Ways to optimize the training process for the development special working capacity of skiers-racers

The article considers the development of special working capacity of skiers-racers with the use of work-rest regimes, which is an effective means of selective influence on the indicators of general and special working capacity, coordination structure of movements, reactions of body service systems. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of different modes of alternation of work with rest and the tasks of action in the training lesson when using the segment of 1000-2000 m on the change of individual elements of technology, speed, speed endurance when overcoming climbs. Objective of the study: to determine the cumulative effect of the use of different modes of alternation of work with rest on the change of the main indicators of special performance of skiers in the process of training lessons. The research methodology consisted of the use of repeated functional loads. A technical and tactical model of competitive behavior at a distance in the process of training and competition depending on the conditions and relief of the competitive distance is proposed. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of training programs at different stages of sports training showed the advantage of the method of development of special ability to work, based on the principle of selective and variable influence of lesson models with known effects on the athlete. The results of research allow us to create models of training lessons that selectively affect different body systems and contribute to more accurate management of the development of special working ability. The use of these models in the general structure of the methodology for the development of special working capacity creates an opportunity to comprehensively influence the person as a complex organized system of self-regulation. The practical use of the research results optimizes the process of sports training management for a longer period of time.

A Study On Adapted Similitude Modeling Method of Turboexpander with Different Gas Working Fluids

The study on similitude modeling method of turboexpander with different working fluids is not only the key technical means and necessary method for the research and development of turboexpander with special working fluids, but also an effective way to further expand the application scope of turboexpander. In this paper, a new similitude modeling method (NSMM), which is based on dimensional analysis, actual characteristics of real gas and seven similitude criteria, is proposed. On the basis of modeling criterion p4, the new similitude relationship of turboexpander with different gas working fluids is obtained based on rotational speed, inlet total temperature, specific heat ratio and gas constant. Aiming at NSMM, the similitude modeling performance of turboexpander with air, methane, CO2 and helium is verified by using Computational Fluid Dynamics method. The results show that the modeling effects on aerodynamic performance are well predicted in a wide range including the design point (expansion ratio 2.9~5.0), and the errors of the total-to-total isentropic efficiency, relative equivalent mass flow rate, relative equivalent shaft power are less than 0.74%, 1.94% and 1.69%, respectively. Methane and CO2 have the best modeling performance, their errors of efficiency, relative equivalent mass flow rate and relative equivalent shaft power are all less than 0.5%; Furthermore, the NSMM also has pinpoint accuracy with the prediction of internal flow field, which provides a good idea for further research on special working fluid turboexpander and an approach to expand the application scope of turboexpanders.

Slinger Personal Protection System at Load-Lifting Mechanism Operation Employing Radio-Frequency Identification Devices

The rapid implementation of information technologies into all strata of the civil society activities has already significantly modified lives of every citizen, including production processes. The usual practice is using electronic safety devices in the technical units, including hoisting cranes. The consumer market offers remote control systems for equipment; continuous video surveillance over workflows is widely employed. Unmanned productions and unmanned technologies are being implemented, which is especially relevant at operation of potentially harmful and hazardous units. However, for a human actively participating in workflows, control and maintenance of technical devices, his/her safety during fulfillment of working functions is still a matter of great importance. In Russia, the requirements to production employees safety are determined by legislative and regulatory documents in the sphere of labor protection. Special rules of industrial safety are applied to hazardous production facilities. An important aspect of slinger protection against hazardous and harmful factors of production during operation of a hoisting crane as well as observing production discipline is using personal protection equipment and special working clothes. The constant monitoring of safety requirements in order to ensure their implementation in the real-time mode via the RFID-tags integrated into the elements of personal protection equipment and special working clothes is substantiated. The information on slinger location and availability of the required protection equipment within the hazardous zone of hoisting crane operation received to a mobile device of a person responsible for safe operation enables control of the situation, prevention of adverse events and minimization of risk of injury.

Comprehensive Analysis of Electric Field Characteristics for Multi-Winding Medium Frequency Transformer

The multi-winding medium frequency transformer (MMFT) has attracted widespread attention, since its application in power electronic transformers can simplify the system structure and reduce the volume and weight. However, the special working conditions of MMFT due to high voltage and high power density increase the difficulty of insulation design for MMFT. For this issue, this paper presents a comprehensive analysis of electric filed characteristics for MMFT. First, the electric field model of MMFT is established using the 2-D finite element method. Based on it, the influences of connection mode, core structure, and hollow winding on the electric field characteristics of MMFT are studied, including the overall electric field distribution, maximum electric field intensity, and the electric field intensity along a fixed path. The results show that there are differences in the maximum electric field intensity for different connection modes and different core structures, which provides references for MMFT insulation design. The proposed modeling method and analysis results in this paper are important for insulation improvement of MMFT.

Features of construction of training microcycles in the competitive period at preparation of student's teams in football

As the results of this study show, the activity of football players is mostly dynamic, where periods of significant work alternate with periods of relative relaxation. Functional training of football players of student teams should be considered as an important element of a comprehensive approach to improving the sports and technical skills of players. In this regard, the control system for special physical training can be considered as one of the components of management technology for training football teams of student teams, and its further improvement should be associated with in-depth study of biological patterns of human age and features of adaptive changes in specific conditions training and competitive loads. At the present stage of football development, a significant amount of research has been performed to study the motor activity of football players in the conditions of competitions, as a result of which data on the nature and scope of players' actions with and without the ball were obtained. The article considers the characteristic features of the construction of training microcycles in the competitive period in the preparation of student teams in football. The dynamics of special working capacity and functional state of NUFVSU football players in the competitive period of training is investigated. It is determined that in the construction of rational variants of competitive microcycles of different duration it is necessary to proceed from a differentiated approach, which provides a different structure of microcycles for the training of attackers, midfielders and defenders. The need to take into account the duration of recovery of the most significant indicators of special performance and functional status of players of different roles has been proved. Based on the study and identified patterns of changes in individual indicators of special performance of football players of the NUFVSU team after competitive loads, depending on their game role, models of competitive microcycles of different duration were developed: short (3 days); medium (5 days); optimal (7 days).

