commercialisation and urbanisation, where the current urban environment questions the way we appreciate and make sense of our endemic natural landscape. Alterations to the land has prompted changes in people’s beliefs and values, and sense of identity.  Mātauranga has slowly begun to be reintroduced into the urban environment as a progressive way forward. This research builds upon the concept to promote mātauranga, reconnecting people and place, and improving one’s sense of identity. With more than 88% of Māori now residing in urban areas, and many non-Māori unaware of indigenous cultural values and beliefs, the focus looks to provide a place of gathering, learning, engaging, reflecting, healing and belonging, preserving and appreciating Aotearoa/New Zealand’s cultural expression of the landscape. The research looks upon a regenerating valley system near the heart of Wellington City, reviving the Māori beliefsof ki uta ki tai and that of hīkoi. The research looks at opportunities to better express and understand bi-culturalism</p>

scholarly journals Hysteria to conversion disorders: Babinski's contributions

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleide da Mota Gomes ◽  
Eliasz Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
The One

The main objective of this paper is to present the importance of hysteria on Babinski's oeuvre, and the conceptions of pithiatism from Babinski until the one of conversion disorder. Babinski gave a mental basis for hysteria in the place of Charcot's encephalopatic one, and several important semiotic tools to differentiate organic from hysterical manifestations based on studies from 1893-1917/8. His teachings were spread worldwide, and in Brazil they were also appreciated in the work on hysteria by Antonio Austregesilo, the first Brazilian neurology chairman. The neurobiological basis of hysteria conceived by Charcot is nowadays reappraised, and Babinski's neurosemiological contribution is everlasting. The patients believed to be hysterical, and the two outstanding neurologists, Charcot and Babinski, gave support for the development of the modern neurology.

scholarly journals Haumanu Ipukarea reviving tūrangawaewae, identity and place

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
William Hatton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Sense Of Identity

<p>Landscapes are a fundamental component for the identity of people. This is evident through the eyes of the indigenous Māori people who express, like many indigenous cultures, that identity is formed from ones interconnected relationship to the land. For Māori, land is embodied as a part of their identity formed by the principle of whakapapa and importantly mātauranga. Mātauranga Māori is the comprehensive body of traditional indigenous knowledge built over centuries of both physical and metaphysical paradigms. Much of the knowledge obtained, originated from te taiao, where the importance of mountains, rivers, lakes, forests and place, established one’s sense of tūrangawaewae.  Since the first colonial migrations to Aotearoa/New Zealand, much of the traditional knowledge acquired and developed over generation’s are at great risk of western dominance. Western science and knowledge has altered the endemic Aotearoa/New Zealand landscape dramatically depleting many natural ecologies. Forests and waterways continue to be in jeopardy from commercialisation and urbanisation, where the current urban environment questions the way we appreciate and make sense of our endemic natural landscape. Alterations to the land has prompted changes in people’s beliefs and values, and sense of identity.  Mātauranga has slowly begun to be reintroduced into the urban environment as a progressive way forward. This research builds upon the concept to promote mātauranga, reconnecting people and place, and improving one’s sense of identity. With more than 88% of Māori now residing in urban areas, and many non-Māori unaware of indigenous cultural values and beliefs, the focus looks to provide a place of gathering, learning, engaging, reflecting, healing and belonging, preserving and appreciating Aotearoa/New Zealand’s cultural expression of the landscape. The research looks upon a regenerating valley system near the heart of Wellington City, reviving the Māori beliefsof ki uta ki tai and that of hīkoi. The research looks at opportunities to better express and understand bi-culturalism</p>

scholarly journals Innovative Applications for Presenting Heritage in the Visual Arts Medium: A Case Study of the Omani Legends and Stories Exhibition

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nada Al-Ajmi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Visual Medium ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Contemporary Artists

In transforming the folk tale into a visual medium, contemporary artists have illuminated the remarkable flexibility of this cultural heritage. The Omani Legends and Stories exhibition held in 2012 featured forty-two contemporary artists inspired to re-interpret folk tales that encapsulated beliefs and values relevant in present-day Oman. Several years later, qualitative interviews were conducted with seven of the artists whose work depicted stories focused on representations of women. Together with some analysis of academic writing in the field of traditional tales, this study also garnered artists’ viewpoints as expressed in their art works and revealed in discussions with the artists themselves. It was found that there is continuity in the cultural values and beliefs across generations, that folk tales are still being passed on and that women were represented in them in an intriguingly positive light. The continuing observance of cultural restrictions practiced on women was not supported in either the folk tales or the artists’ own viewpoints. The example provided by Oman’s visual arts industry may inspire similar initiatives in other societies and further research on possible linkages between different art mediums that could be harnessed to further the betterment of women’s socio-cultural situation. 

