scholarly journals Experimental Re-creation of the Depositional Context in Which Late Pleistocene Tracks Were Found on the Pacific Coast of Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Duncan McLaren ◽  
Quentin Mackie ◽  
Daryl Fedje
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Site Formation ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Site Formation Processes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The University

AbstractTo better understand the depositional context of Late Pleistocene human tracks found at archaeology site EjTa-4 on Calvert Island, on the Pacific Coast of Canada, we present here the results of an experiment designed to recreate the conditions by which these tracks were formed, preserved and then revealed through excavation. Based on radiocarbon ages on small twigs and the analysis of sediments and microfossils, the interpretation of the site formation processes relate that the tracks were impressed into a clayey soil substrate just above the high tide line between 13,317 and 12,633 calBP. The features were subsequently encapsulated by black sand, which washed over the tracks from the nearby intertidal zone during a storm event. To test this interpretation, we enlisted the aid of high school student volunteers to recreate the conditions by which the tracks were formed. A clayey substrate was prepared in a laboratory setting at the University of Victoria and a few plant macrofossils were placed on top it. This was followed by having the students create tracks in the clay, which were then covered with a layer of sand. Upon excavation of these experimental tracks, we found that they had a very similar character to those found in the field, including the pressing of macrofossils into the clay by the weight of the track maker. These results support the interpretation and chronological assessment of the depositional events that occurred during late Pleistocene times at archaeology site EjTa-4.

Late Pleistocene stratigraphy of south-central British Columbia

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Fulton ◽  
Geoffrey W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Valley Area ◽  
Coast Region

The late Pleistocene deposits of south-central British Columbia record two major glacial and two major nonglacial periods of deposition. The oldest recognized Pleistocene deposits, called Westwold Sediments, were deposited during a nonglacial interval more than 60 000 years ago. Little information is available on the climate of this period, but permafrost may have been present at one time during final stages of deposition of Westwold Sediments. The latter part of this nonglacial period is probably correlative with the early Wisconsin Substage of the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Valley area. However, deposition of the Westwold Sediments may have begun during the Sangamon Interglacial.Okanagan Centre Drift is the name applied to sediments deposited during the glaciation that followed deposition of Westwold Sediments. Okanagan Centre Drift is known to be older than 43 800 years BP and probably is older than 51 000. It is considered to correlate with an early Wisconsin glacial period.Bessette Sediments were deposited during the last major nonglacial period, which in south-central British Columbia persisted from at least 43 800 years BP (possibly more than 51 000) to about 19 000 years BP. This episode corresponds to Olympia Interglaciation of the Pacific Coast region and the mid-Wisconsin Substage of the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Valley area. During parts of Olympia Interglaciation the climate was probably as warm as the present-day climate in the interior of British Columbia. Information from coastal regions indicates that there may have been periods of cooler and moister climate.Kamloops Lake Drift was deposited during the last major glaciation of south-central British Columbia. Ice occupied lowland areas from approximately 19 000 to 10 000 years BP. This period corresponds approximately to the Fraser Glaciation of the Pacific Coast region and the late Wisconsin Substage of central and eastern parts of North America.

Annual Meeting of the (American) African Studies Association

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Helen Kitchen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
African Studies ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Middle West ◽  
The University

The membership of the African Studies Association now numbers 1,731— 734 fellows, 618 associates, and 379 student associates. Some 700 of these participated in the eleventh annual meeting of the Association. Although attendance was considerably below the 1,300 registered at the New York Hilton in 1967 and the nearly 1,000 who made their way to the University of Indiana in 1966, there is no indication that this reflects a declining interest in African studies in the United States. Rather, the A.S.A. custom of bringing its annual meetings in turn to scholars in the north-east, on the Pacific coast, and in the Middle West results in predictable fluctations in registration.

Reversed Magnetozone in the Late Pleistocene Sediments from the Pacific Coast of Odaka, Northeast Japan

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichi Manabe
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Marine Terrace ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Sea Cliff ◽  
Peak Field

Paleomagnetic measurements have been carried out on 103 specimens taken at about 15 cm intervals in a sea cliff exposing the marine terrace formation. Secondary components were removed by partial demagnetization in a peak field of 200 Oe. Two short reversed magnetozones are recognized. Geological and biostratigraphical evidence indicates that they are equivalent to the Blake event, which was first reported by Smith and Foster (1969) (Science 163 , 565–567) from the North Atlantic deep-sea cores. The present result suggests a split nature for the Blake Event.

Declining the “Invitation to Struggle”

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-130
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Political Life ◽  
War Powers ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The University ◽  
Deliberate Effort

Congress has abdicated its role at the center of U.S. political life. As a result, the constitutional powers that should be exercised by Congress in both domestic and foreign policy have been progressively appropriated by the executive branch. At times, presidents have seized those powers through exigent circumstances or congressional desuetude and ineffectiveness. Just as frequently, however, Congress has been willing—if not eager—to cede those prerogatives to the president whether for the sake of expediency, emergency, efficiency, electoral maneuvering, or in a deliberate effort to deflect political consequences. This has made the country less democratic, more authoritarian, and decreasingly likely to solve complex problems that require a broad range of perspectives and thoughtful deliberation. The article explores how this abdication has occurred throughout U.S. history in a variety of areas, including U.S. foreign relations, the constitutional war powers, national emergencies, and delegations of power. This article is a revised and expanded version of the author’s presidential address at 2019 annual meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association, delivered August 1, 2019, at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

A late pleistocene human presence at Huaca Prieta, Peru, and early Pacific Coastal adaptations

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom D. Dillehay ◽  
Duccio Bonavia ◽  
Steve L. Goodbred ◽  
Mario Pino ◽  
Victor Vásquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northern Peru ◽  
Coastal Adaptations ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Early Human

Archaeological excavations in deep pre-mound levels at Huaca Prieta in northern Peru have yielded new evidence of late Pleistocene cultural deposits that shed insights into the early human occupation of the Pacific coast of South America. Radiocarbon dates place this occupation between ~ 14,200 and 13,300 cal yr BP. The cultural evidence shares certain basic technological and subsistence traits, including maritime resources and simple flake tools, with previously discovered late Pleistocene sites along the Pacific coast of Peru and Chile. The results help to expand our knowledge of early maritime societies and human adaption to changing coastal environments.

THE BEES OF ALBERTA.—I

1936 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. A. Cockerell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The University ◽  
Coast Region

It is proposed to offer a series of papers, based primarily on the material collected by Professor E. H. Strickland of the University of Alberta at Edmonton.Chelynia nitida (Cresson). This genus of parasitic bees has over twenty species in North America, the majority from the Pacific Coast region. There are two closely allied species described from females, black with cream-coloured abdominal bands. For some years I have had in my collection a male from Tolland, Colorado, July 1915, at flowers of Frasera, collected by L. A. Kenoyer, determined by me as C. nitida (Cress). I now receive a very similar but distinct male from Professor E. H. Strickland, collected by O. Peck at Beaverlodge, Alberta, July 6, 1931. I conclude that this must be the genuine C. nitida, and the Tolland one the undescribed male of the related C. idahoensis Swenk.

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