scholarly journals Infection Prevention and Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Anna L. Costa ◽  
Gaetano Pierpaolo Privitera ◽  
Giorgio Tulli ◽  
Giulio Toccafondi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Clinical Risk Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control ◽  
Avoidable Risk

AbstractHealthcare-associated infections (HAI) are adverse events exposing patients to a potentially avoidable risk of morbidity and mortality. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasingly contributing to the burden of HAIs and emerging as of the most alarming challenges for public health worldwide. Practically, harm mitigation and risk containment demand cross-sectional initiatives incorporate both approaches to infection prevention and control and methodologies from clinical risk management.

scholarly journals Infection control practices and challenges in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 175717742110127
Author(s):  
Salma Abbas ◽  
Faisal Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
And Control

Background: Patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities during outbreaks hinges on a prompt infection prevention and control response. Physicians leading these programmes have encountered numerous obstacles during the pandemic. Aim/objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate infection prevention and control practices and explore the challenges in Pakistan during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and administered a survey to physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes at 18 hospitals in Pakistan. Results: All participants implemented universal masking, limited the intake of patients and designated separate triage areas, wards and intensive care units for coronavirus disease 2019 patients at their hospitals. Eleven (61%) physicians reported personal protective equipment shortages. Staff at three (17%) hospitals worked without the appropriate personal protective equipment due to limited supplies. All participants felt overworked and 17 (94%) reported stress. Physicians identified the lack of negative pressure rooms, fear and anxiety among hospital staff, rapidly evolving guidelines, personal protective equipment shortages and opposition from hospital staff regarding the choice of recommended personal protective equipment as major challenges during the pandemic. Discussion: The results of this study highlight the challenges faced by physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes in Pakistan. It is essential to support infection prevention and control personnel and bridge the identified gaps to ensure patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities.

scholarly journals Strengthening infection prevention and control and systematic surveillance of healthcare associated infections in India

BMJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. j3768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya Swaminathan ◽  
Jagdish Prasad ◽  
Akshay C Dhariwal ◽  
Randeep Guleria ◽  
Mahesh C Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1963-1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi L Shane ◽  
Rajal K Mody ◽  
John A Crump ◽  
Phillip I Tarr ◽  
Theodore S Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Infectious Diarrhea ◽  
And Control

Abstract These guidelines are intended for use by healthcare professionals who care for children and adults with suspected or confirmed infectious diarrhea. They are not intended to replace physician judgement regarding specific patients or clinical or public health situations. This document does not provide detailed recommendations on infection prevention and control aspects related to infectious diarrhea.

scholarly journals Improvement in Infection Prevention and Control Measures at The Children Hospital, Lahore. A My Child Matters Collaborative Project

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 223s-223s
Author(s):  
M. Faizan ◽  
S. Anwar ◽  
R.U.A. Kashif ◽  
R. Saleem ◽  
H. Javed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Improvement Strategy ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Background: Overcrowding, lack of operational funds, and healthcare associated infections are major challenges at the Children Hospital Lahore, a public healthcare facility in Pakistan with 900 new pediatric cancer admissions annually. In 2014, a collaboration between My Child Matters (MCM), St. Jude Global Infectious Diseases Program (SJ-GID), and our institution was established to address these issues. Aim: To describe the effect of a collaborative improvement strategy on the infection prevention and control (IPC) standards in a pediatric oncology unit in a resource-limited setting. Methods: Our study was a prospective before-and-after study. We compare the WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework (HHSAF) and 4 modules of the St. Jude modified Infection Control Assessment Tool (ICAT) scores. Our strategy included: (1) creating a multidisciplinary team of pediatric hematology-oncology, infectious disease physicians, nurses, microbiologist, and a data manager, (2) engaging on monthly online IPC mentoring sessions with the SJ-GID and MCM mentors, (3) performing daily inpatient healthcare associated (HAI) surveillance rounds, and (4) providing regular hand hygiene training and compliance audits. Results: Our hand hygiene facility level per WHO scores increased from “Inadequate” during the baseline assessment to “Intermediate/Consolidation” by the end of 3-year implementation (122 vs 352 HHSAF scores). The sink: bed and hand sanitizer: bed ratios improved to 1:6 and 1:1 respectively. Six washrooms were added to our unit. ICAT general infection control module increased by 40% (45 vs 78 ICAT score) and hygiene compliance improved by 20% from baseline. Identification of HAI increased from baseline (4.07 vs 8.7 infections per 1000 patient days). A 25% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Conclusion: Implementing a collaborative improvement strategy improved the IPC standards in our pediatric cancer center. The increase of HAI might be a result of a better surveillance and laboratory identification. Further targeted interventions should be develop to decrease HAI rates and infection-related morbidity and mortality in our population.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Implementation of Nosocomial Infection Prevention and Control in Hospitals (A Literature Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Amira Mhuthia Adila ◽  
Nur Ramadhan ◽  
Puspa Nujulla ◽  
Putri Dwi Ardiyanti ◽  
Rina Oktavia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Infections due to health services or Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) or known as nosocomial infections are infections that occur in patients during treatment in hospitals or other health facilities. The prevention and control of nosocomial infections is a worldwide challenge. This study aims to examine the literature, articles, or journals of research results regarding the implementation of prevention and control of nosocomial infections in hospitals. The method used is a literature review with 10 journals that were reviewed and written from 2015 to 2020, or written in the last 6 years with the keywords "Analysis of the Implementation of Nosocomial Infection Prevention and Control". The results obtained are 8 journals that have obstacles such as lack of Human Resources (HR), insufficient funds and infrastructure, there are still many officers who have not taken action according to Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), many officers have not received training, there is no incentive for officers. , there is an unbalanced workload, the reporting system is not maximized, the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is not optimal, and cough etiquette has not been carried out by officers. So it is necessary to add things that must be met such as training of officers, completing the needs (facilities and infrastructure) for officers, providing sanctions for officers when violating (not taking actions according to SOPs), providing incentives for officers, and even giving rewards for officers who obey comply SOP, especially given strict supervision from the hospital so that officers and patients do not transmit their disease to each other or other people.

