Joint Development of Transboundary Natural Resources: Lessons from the Nigeria-Sao Tome and Principe Joint Development Zone

Author(s):  
Adaeze Okoye ◽  
Mariam Masini ◽  
Alache Fisho
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seokwoo Lee

Maritime disputes in the Northeast Asia region are nothing new. The Exclusive Economic Zone (eez) regime under the u.n. Convention on the Law of the Sea (unclos) spurred many coastal states, including these countries, to declare eezs. This has led Korea to conclude bilateral fishery agreements with Japan and China, with the goals of achieving sustainable fishery management in the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and the Yellow Sea, and peacefully cooperating with these countries in sharing fishery resources in the region. While not without shortcomings, the agreements provide important procedures for cooperation in fisheries management and sustaining fishery resources. In addition to competition over fishery resources, Korea and Japan agreed to establish a Joint Development Zone (jdz) in 1974. Although the Korea-Japan jdz, however, has not produced oil so far, it nevertheless serves as a model for maritime dispute resolution.


2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Qi Tang ◽  
Xiu Fang Yao ◽  
Jian Bing Peng

The extensive development vertical joints is one of the major features in the loess region. The joint destroyed the loess slope integrity, reduces the slope stability. First of all, through the field investigation and analysis the loess joint development characteristics, joint with slope tendency towards a big angle oblique, joints control slope trend. Secondly, according to the different regional slope stress analysis, tableland soil area is mainly by collapsibility tension, soil in the slope zone mainly by horizontal thrust produced by unloading effect, the slope area joint development is divided into collapsibility joint development zone, tension joint development zone, compression joint development zone and the excavation unloading joint development zone.


2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Мykhailo Broshkov ◽  
Darya Bulysheva

The study substantiates necessity for joint development of scientific structures, educational system and business sector to ensure their sustainability. The aim of the article is to define preconditions, challenges and advantages for joint development of educational, scientific and business areas in agrosharing system as general consumption of material goods, natural resources and intellectual property in agricultural sector. Forms and problems of cooperation of this system’s main constituents are given. The study determines preconditions that make impossible segmental sustainable development of education, science and business. They lie in lack of material resources, possibilities for transferring technologies into business, employees’ motivation of science and educational area and business structures’ awareness of possibilities to leverage manufacturing processes. It is obvious that agrarian sector requires special attention toward well-coordinated work of the system, which includes expensive constantly updated material and technical base, narrow focus of each individual business, necessity for practical circular monitoring research and constantly updated IT platforms for planning and anticipating agrarian businesses. To solve this problem, we have suggested agrosharing as a model of joint consumption of goods, natural resources, material and technical base and intellectual property in interactive system of education, business and science in agrarian sector.


Author(s):  
Manuel D'Assunção Do Nascimento José da Costa ◽  
Lúcio Correia Miranda

