Major Limiting Factors Affecting Agricultural Use and Production

Some forms of organic matter existing in the water have direct or indirect effects on microbial growth. By the investigation data over drinking water and reclaimed water, we summarized organic limiting factors that may affect the growth of microorganisms and factors affecting these water qualities in the reclaimed water supply network, such as a variety of treatment process and the residual disinfectants. Through its comprehensive study, we want to make a contribution of opinion to control the growth of microorganisms in reclaimed water supply network.

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Future Directions in Instrumentation, Control and Automation in the Water and Wastewater Industry

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1993.0640 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (11-12) ◽

pp. 9-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Troy D. Vassos

Keyword(s):

Control Strategies ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Dynamic Modelling ◽

Simulation Software ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Time Data ◽

Training Environment ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Water And Wastewater

The need to optimize treatment plant performance and to meet increasingly stringent effluent criteria are two key factors affecting future development of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) applications in the water and wastewater industry. Two case studies are presented which highlight the need for dynamic modelling and simulation software to assist operations staff in developing effective instrumentation control strategies, and to provide a training environment for the evaluation of such strategies. One of the limiting factors to date in realizing the potential benefits of ICA has been the inability to adequately interpret the large number of existing instrumentation inputs available at treatment facilities. The number of inputs can exceed the number of control loops by up to three orders of magnitude. The integration of dynamic modelling and expert system software is seen to facilitate the interpretation of real-time data, allowing both quantitative (instrumented) and qualitative (operator input) information to be integrated for process control. Improvements in sensor reliability and performance, and the development of biological monitoring sensors and control algorithms are also discussed.

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Effect of Nitrogen and Boron in Seed Yield and Yield Attributing Characters of Broccoli

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v3i3.13348 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 541-544

Author(s):

A. Khanal

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Crop Production ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Winter Season ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Plant Nutrient ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Four Levels ◽

Major Nutrients ◽

Pod Length

Plant nutrient is one of the limiting factors affecting crop production. Nitrogen and boron are major nutrients in case of broccoli. So, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and boron in seed yield and yield attributing characters of broccoli in Rampur, Chitwan during winter season. The experiment was laid out in factorial RCBD design with four levels of nitrogen and two levels of boron. Each plot consists of 25 plants which were separated by 60 * 60 cm spacing. There are altogether eight treatments replicates thrice. Local variety Calabrese was used. Significant effect of different dose of nitrogen and boron on yield attributing characters was found. Also interactive effect of nitrogen and boron in number of pods, pod length, seed yield and number of seeds per pod was found significantly different.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 541-544

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INFORMATION MATERIALS ON THE PROTECTION OF DAYTIME LEPIDOPTERA (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIOIDEA, PAPILIONOIDEA) OF UDMURTIA: ANALYSIS OF THREATS AND LIMITING FACTORS OF SPECIES’ EXISTENCE

Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences ◽

10.35634/2412-9518-2019-29-3-337-345 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 337-345

Author(s):

D.A. Adakhovskiy

Keyword(s):

Limiting Factors ◽

Nature Management ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Population Structures ◽

Potential Risks ◽

Information Materials ◽

Regional Types ◽

Degree Of Fragmentation

The article summarizes the materials on the set of limiting criteria and factors affecting the group of threatened species of diurnal Lepidoptera of Udmurtia. The group is formed by representatives belonging to the categories "Exposed to critical danger", "Endangered" and "Vulnerable", allocated by the regional co-Zoological analysis of the fauna of Rhopalocera. A set of criteria used to identify the threatened categories includes the following indicators of limitation: arealographic (total breadth of distribution of species in the region, the degree of fragmentation of regional habitat types, trends in regional species' chorology); biotopic (quantity and quality of key habitats in the region, as well as actual and potential risks and declining trends in their quantity and quality); population (the level of localization of population structures of species). The main factors of anthropogenic impact on the habitats of moths include the regional types of nature management with landscape-scale manifestations, such as agricultural and forestry activities.

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Toward Future Installations: Mutual Interactions of Short Intakes With Modern High Bypass Fans

Journal of Turbomachinery ◽

10.1115/1.4044080 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 141 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nagabhushana Rao Vadlamani ◽

Teng Cao ◽

Rob Watson ◽

Paul G. Tucker

Keyword(s):

Pressure Fluctuations ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Small Scale ◽

Flow Distortion ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Fan Performance ◽