scholarly journals Personal protective equipment and infection prevention and control: a national survey of UK medical students and interim foundation doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Jane Norton ◽  
Ioannis Georgiou ◽  
Alex Fung ◽  
Armin Nazari ◽  
Soham Bandyopadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The adequacy of personal protective equipment (PPE) and infection prevention and control (IPC) training in UK medical students and interim Foundation Year 1 (FiY1) doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown, as is its impact on COVID-19-related anxiety. Methods Cross-sectional, multi-centre study analysing self-reported adequacy of PPE and IPC training and correlation to a modified pandemic anxiety scale. Participants were current medical students and FiY1 doctors in the UK. Data were collected by an online survey. Results Participants reported that they received insufficient PPE information (43%) and IPC training (56%). Significantly, fewer participants identifying as women or BAME/mixed ethnicity reported receiving sufficient PPE information, compared with those identifying as men and White British/White Other, respectively. COVID-19-related anxiety was significantly higher in those without sufficient reported PPE or IPC training, in women compared with men, and in FiY1 doctors compared with medical students. Conclusions With medical students currently volunteering in and imminently returning to hospitals in an educational capacity, levels of self-reported PPE and IPC training are sub-optimal. Better training is paramount to avoid harm to patients and healthcare professionals and to reduce COVID-19-related anxiety among medical students and FiY1 doctors.

scholarly journals Attitudes, knowledge and practices of healthcare workers regarding occupational exposure of pulmonary tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley T. Bhebhe ◽  
Cornel Van Rooyen ◽  
Wilhelm J. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Background: Healthcare-associated tuberculosis (TB) has become a major occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs). HCWs are inevitably exposed to TB, due to frequent interaction with patients with undiagnosed and potentially contagious TB. Whenever there is a possibility of exposure, implementation of infection prevention and control (IPC) practices is critical.Objective: Following a high incidence of TB among HCWs at Maluti Adventist Hospital in Lesotho, a study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of HCWs regarding healthcare-associated TB infection and infection controls.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in June 2011; it involved HCWs at Maluti Adventist Hospital who were involved with patients and/or sputum. Stratified sampling of 140 HCWs was performed, of whom, 129 (92.0%) took part. A self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used.Results: Most respondents (89.2%) had appropriate knowledge of transmission, diagnosis and prevention of TB; however, only 22.0% of the respondents knew the appropriate method of sputum collection. All of the respondents (100.0%) were motivated and willing to implement IPC measures. A significant proportion of participants (36.4%) reported poor infection control practices, with the majority of inappropriate practices being the administrative infection controls (> 80.0%). Only 38.8% of the participants reported to be using the appropriate N-95 respirator.Conclusion: Poor infection control practices regarding occupational TB exposure were demonstrated, the worst being the first-line administrative infection controls. Critical knowledge gaps were identified; however, there was encouraging willingness by HCWs to adapt to recommended infection control measures. Healthcare workers are inevitably exposed to TB, due to frequent interaction with patients with undiagnosed and potentially contagious TB. Implementation of infection prevention and control practices is critical whenever there is a possibility of exposure.

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