Shall Regulators Introduce Special Rules for Robo Advising Services?

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-198
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Alekseenko
Keyword(s):  
Special Rules ◽  
Advising Services

The Necessity and Ways of Legitimation of Large-scale Private Property in Russia: Raising a Problem

2007 ◽  
pp. 4-26
Author(s):  
G. Yavlinsky
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Russian People ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Historical Tradition ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Economic Assets

Results of privatization campaign in 1990’s continue to meet strong opposition from a very considerable part of Russian people and authorities actually refuse to consider the rights of private owners legitimate and not subject to violation. One of the reasons for this, besides historical tradition, is a specific nature of Russian privatization of 1990’s. The article brings to discussion a set of measures aimed at overcoming its negative consequences. While insisting on the need to honor all previous government obligations and commitments, the paper proposes a one-time special tax (windfall tax) to be levied on those who benefited most from privatization deals that were not just and fair, and special rules to be set for the use and sale of economic assets of national importance. The author also considers possible ways to legitimize private property, as well as chances to achieve а broad public consensus on this issue in Russia.

Analysis of geodetic and legal documentation in the process of expropriation for roads. Krakow case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Anna Trembecka
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
The City

Abstract Amendment to the Act on special rules of preparation and implementation of investment in public roads resulted in an accelerated mode of acquisition of land for the development of roads. The decision to authorize the execution of road investment issued on its basis has several effects, i.e. determines the location of a road, approves surveying division, approves construction design and also results in acquisition of a real property by virtue of law by the State Treasury or local government unit, among others. The conducted study revealed that over 3 years, in this mode, the city of Krakow has acquired 31 hectares of land intended for the implementation of road investments. Compensation is determined in separate proceedings based on an appraisal study estimating property value, often at a distant time after the loss of land by the owner. One reason for the lengthy compensation proceedings is challenging the proposed amount of compensation, unregulated legal status of the property as well as imprecise legislation. It is important to properly develop geodetic and legal documentation which accompanies the application for issuance of the decision and is also used in compensation proceedings.

Slinger Personal Protection System at Load-Lifting Mechanism Operation Employing Radio-Frequency Identification Devices

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
A.A. Korotkiy ◽  
◽  
E.V. Egelskaya ◽  
V.V. Egelskiy ◽  
A.A. Maslennikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Personal Protection Equipment ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Hazardous Production ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Hazardous Zone ◽  
Special Working

The rapid implementation of information technologies into all strata of the civil society activities has already significantly modified lives of every citizen, including production processes. The usual practice is using electronic safety devices in the technical units, including hoisting cranes. The consumer market offers remote control systems for equipment; continuous video surveillance over workflows is widely employed. Unmanned productions and unmanned technologies are being implemented, which is especially relevant at operation of potentially harmful and hazardous units. However, for a human actively participating in workflows, control and maintenance of technical devices, his/her safety during fulfillment of working functions is still a matter of great importance. In Russia, the requirements to production employees safety are determined by legislative and regulatory documents in the sphere of labor protection. Special rules of industrial safety are applied to hazardous production facilities. An important aspect of slinger protection against hazardous and harmful factors of production during operation of a hoisting crane as well as observing production discipline is using personal protection equipment and special working clothes. The constant monitoring of safety requirements in order to ensure their implementation in the real-time mode via the RFID-tags integrated into the elements of personal protection equipment and special working clothes is substantiated. The information on slinger location and availability of the required protection equipment within the hazardous zone of hoisting crane operation received to a mobile device of a person responsible for safe operation enables control of the situation, prevention of adverse events and minimization of risk of injury.

Human–Robot Interaction: When Investors Adjust the Usage of Robo-Advisors in Peer-to-Peer Lending

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyi Ge ◽  
Zhiqiang (Eric) Zheng ◽  
Xuan Tian ◽  
Li Liao
Keyword(s):  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Peer Lending ◽  
Advising Services

We study the human–robot interaction of financial-advising services in peer-to-peer lending (P2P). Many crowdfunding platforms have started using robo-advisors to help lenders augment their intelligence in P2P loan investments. Collaborating with one of the leading P2P companies, we examine how investors use robo-advisors and how the human adjustment of robo-advisor usage affects investment performance. Our analyses show that, somewhat surprisingly, investors who need more help from robo-advisors—that is, those encountered more defaults in their manual investing—are less likely to adopt such services. Investors tend to adjust their usage of the service in reaction to recent robo-advisor performance. However, interestingly, these human-in-the-loop interferences often lead to inferior performance.