Shock Unsteadiness ◽

Power Spectral ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

In this paper, we investigate the coupled interaction between a new short intake design with a modern fan in a high-bypass ratio civil engine, specifically under the off-design condition of high incidence. The interaction is expected to be much more significant than that on a conventional intake. The performance of both the intake-alone and rotor-alone configurations are examined under isolation. Subsequently, a comprehensive understanding on the two-way interaction between intake and fan is presented. This includes the effect of fan on intake angles of attack (AoA) tolerance (FoI) and the effect of circumferential and radial flow distortion induced by the intake on the fan performance (IoF). In the FoI scenario, the rotor effectively redistributes the mass flow at the fan-face. The AoA tolerance of the short-intake design has increased by ≈4 deg when compared with the intake-alone configuration. Dynamic nature of distortion due to shock unsteadiness has been quantified. ST plots and power spectral density (PSD) of pressure fluctuations show the existence of a spectral gap between the shock unsteadiness and blade passing, with almost an order of magnitude difference in the corresponding frequencies. In the IoF scenario, both the “large” (O(360 deg)) and “small” scale distortion (O(10–60 deg)) induced by the intake results in a non-uniform inflow to the rotor. Sector analysis reveals a substantial variation in the local operating condition of the fan as opposed to its steady characteristic. Streamline curvature, upwash, and wake thickening are identified to be the three key factors affecting the fan performance. These underlying mechanisms are discussed in detail to provide further insights into the physical understanding of the fan-intake interaction. In addition to the shock-induced separation on the intake lip, the current study shows that shorter intakes are much more prone to the upwash effect at higher AoA. Insufficient flow straightening along the engine axis is reconfirmed to be one of the limiting factors for the short-intake design.

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Tree species preferences of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in the Campbelltown area south-west of Sydney, New South Wales

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr98087 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 509 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Stephen Phillips ◽

John Callaghan

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Faecal Pellets ◽

South West ◽

Independent Field ◽

Preferred Species ◽

Species Preferences

Tree species preferences of a koala population inhabiting a small area of forest and woodland in the Campbelltown area, south-west of Sydney, were investigated over a two-year period. In total, 2499 trees from 45 independent field sites were assessed, with tree species preferences determined on the basis of a comparative analysis of proportional data relating to the presence/absence of koala faecal pellets. The results established that grey gum (Eucalyptus punctata) and blue-leaved stringybark (E. agglomerata) were most preferred by koalas in the study area, but only when growing on shale-based substrates. The preferential utilisation of E. punctata and E. agglomerata on substrates derived from shales, compared with that recorded for the same species on sandstones, suggests that their use by koalas was influenced by differences in nutrient status between substrates. Regression analyses further identified a trend for use of at least one of the preferred species (E. punctata) to be more commonly associated with larger trees. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance to issues of resource availability and the need to reconsider, by way of a hierarchical approach, the use of food trees by koalas generally. The presence of E. punctata and E. agglomerata and their occurrence in conjunction with shale-based substrates are considered to be important limiting factors affecting the present-day distribution and abundance of koalas in the Campbelltown area.

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Response of Chickpea to Nitrogen, and a Comparison of the Factors Affecting Chickpea Seed Yield with those Affecting Wheat Grain Yield

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700024996 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

D. J. Bonfil ◽

M. J. Pinthus

Keyword(s):

Seed Development ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growth Analysis ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Wheat Grains ◽

Adjacent Field

SummaryChickpea yields in Israel are usually considerably lower than wheat yields under comparable conditions. This study aimed to examine the possible yield limiting factors in chickpeas. Increasing the availability of nitrogen during seed development by a pre-sowing application of nitrate or by nitrogen top dressing at the onset of flowering led to an increase in the percentage of nitrogen in the straw but had no significant effect on seed yield. Growth analysis of chickpeas and wheat grown in two adjacent field experiments revealed that during the fruiting period these crops accumulated similar amounts of dry matter. However, the proportion of total wheat dry matter accumulated in the wheat grains was twice the proportion of total chickpea dry matter accumulated in the chickpea seeds. It was concluded that the main intrinisic factor limiting the seed yield of chickpeas is the continuation of vegetative growth during the period of seed development, which reduces the amount of assimilate allocated to the seeds.Los factores restrictivos del rendimiento en el garbanzo

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Evaluation of the limiting factors affecting large-sized, flexible, platinum-free dye-sensitized solar cells performance: a combined experimental and equivalent circuit analysis

Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics ◽

10.1007/s10854-018-8998-z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (11) ◽

pp. 9621-9634 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. A. Chalkias ◽

A. I. Laios ◽

A. Petala ◽

G. C. Papanicolaou

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Equivalent Circuit ◽

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽

Circuit Analysis ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Equivalent Circuit Analysis ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Dye Sensitized ◽

Sensitized Solar Cells

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Application of sonication-assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Chenopodium rubrum L

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/4122-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 255-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J.I. Flores Solís ◽

P. Mlejnek ◽

K. Studená ◽

S. Procházka

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽

Transient Expression ◽

Chenopodium Rubrum ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Gus Gene ◽

Efficient Tool ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation ◽

Glucuronidase Activity ◽

Gene Coding

Chenopodium rubrum belongs to the plant species in which standard Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedures remain inefficient. We demonstrate that the employment of sonication-assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (SAAT) effectively enhanced transient expression of GUS gene coding for b-glucuronidase in Chenopodium rubrum. Further the results indicated that the age of seedlings is one of the limiting factors affecting the potency of Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection. Histochemical detection of b-glucuronidase activity revealed that two-days-old seedlings were much more susceptible to infection than ten-days-old ones. According to our results SAAT technology could provide an efficient tool for obtaining stable transformants when applied to two-days-old seedlings of Chenopodium rubrum.

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