independent field
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

223
(FIVE YEARS 108)

H-INDEX

20
(FIVE YEARS 3)

Author(s):  
В.А. Разумовская

Статья посвящена анализу некоторых изменений, происходящих в предметном поле современного переводоведения и связанных с появлением новых объектов перевода на практике и их теоретического осмысления. Случаи расширения категориальной парадигмы науки о переводе рассматриваются в контексте основных социокультурных процессов (глобализации и глокализации), поскольку ключевыми объектами рассматриваемого неовида перевода являются этнотексты, принадлежащие культурам коренных народов Сибири. Этнотексты представляют собой традиционные хранилища культурной информации и памяти уникальных этносов, некоторые из которых испытывают значительное влияние унификации, что нередко приводит к нивелированию их культурных и языковых особенностей. В настоящем исследовании предпринята попытка использования для рассмотрения проблематики декодирования информации этнотекстов методологического инструмента, ставшего в последнее время популярным в гуманитарном дискурсе – фронтира. Символическое понимание фронтира применимо к обозначению и рассмотрению в научном (переводоведческом в данном исследовании) дискурсе встречи старого и нового, изученного и неизученного, понятного и непонятного, однозначного и неоднозначного. В зоне фронтира информационная энтропия возрастает, что требует её преодоления и что в конечном счете может обеспечить дальнейшее развитие науки о переводе. Ставшая в XXI веке актуальной проблематика перевода этнотекстов отнесена в настоящей работе к новой фронтирной зоне переводоведения, в рамках которого еще предстоит решить вопросы определения механизмов изучения текстов, созданных первоначально на языках коренных народов, в зеркале этноперевода. Выделение этнопереводовения как самостоятельной области переводоведения может способствовать созданию новых возможностей для знакомства представителей «других» культур мира с уникальными языками и культурами, некоторые из которых находятся под угрозой исчезновения. Другая важная задача этноперевода определяется в отношении его использования для ревитализации и потенциальному возрождению языков коренных народов Сибири, сохранению их культурной идентичности и обеспечению культурного и языкового разнообразия современного мира, что может стать положительным исходомтекущего процесса глокализации. Некоторые вопросы формирующегося в настоящий момент этнопереводоведения рассмотрены на примере опыта перевода этнотекстов коренных народов Красноярского края и Республики Саха (Якутия). The article is devoted to the analysis of some changes taking place in the subject field of modern Translation Studies and related to the emergence of new translation objects in practice and their theoretical consideration. The cases of the categorical paradigm of the science of translation expansion are discussed in the context of the main socio-cultural processes (globalization and glocalization), since the key objects of the considered neo-type of translation are ethnic texts belonging to the cultures of the indigenous peoples of Siberia. Ethnic texts are traditional repositories of cultural information and memory of unique ethnic groups, some of which are significantly influenced by unification, which often leads to the leveling of their cultural and linguistic characteristics. In this study, an attempt is made to use a methodological tool that has recently become popular in the humanitarian discourse to consider the problems of decoding information of ethnic texts – a frontier. The symbolic interpretation of a frontier is applicable to the designation and consideration in the scholarly (Translation Studies in the present research) discourse of the meeting of the old and the new, the studied and the unexplored, the understandable and the incomprehensible, the definite and the ambiguous. In the frontier zone, information entropy increases, which requires overcoming it and ultimately can ensure the further development of the science of translation. The problems of ethnic texts translation, which have become relevant in the 21st century, are attributed in the present paper to the new frontier zone of Translation Studies, within the framework of which the issues of determining the mechanisms for studying texts originally created in the languages of indigenous peoples in the mirror of ethnic translation have yet to be resolved. The identification of ethnic translation as an independent field of Translation Studies can contribute to the creation of new opportunities for “other” cultures of the world representatives to get acquainted with unique languages and cultures, some of which are endangered. Another important task of ethnic translation is defined in relation to its use for the revitalization and potential revival of the languages of the indigenous peoples of Siberia, the preservation of their cultural identity and ensuring the cultural and linguistic diversity of the modern world, which can become a positive outcome of the current glocalization process. Some issues of the currently emerging Ethnic Translation Studies are considered on the example of the experience of translating the ethnic texts of the indigenous peoples of Krasnoyarsk Krai and the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).