Debt transfer agreement by the creditor: legal forms, procedure, meaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-72
Author(s):  
Iurii S. Povarov
Keyword(s):  
Main Attention ◽  
Dialectical Logic ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Special Scientific ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Regulation

The work catalogs and studies in detail (including in a comparative legal section) various legal forms of the creditor's approval of the transfer of debt by virtue of the transaction and on the grounds provided for by law. The main attention, first of all, is paid to debatable issues regarding the ratio of centralized and individual regulation of the relevant relations, the variety of ways to agree on the transfer of debt (models consent is a unilateral transaction, consent as a condition of the contract, etc.), the nature of the impact of (not) giving permission by the creditor on the fate of an agreement on the transfer of debt obligations concluded without his participation, comparison of the modes of preliminary and subsequent approval. The methodological basis of the research was formed by general theoretical (formal and dialectical logic) and special scientific (legal-dogmatic, interpretation of legal norms, legal modeling, comparative legal) methods. As a result, the author substantiates the feasibility of adjusting the legal provisions in the direction of a clear pairing of general instructions on consent to a transaction and special rules on consent to the transfer of debt, as well as in order to eliminate uncertainty about the actual moments of obtaining an approving creditor's will (subject of agreement, the essence of the nullity of the transfer of debt, admissibility the use of constructions of impersonal previously given and subsequent consent, etc.).

Criminal Liability of Athletes for Damage Caused as a Result of Violation of the Rules of Sports Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
D. A. Bezborodov ◽  
◽  
R. M. Kravchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Sports Training ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with issues related to the characteristics of the qualification of causing injury or death to an athlete during sports events. The article analyzes the possibility of applying the provisions of certain circumstances that exclude the criminality of the act. Take into account that the relationship between the participants of sports competitions and sports training, while relationships at the same time are not regulated by the law and sports regulations sports, and the internal rules of sports organizations, defining the organization of the training process. Therefore, the issues related to the influence of special rules regulating the procedure for conducting sports competitions and other sporting events on the features of criminal liability (in particular, guilt), both athletes and other persons who ensure the conduct of sports events, are studied specifically. It is taken into account that modern legislation and law enforcement often ignores this requirement, which, in particular, is expressed in the failure to include the facts of sports injuries in the list of crimes in the field of sports. First of all, the article analyzes the issues of criminal-legal assessment of an athlete's act in the event of injury to health or death to another athlete, given that in sports, harm is usually caused unintentionally, by negligence. Therefore, the work analyzes the risks, harm to health, as well as measures that should have been taken by the organizers of the competition to avoid causing harm, taking into account that all these issues are evaluative. The characteristic of harming an athlete while observing the rules of events by his opponent is given. The question of how the rules relating to a particular sport can exempt a person from liability for causing harm is being investigated.

Significant choice-of-law interests and its impact on the formation of choice-of-law regulation in the field of intellectual property

2021 ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Svetlana I. Krupko
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Choice Of Law ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Special Rules

This article analyzes the choice-of-law interests of specific and potential participants in the relations of intellectual property rights and the state in order to establish the closest connection of the above type of relation with the state, whose law should be applied. Taking into account the directionality of significant choice-of-law interests, advantages and disadvantages of territorial and universal approaches, a theoretically based solution is proposed for the formation of a general choice-of-law rule on the law to be applied to the relation of intellectual property rights. It was revealed in the study that the diversity of the relations of intellectual property rights (their obligatory and non-obligatory, property and personal non-property nature, other differences in legal features) does not automatically generate a multidirectionality of significant choice-of-law interests that should be taken into account when establishing a close connection of the above type of the relation with the state for determination of applicable law, does not prevent the formation of a general choice-of-law rule for the relations of intellectual property rights in general and does not unequivocally testify in favor of the specialization of its binding. However, the diversity of the relations of intellectual property rights should be examined and evaluated for the feasibility and limits of exceptions from the general choice-of-law rule and the development of special rules for resolving certain private of the relations of intellectual property rights.

Law Enforcement on Child Sexual Abuse in Manado City

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Nontje Rimbing ◽  
Meiske T. Sondakh ◽  
Eske N. Worang
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Special Rules

This study investigates child sexual abuse cases that remain high in Manado as well as its law enforcement against the perpetrators, especially for underage perpetrators. By using a normative legal method, this research paper aims to examine legal materials, namely the Criminal Code and the Child Protection Law No. 35 of 2014 by collecting empirical data about law enforcement by the North Sulawesi Regional Police. The findings indicate that the law enforcement on underage perpetrators depends on the investigators in charge, in principle, under Law no. 35 of 2014, and they are detained in Child Care Centers of Tomohon. Also, this research specifically underlined that law enforcement against underage perpetrators has followed the procedures of the juvenile justice system, while the victims do need special attention of institutions outside the police. To ensure the rights to education in detention, this study suggests to make special rules regarding the obligation of teachers to provide private lessons.

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