Raising the quality of teaching through Kyouzai Kenkyuu – the study of teaching materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Sarkar Arani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Lesson Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Of Teaching ◽  
Beliefs And Values

Purpose This study attempts to provide cross-cultural learning by focusing on a very important aspect of research, the study of teaching materials, known as Kyouzai Kenkyuu in Japan. The purpose of this paper is to investigate teachers’ views and awareness about the study of teaching materials, in particular, the views and awareness of Iranian teachers, who are beginning to understand their teaching practice and professional development through lesson study. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research methods were employed for data collection. These methods included comparative analysis of an Iranian mathematics lesson from the perspective of Japanese educators and semi-structured interviews with all participants of the lesson analysis meetings. Findings The findings are intended to position Kyouzai Kenkyuu as an important aspect of Japanese lesson study and to make explicit the beliefs and values that underpin and shape pedagogical reasoning that support researchers and practitioners to improve the quality of teaching through lesson study. This was achieved through post-lesson discussion meetings, and the beliefs and values were those the participants were largely unaware of but could be clarified through a cross-cultural comparison. For instance, Japanese teachers focus more on learners and the study of teaching materials for raising the quality of teaching, whereas Iranian teachers focus more on the content of teaching and teacher behavior. Research limitations/implications This study delivers a transnational learning opportunity for teachers and researchers to learn how to provide evidence-based analysis of a lesson to raise the quality of teaching. However, as this is a case study and focuses specifically on Kyouzai Kenkyuu, it opens up the possibility for comparative analysis of more sample lessons and other aspects of Japanese lesson study. Practical implications It may be interesting for teachers and researchers to see how such a study could help them revise their quality of teaching through lesson study and construct shared knowledge about how to teach and to clarify “the pedagogical theories” that underpin such knowledge building. Social implications The value of this study is in its ability to reveal to educators their own unconscious teaching script and knowledge and “the pedagogical theories” that underpin such knowledge. It provides an opportunity for evidence-based critiques of our own teaching script, theory, view and values that we accept culturally, share tacitly and may not even be aware of in the construction process. Originality/value This study combines careful measurement with an “insider’s perspective” from Iran and an “outsider’s perspective” from Japan of differing educational concepts within the same subject area. The objective is to provide a deeper understanding of the real world of lesson study and how it can help educators to construct shared knowledge about how to teach in practice and to support teachers to revise the cultural context of teaching.

On the Rationality of Choice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Alternate Model ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
The Way

This presentation aims to explore the ubiquity of rationality in how people make choices. Historically, rationality has been conceived of as a scheme of certain values and beliefs, most often those that are compatible with a 'scientific way of thinking'. Subsequently, those who hold a different set of beliefs and  values are deemed 'irrational' or considered irreconcilably dissimilar from those who are 'rational.' What typical follows for the 'irrational' are unfavorable labels such as 'dogmatic', 'primitive', or even 'insane'. This presentation rejects these common views and offers an alternate model of rationality that depicts rationality as a template rather than a scheme of values. Rather than emphasize certain values as 'rational', this model emphasizes the role of value itself as the cornerstone of rationality. An advantage of this model is that the both the commonly considered 'rational' and 'irrational' are seen to be employing the same underlying structure in making choices; the divergence is in the values themselves and not the way of  thinking. What underlies these arguments is an aim to show that human beings are more alike than  different, no matter what kind of choices they make

Native American Cultural Values and Beliefs Scale

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rusty Reynolds ◽  
Randal P. Quevillon ◽  
Beth Boyd ◽  
Duane Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Values And Beliefs

Green Architecture and its applications in Hospitals:Analytical study of existing project to extract the mechanisms of applying green architecture in hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Anfal Muayad Mayoof
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Green Architecture ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
The One

Hospitals are the major contributor to environmental corruption and the biggest drain onenergy in their life cycle because they are complex, multifunctional giant facilities. Several recent studieshave been carried out to find the most suitable solutions to reduce energy consumption provide it on-siteand contribute to supporting economic, environmental and social aspects. The reason for the slowmovement of green buildings for hospitals is to focus on a suitable design for the complex function thatdeals with the local climate, natural resources, economy and cultural values and avoid the one-size-fits alldesign. This made the solutions used multiple and varied, different for greening of the hospital and put theresearch in the absence of a clear perception of the mechanisms of the application of green architecture inhospitals and this identified the problem of research. Therefore, the study looked at an analytical study ofexisting project models designed according to the strategies and standards of green architecture todetermine the strategies adopted in each project, and by adopting the analytical method after determiningthe strategy used in each building to achieve the green architecture and then comparing them according tothe standards adopted using the global LEED system Green Building Council. The results that will bereached are the mechanisms of applying Green Architecture to Hospitals.

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