Author(s):  
Kamola Shomansurovna Alautdinova

In this research paper, we aimed to analyze the basic methods of lexeme generation in the English transport logistics term system. That is the main task to identify the basic models of one-component and multi-component lexemes of the studied term system and to give a clear scientific conclusion about the effective method. One of the modern and rapidly evolving types of economy is logistics. The logistics approach allows increasing the performance and distribution of goods, increasing efficiency, reducing costs, and ensuring the quality of services. An integral part of the transport sector is an integral part of the entire logistics process. High-quality organization of supply chains requires continuous operation of all components of the process. Thus, transport logistics is a separate and independent field, which is inextricably linked with the rest of the industry.


Author(s):  
Tuğbanur DİNÇER ◽  
Ozgur Ozcan

Abstract This paper identifies pre-service physics teachers’ mental models of the concept of the electric field. The models were determined by means of five contexts all of which were supported with sets of experiments. The contexts examined were (1) the effect of the electric field on the insulator, (2) the comparison of the conductor and insulator in the electric field, (3) the effect of the electric field on the neutral conductor and insulator, (4) the effect of the electric field on the conductor liquid, and (5) the effect of the conductor and insulators materials forming a closed surface on the electric field. Semi-structured interviews related to the contexts were conducted with the 22 pre-service physics teachers. The data collected throughout the interviews were put to content analysis and thus, the pre-service teachers’ mental models were identified. In total, six mental models were identified. One model was a scientific model (Scientific Model of the Electric Field (SMEF)) and five of which were unscientific models (Magnetic-Based Field Model (MBFM), Mechanical Wave Model (MWM), Material Independent Field Model (MIFM), Force-Free Field Model (FFFM) and Force-Based Field Model (FBFM)) were identified. It became apparent as a result of document analysis that several unscientific mental models were also included in resource books. Approximately one and a half years later, almost all students were interviewed again about the contexts so as to find whether or not their models were permanent or not. Following the interviews, their mental models were found to be quite permanent and to be time-independent.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
João Cunha ◽  
Nelson Batista ◽  
Carlos Cardeira ◽  
Rui Melicio

Many industries, such as aeronautics construction are still equipped with legacy machines and are not keen to change old, however fully functional, equipment to new ones. Hence, an upgrade must be found to cope the legacy and fully functional machines to IoT technologies. This paper is a contribution to embrace those challenges in a new IoT architecture able to support the creation of solutions for Smart Industries. Internet of Things is increasing acceptance and the infrastructure for them is becoming available. This leads to an insurgence on investments and development of new dedicated IoT infrastructures. Industries need to adapt quickly to this constant technological evolution, implementing measures and connecting machines and robots at critical points to the Internet, instrumenting them using the concept of IoT, with the major goal of implementing a flexible, secure, easy to maintain and capable to evolve infrastructure, when legacy equipment is involved. The availability of machines and other critical assets directly affects the effectiveness of manufacturing operations. The architecture design offers security, flexibility, simplicity of implementation and maintenance, and is resilient to failures or attacks and technologically independent. Field tests are reported to evaluate key aspects of the proposed architecture.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Brauer

Neural networks with partially random weights are currently not really an independent field of research. However, the first works on random neural networks date back to the 1990s and in the last three decades there have been important new works in which random weights have been used and which are promising in that they give surprisingly good results when compared to approaches in which all weights are trained. These works, however, come from very different subareas of neural networks: Random Feedforward Neural Networks, Random Recurrent Neural Networks and Random ConvNets. In this paper, I analyze the most important works from these three areas and thereby follow a chronological order. I also work out the core result of each work. As a result, the reader can get a quick overview of this field of research.<br>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Brauer

Neural networks with partially random weights are currently not really an independent field of research. However, the first works on random neural networks date back to the 1990s and in the last three decades there have been important new works in which random weights have been used and which are promising in that they give surprisingly good results when compared to approaches in which all weights are trained. These works, however, come from very different subareas of neural networks: Random Feedforward Neural Networks, Random Recurrent Neural Networks and Random ConvNets. In this paper, I analyze the most important works from these three areas and thereby follow a chronological order. I also work out the core result of each work. As a result, the reader can get a quick overview of this field of research.<br>


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0248797
Author(s):  
Frederico Hintze ◽  
Ricardo B. Machado ◽  
Enrico Bernard

