scholarly journals Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Belgium

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Pauline Melin
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
Social Security Benefits ◽  
Guaranteed Minimum Income

Abstract Access to social benefits in Belgium is not conditional upon nationality but rather on periods of insurance to the Belgian social security system. Despite the lack of nationality conditions, a number of social benefits are made conditional upon residence of the beneficiary in Belgium. Consequently, even though the Belgian social security system appears, at first sight, as neutral regarding the migration trajectory of its beneficiaries, it might be more difficult for migrants to access, retain and export social security benefits from Belgium when compared to resident nationals. This chapter thus compares the conditions of access to social benefits for nationals and non-nationals residing in Belgium, as well as Belgian citizens residing abroad. It aims to analyse whether migration decisions impact access to and retention of social security benefits. More particularly, the analysis focuses on access to unemployment benefits, healthcare, old-age pensions, family benefits and guaranteed minimum income. Finally, this chapter also questions whether access to social benefits might have a consequence for the residence status of non-nationals in Belgium.

scholarly journals Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-261
Author(s):  
Daria Popova
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Family ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
Social Security Benefits

AbstractThis chapter discusses the general legal framework regulating Russia’s welfare system and access for national citizens, foreigners residing in the country, and national citizens residing abroad to social benefits in five policy areas: unemployment, health care, family benefits, pensions, and guaranteed minimum resources. Our analysis shows that the eligibility of Russian nationals for social benefits depends either on their employment status and contribution record (for pensions and other social insurance benefits), or their residence status (for social assistance and healthcare). The overall level of social protection of citizens residing in different parts of the country may differ substantially due to the decentralized structure of the social protection system in Russia. The rights of foreign residents to social security benefits are essentially the same as those of the nationals, as long as they are legally employed and make social security contributions. However, there are two major exceptions: pensions and unemployment benefits. Social assistance benefits provided at the regional level are typically available to all legal residents, foreigners included, with few exceptions. When deciding to permanently move abroad, Russian citizens lose their entitlement to claim social benefits from Russia, apart from acquired contributory public pensions.

scholarly journals Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Italy

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-256
Author(s):  
William Chiaromonte
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Security System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Migration History ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
The One

Abstract This chapter presents the main characteristics of the Italian social security system, on the one hand, and Italian migration history and key policy developments, on the other hand, in order to analyze the principal eligibility conditions for accessing social benefits (unemployment, health care, pensions, family benefits and guaranteed minimum resources) for national residents, non-national residents and non-resident nationals.

scholarly journals Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in Ecuador

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Analía Minteguiaga ◽  
Valerie Carmel
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Informal Labour

AbstractFormal labour and affiliation to Ecuador’s social security system is the main gateway for access to social protection benefits, especially in the case of migrants. However, a large informal labour market and low levels on inclusion in the social security system forces large sectors of society to rely on family and community arrangements for the management of risk and economic uncertainty. The state provides some non-contributory benefits through cash transfer programs but, with the exception of health care, these only cover people living in conditions of extreme poverty. Universal, non-means tested programs are limited to the public health and education systems. Overall, migrants face several obstacles to access social protection benefits. Gaining the right to work legally is mostly reserved for white-collar and highly educated immigrants, excluding impoverished immigrants. Paired to the inability to access labour-related benefits and government programs for the so-called poor, immigrants lack the safety nets provided by extended family and a community setting. Nationals residing abroad have restricted access to social benefits, having access only to the contributory pension system on a voluntary basis. This chapter discusses the social protection system in Ecuador and focuses on eligibility criteria to show the extent of migrants’ access to the social benefits.

scholarly journals Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Latvia

2020 ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Anhelita Kamenska ◽  
Jekaterina Tumule
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Social Security Benefits ◽  
Permanent Residents

Abstract This chapter discusses the link between migration and welfare in Latvia. In general, the Latvian social security system may be described as a mixture of elements taken from the basic security (where eligibility is based on contributions or residency, and flat-rate benefits are provided) and corporatist (with eligibility based on labour force participation and earnings-related benefits) models. The country has experienced significant social policy and migration-related changed during the past decades. This chapter focuses on the current Latvian legislation, by closely examining the differential access to social protection benefits of resident nationals, foreigners living in Latvia and Latvian citizens residing abroad across five core policy areas: unemployment, health care, pensions, family benefits and social assistance. Our results show that the Latvian social security benefits are generally based on the principle of employment, social insurance contributions, and permanent residence. Most of the social benefits and services are available to socially insured permanent residents. At the same time, the state offers minimum protection to non-insured permanent residents. Foreigners with temporary residence permits who are not socially insured are the least socially protected group.

