Problem setting. In recent years, as a result of legislative activity, many new legal principles have emerged that guide the legal regulation of the social sphere and indicate the general directions of the implementation of social rights. As a result, there is both a theoretical and a practical need to clarify their content and streamline the principles of social security law throughout the system. Characterizing the principles of social security, it should be noted that today there are many classifications of sectoral principles and those that were developed in Soviet times, and those that are more or less focused on the specifics of today. Some principles disappeared, losing their relevance and ceasing to affect all social security; others, on the other hand, have become more and more confident in the system of sectoral principles, having barely appeared in social security legislation. One such principle is the principle of targeting.
Analysis of recent researches and publications. Problems of providing targeted assistance in their scientific works were studied by such scientists as O. O. Bogdanova, T. Z. Garasimov, A. Gladun, S. V. Kudlaenko, O. V. Moskalenko, I. Yu. Khomych, T. Yu. Khrenova, O. Chutcheva, O. M. Yaroshenko and others.
Target of research – to find out the content of the principle of targeting in the law of social security and to determine its place in the mechanism of legal regulation of the law of social security in modern conditions in the implementation of social rights.
Article’s main body. Targeted social protection in general is aimed at determining the real standard of living of persons seeking social assistance, their real need for social assistance. It is a characteristic tool of social programs to combat poverty, which allows to achieve a significant effect by qualitatively identifying the criteria characteristics of “beneficiaries”.
The main advantage of the targeted social protection system is, firstly, the more efficient use of available limited budget funds to provide social assistance to the most vulnerable categories of citizens; secondly, most of such funds are spent on poor citizens. Therefore, addressing the system of social protection of vulnerable groups can, on the one hand, significantly increase the ability of this system to provide social assistance and services to those who really need it, and on the other – to prevent access to budget funds for state social assistance and provision of social services to those to whom it is not intended. This, in turn, will reduce the overall cost of social assistance programs at the state and regional levels, which is an important factor given the limited financial resources.
Conclusions and prospects for the development. The principle of targeting social benefits, taking into account the financial situation of a particular person in a particular life situation, recognized by the state society as socially respectable, will contribute, on the one hand, more effective implementation of social rights, as it will take into account the specific life situation and, on the other hand, without limiting the volume and types of social benefits already provided by the current legislation, will promote a more rational distribution of funds from public consumption funds. Targeted social protection should be aimed at determining the real standard of living of persons seeking social assistance, their real need for social assistance
Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Italy