DEFORESTATION, COMMUNITY WELLNESS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: an integrated analysis in Sao Tome and Principe - AfricaDÉFORESTATION, BIEN-ÊTRE COMMUNAUTAIRE ET DÉVELOPPEMENT DURABLE: une analyse intégrée à Sao Tomé-et- Principe – AfriqueA preocupação com a natureza, frente aos impactos negativos provocados pela ação humana, tem sido objeto de grande reflexão internacional. Vários eventos já foram realizados sobre a matéria, mormente apelando à conservação dos recursos naturais e à necessidade do desenvolvimento sustentável. Entretanto, atrocidades contra a natureza têm defasado fauna e flora em diversos lugares, como é caso de São Tomé e Príncipe. Eis o objeto do presente trabalho: analisa-se a relação socioambiental no país, sobretudo as causas e efeitos da acentuada prática do desmatamento. E para tanto, usou-se uma metodologia centralizada na revisão da literatura complementada com uma análise interpretativa e reflexiva sobre os problemas ambientais. Assim, convém destacar subsídios teóricos usados: Eiffert (2010); Castro et al. (2005); Filho (2000); Rodriguez et al. ( 2009); Souza et al. (2012). Outrossim, diplomas legais que dispõem sobre a matéria foram de capital importância, sobretudo a Constituição da República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe 2003 e da Lei n.º 05/2001, Lei de Florestas. No decorrer da análise, constatou-se que o fator desmatamento registrado, em parte, está condicionado ao fator econômico (pobreza), e isso impôs à necessidade da reflexão socioeconômica em conjugação com o fator socioambiental. Por fim, instiga-se a importância de planos estratégicos para uso sustentável de recursos naturais, visando à estabilidade ecológica local. São essas reflexões que deram sustentação e especificidade no desenrolar do presente estudo, o qual se espera ensejar mais reflexões e debates sobre a matéria em epígrafe.Palavras-chave: Impacto Ambiental; Bem-estar Comunitário; São Tomé e Príncipe.ABSTRACTThe concern with nature, in the face of the negative impacts caused by human action, has been the object of great international reflection. Several events have already been held on the subject, especially appealing to the conservation of natural resources and the need for sustainable development. However, atrocities against nature have lagged fauna and flora in several places, as is the case of São Tomé and Príncipe. The objective of the present study is to analyze the socio-environmental relationship in the country, especially the causes and effects of the marked deforestation practice. For this purpose, a centralized methodology was used in the review of the literature and complemented with an interpretative and reflexive analysis on the environmental problems. Thus, it is worth mentioning the theoretical subsidies used: Eiffert (2010); Castro et al. (2005); Filho (2000); Rodriguez et al. (2009); Souza et al. (2012). In addition, the legal provisions on this matter were of paramount importance, especially the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe 2003 and Law no. 05/2001, Law on Forests. In the course of the analysis, it was found that the recorded deforestation factor, in part, is conditioned to the economic factor (poverty), and this imposed the need for socioeconomic reflection in conjunction with the socio-environmental factor. Finally, the importance of strategic plans for the sustainable use of natural resources is instigated, aiming at the local ecological stability. It is these reflections that gave support and specificity in the course of the present study, which is expected to lead to more reflections and debates on the subject in question.Keywords: Environmental Impact; Community Well-being; Sao Tome and Principe.RÉSUMÉLa préoccupation de la nature, face aux impacts négatifs causés par l'action humaine, a fait l'objet d'une grande réflexion internationale. Plusieurs événements ont déjà eu lieu sur le sujet, en particulier pour la conservation des ressources naturelles et la nécessité d'un développement durable. Cependant, les atrocités contre la nature ont retardé la faune et la flore dans plusieurs endroits, comme c'est le cas à São Tomé et Príncipe. L'objectif de la présente étude est d'analyser les relations socio-environnementales dans le pays, en particulier les causes et les effets de la pratique de la déforestation. À cette fin, une méthodologie centralisée a été utilisée dans l'examen de la littérature et complétée par une analyse interprétative et réflexive des problèmes environnementaux. Ainsi, il convient de mentionner les subventions théoriques utilisées: Eiffert (2010); Castro et al. (2005); Filho (2000); Rodriguez et al. (2009); Souza et al. (2012). En outre, les dispositions légales sur cette question revêtaient une importance primordiale, en particulier la Constitution de la République démocratique de São Tomé et Príncipe de 2003 et la Loi n ° 05/2001, Loi sur les forêts. Au cours de l'analyse, on a constaté que le facteur de déforestation enregistré, en partie, est conditionné au facteur économique (pauvreté), ce qui a imposé la nécessité d'une réflexion socio-économique en conjonction avec le facteur socio-environnemental. Enfin, l'importance des plans stratégiques pour l'utilisation durable des ressources naturelles est instigée, en vue de la stabilité écologique locale. Ce sont ces réflexions qui ont apporté un soutien et une spécificité au cours de la présente étude, ce qui devrait conduire à plus de réflexions et de débats sur le sujet en question.Mots-clés: Impact Environnemental; Bien-être Communautaire ; Sao Tomé-et-Principe.


ANCIENT LAND ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Jamila Rashadat Majidli ◽  

This article is dedicated to analysing the joint development agreements resolving or temporarily suspending maritime boundary disputes cases between Japan-South Korea, Saadia Arabia-Bahrain, and Thailand-Malaysia. Regardless of whether any delimitation line exists or not, international law allows the parties to agree on delimitation by consulting on the most appropriate conditions or jointly operate on the disputed zone, field or maritime border. If the cross-border dispute on hydrocarbon resources exists, the conclusion of a unitization agreement is not ruled out by the international practice as much. This article identifies the features of the joint development agreements, divides them into the three models recognized internationally, analyzes the main characteristics of each model of the joint development agreements through historical important precedents. Furthermore, the research lets daylight into the essential statements that regulate the fiscal regime, share proportion issues, the sovereign right, and the right to use subsoil and the seabed, within the agreements. Key words: Maritime boundary disputes, joint development agreements, unitization agreements, delimitation, joint development zone, international cases, demarcation of the continental shelf, seabed, disputes on petroleum reservoir, oil fields, production share agreements


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