PP36 Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Disability Costs Among Italian Workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
Claudia Nardone ◽  
Simone Russo ◽  
Simone Gazzillo ◽  
Raffaele Migliorini ◽  
Marco Trabucco Aurilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Disability Insurance ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
Insurance Costs ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Social Security Benefits

IntroductionThe aim of the study is to estimate the disability insurance costs (social security system in Italy is financed by public expenditure) induced by patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and specifically for Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) between 2009 and 2015.MethodsWe analyzed the database about the disability insurance awards and the mean cost per benefit of the National Institute of Social Security (INPS) for two types of social security benefits: incapacity pensions (IP - for people without workability) and disability benefits (DB - for people with reduced work ability). From this data, we have estimated the total benefit provided and the total costs for each disease. A probabilistic model with a Monte Carlo simulation was developed in order to estimate the total benefits provided and costs.ResultsFor CD, an average of 820 beneficiaries of social security benefits were detected per year (2009-2015): the total expenditure was EUR 50 million, EUR 7 million per year (about EUR 7,900 per patient); for UC, about 1,550 beneficiaries per year were detected and the total expenditure was EUR 93 million, EUR 13 million per year (about EUR 8,600 per patient).ConclusionsThe disability insurance costs related with the management of CD and UC showed a significant impact on the expenditure for the Italian system: the most important costs for disability for CD and UC in Italy in the analyzed period were DB (92 percent for CD and 95 percent for UC). Rapid access to innovative treatments could reduce the costs incurred by the social security system.

scholarly journals Legal Issues in The Implementation of National Social Security System on Labour in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
Tedi Sudrajat ◽  
Siti Kunarti ◽  
Abdul Aziz Nasihuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Security Benefits

The Social Security System in Indonesia has been regulated by the government, and the program is managed by an agency called Social Insurance Administration Organization (BPJS). Associated with the existence of social security functions for workers, its practice presents a gap between what is expected and what is regulated. For this reason, it is therefore necessary to examine, firstly, what kind of legal protection of workers is covered by this national social security system managed in BPJS program and, secondly, what constraints are encountered in its implementation. This research is Juridical Normative one, with normative qualitative data analysis. The research finds that the social security is correlated not only with the welfare of employees who are assessed by the level of wages provided by the organization, rather it is also correlated with other factors in the form of health and safety assurance. In the broader context, social welfare is measured not only when the person is at work and gets social security benefits, rather the measure of his welfare is also applicable when the worker is not working and/or when they retire. On the basis of these, the social security program is an integral aspect of social security to which the government should give a legal protection.

scholarly journals Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in Argentina

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Verónica Carmona Barrenechea ◽  
Giuseppe M. Messina ◽  
Mora Straschnoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Eligibility Requirements ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
Migratory Status ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Social Security Benefits

AbstractThis chapter discusses the level and quality of social protection granted to legally residing migrant workers in Argentina and national citizens residing abroad in five main policy areas: unemployment, health, pensions, family benefits and guaranteed minimum resources. After an overview of recent evolutions in Argentina’s Social Security and migration policy, we analyze each policy area in order to identify the necessary eligibility requirements for accessing social benefits or services. Our findings show that, in general, the contributory logic prevails over nationality for Social Security benefits. In the case of non-contributory programs, we observe a regime that is generally less generous in quantitative and qualitative terms, and even more restricted for migrants. Despite this, Argentina’s immigration policy is relatively open, especially for migrants from the region, while certain fundamental rights (such as health and education) are guaranteed to all migrants (regardless of their migratory status).

PP140 Cancer And The Burden For Social Security System. Is It Sustainable?

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Simone Russo ◽  
Raffaele Migliorini ◽  
Marco Trabucco ◽  
Francesco Saverio Mennini
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Social Security System ◽  
Security System ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
The Social ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Social Security Benefits ◽  
Mean Cost

Introduction:The purpose of the study is to estimate both the number of beneficiaries and the burden of the Disability Insurance (DI) benefits provided for neoplastic diseases (ND) and for five cancer types, focusing on the expenditure by the social security system.Methods:To estimate the current DI benefits and their cost, we analyzed the databases of DI awards and the mean cost per benefit of the Italian National Social Security Institute (INPS) for two types of social security benefits: the disability benefits (DB) for people with reduced work ability and the incapacity pensions (IP) for people without work ability. A probabilistic model with a Monte Carlo simulation was developed in order to estimate the total benefits provided and costs.Results:Between 2009 and 2015, a yearly average was estimated of about 122,000 beneficiaries of DI for cancer. The total estimated expenditure for ND in the seven years, supported and provided by INPS for these social security benefits, amounted to EUR 8.1 billion (corresponding to 27.4 percent of the total expenditure for disability provided by INPS) of which 66.7 percent was associated with DB and the remaining 33.3 percent with IP. The percentage increase related to the costs show that DB have the most significant increase starting from the 2013 with 11.3 percent from 2013 to 2014 and 9.7 percent from 2014 to 2015, while. IP have an increase from 2009 to 2011, with a maximum during 2011, with a percentage difference of 7.6 percent.Conclusions:The incidence and the prevalence of the ND are expected to increase in the coming years in Italy. In order to minimize the consequences of this scenario, rapid access to innovative treatments would reduce the costs borne by the social security system, accompanied by an improvement in the effectiveness of interventions and increase in quality of life for patients.

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