Species distribution modelling (SDM) gained importance on biodiversity distribution and conservation studies worldwide, including prioritizing areas for public policies and international treaties. Useful for large-scale approaches and species distribution estimates, it is a plus considering that a minor fraction of the planet is adequately sampled. However, minimizing errors is challenging, but essential, considering the uses and consequences of such models. In situ validation of the SDM outputs should be a key-step—in some cases, urgent. Bioacoustics can be used to validate and refine those outputs, especially if the focal species’ vocalizations are conspicuous and species-specific. This is the case of echolocating bats. Here, we used extensive acoustic monitoring (>120 validation points over an area of >758,000 km2, and producing >300,000 sound files) to validate MaxEnt outputs for six neotropical bat species in a poorly-sampled region of Brazil. Based on in situ validation, we evaluated four threshold-dependent theoretical evaluation metrics’ ability in predicting models’ performance. We also assessed the performance of three widely used thresholds to convert continuous SDMs into presence/absence maps. We demonstrated that MaxEnt produces very different outputs, requiring a careful choice on thresholds and modeling parameters. Although all theoretical evaluation metrics studied were positively correlated with accuracy, we empirically demonstrated that metrics based on specificity-sensitivity and sensitivity-precision are better for testing models, considering that most SDMs are based on unbalanced data. Without independent field validation, we found that using an arbitrary threshold for modelling can be a precarious approach with many possible outcomes, even after getting good evaluation scores. Bioacoustics proved to be important for validating SDMs for the six bat species analyzed, allowing a better refinement of SDMs in large and under-sampled regions, with relatively low sampling effort. Regardless of the species assessing method used, our research highlighted the vital necessity of in situ validation for SDMs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Lodhi ◽  
Ahmad Ali Harasis ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Nohman Khan ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qureshi

The relatively short history of tourism research is characterized by an ongoing debate on whether tourism is an independent academic field or an independent field of research with sole characteristics. In scientific research, tourism has been approached by different disciplines using different theoretical backgrounds and methods. That could conclude that tourism, lacking its theory and method, is merely a research object. This study is formulating the overall theoretical development of tourism research. For this purpose, two reputed databases, web of science and Scopus, are select to review the literature. Quality assessment criteria of inclusion and exclusion are followed by PRISMA statement 2015 for better results. The final 47 studies are selected after the comprehensive process. The classification of literature is a critical phase, and theories are used in tourism research are discussed in detail, and social exchange theory, theory of planned behavior, and tourism theories are more commonly discussed in the literature. The bibliometric analysis is done to find the collaborations on citations and co-occurrence of the author's keyword in the literature used. Finally, the study's findings show that tourism research is about the theories that are the focus of the literature. The surfacing of the literature is strongly recommended that the tourism research is individual discipline.


2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Valéria Csépe

A magyarországi fejlődés-pszichofiziológia három évtizedes történetét összefoglaló tanulmány a jelentősebb kutatások eredményeit négy főbb témacsoportban mutatja be. Ezek: a) a fejlődés-pszichofiziológiai módszerekkel végzett kutatások kezdetei, b) a nemzetközi kutatási kapcsolatok főbb területei, c) az eseményhez kötött agyi potenciálok módszerével végzett kutatások hazai főbb eredményei, valamint azok nemzetközi beágyazottsága és trendjei, d) a kognitív fejlődés-idegtudomány önálló területének kialakulása. Az áttekintésben hangsúlyosan jelenik meg a kutatási terület szerves kapcsolódása a pszichológia releváns ágaihoz (fejlődés-, kísérleti, kognitív pszichológia) és vizsgált életkori szakaszaihoz, beleértve a humán fejlődés fiziológiai módszereket alkalmazó pszichológiai kutatásának teljes vertikumát a tipikustól az atipikusig, a csecsemőkortól az öregedésig. The review summarizes the three-decades history of developmental psychophysiology in Hungary and presents the significant scientific achievements in four thematic domains. These are: a) the first years of research using developmental psychophysiological methods, b) the main areas of international research relations, c) the main results of research using event-related brain potentials, and their international relations and trends, d) the rise of a new independent field called cognitive developmental neuroscience. The review highlights the important links between the research area and the relevant branches of psychology (developmental, experimental, cognitive psychology) as well as the age range studied, including the entire continuum of psychological research on human development using physiological methods, from typical to atypical, and from infancy to aging.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document