A Drowned Diver – Four Expert Witness Opinions – Who is Right?

BACKGROUND: The paper describes the case of a drowned diver in the Adriatic Sea near Pula, Croatia. CASE PRESENTATION: The deceased diver had not been trained at any Health and Safety at Work programs nor had he been examined by the occupational medicine (OM) specialist. The pathologist in Pula concluded that this accident was caused by drowning and that diver’s blood was saturated with 38% carboxyhemoglobin (COHb). The second pathologist in Zagreb concluded that the diver drowned due to atherosclerosis sickness but that COHb was not present in his blood. The third expert witness from Forensics in Rijeka evaluated that the diver died due to increased exertion while diving, due to atherosclerosis and weakened heart. The fourth, the OM specialist expert witness from Rijeka, explained that the diver was a healthy athlete who died due to faulty diving equipment. CONCLUSION: Persons who work under the special working conditions should be examined at an Occupational medicine department as well as trained for work in a safe way. Periodical examinations and permanent training courses should be provided. That way the risk of fatal accidents would be reduced to a minimum.

Occupational Health and Safety Management in Terms of Special Employee Needs – Case Study

Every employer is responsible for ensuring safe and hygienic working conditions. According to the Labor Code and the relevant regulations, the elements of safe and hygienic working conditions in each enterprise are very similar. Differences arise when a specific industry or special psychophysical needs of an employee are taking into consideration. There is a specific group of employees for whom the working conditions organized by the employer in terms of occupational health and safety differ from the average working conditions. In the paper the needs, limitations and psychophysical possibilities of professionally active employees with sensory integration disorders are analyzed. In this purpose the direct interview with elements of open observation was used as the research method. The results presented in this paper are the small part (initial diagnosis) of the large project. Preliminary conclusions confirm the difficulty of adapting employees with sensory integration disorders to a universal work environment and the great need to organize special working conditions for them.

Animals and We

Many peoples like to have dogs or cats at home. They buy one or more animals (for example, cats, dogs, squirrels, rabbits and even tigers). It demands to apply many efforts to keep such animals in good conditions into the flat: to feed, to bring up, to train, to take a walk (not less than twice a day) and so forth. Sometimes, unfortunately, it’s very different to make all kinds of these works especially if the man has the declining years. In this case now and then it is rather difficult to take a walk. There are, for examples, the next reasons: it is raining now; too cold weather or/and strong wind; age; laziness; illness; tiredness; have no time enough because you are busy and so on. About how to get over these problems there is the description in this article. The gist of our novelty is connected with the special working principles (as a cage for a dog) and some important information about our behavior both at home and with the domestic animals (dogs).

Features of psychophysiological characteristics in skilled boxers

Purpose: to study the features of psychophysiological characteristics in qualified boxers with different levels of performance. Material and methods. The study used the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological information, Internet sources and generalization of practical experience, psychophysiological research methods, methods of mathematical statistics. A dynamometer «Spuderg» designed by M.P. Savchyn was used to assess the special performance. The index of creatine phosphate working capacity of boxers was determined (according to the test of the boxer's strikes fulfillment for 8 seconds at maximum speed). We examined 26 qualified boxers, members of the national team of Kiev at the age of 18-24 years. According to the creatine phosphate working capacity index, all boxers were divided into two conditional groups. The first group with a high level of working capacity (from 200 and more USD) and the group with a low level of special working capacity (below 200 USD). The first group included 12 people, the second - 14 athletes. Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, it was revealed that a high level of special performance in qualified boxers is provided by a high lability of the nervous system and the speed of processing of visual information with simultaneous control over spontaneous actions under conditions of motor response. During the study, an assessment was made of: complex sensorimotor reactions (functional mobility of nervous processes; reaction to a moving object), specific perceptions (reaction rate to non-verbal stimuli). Conclusions. The study made it possible to establish that boxers with a high level of special working capacity have a balance between the processes of arousal and inhibition, while boxers with a reduced level of working capacity have a predominance of arousal processes and high values of impulsivity, which indicate the presence of spontaneous, unprepared actions when responding to external irritants. The connection between the quality and speed of perception of visual information and special performance in qualified boxers was also revealed. Keywords: qualified boxers, psychophysiological characteristics, special working capacity, types of control

Succinic acid derivatives: influence on the metabolic factors of the development of fatigue and working capacity under physical loads

A study has been carried out on the effect of the domestic pharmacological armadin long preparation (2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate) on the physical working capacity of athletes under the maximum in-tensity force loads characteristic of modern sports. Since pharmacology in sports is constantly searching for non-toxic drugs of the metabolithotropic origin that would have the ability to promote physical efficiency and slow down fatigue without toxic effects on the body, we have chosen for our research a drug based on succinic acid, which is a natural metabolite of the Krebs cycle. It has been shown that the armadin long preparation, when applied on a course for three weeks, positively affects the parameters of special working capacity associated with the improvement of the oxygen-transport function of blood. The metabolic basis of this phenomenon is the inhibition of a decrease in the pH of the internal environment of the body with the subsequent development of lactate-acidosis and the ability of the armadin long drug to accelerate the processes of angiogenesis, and, accordingly, the transport of oxygen to the athlete’s working muscles. The intensity of the formation of new growth factor (VEGF). Such data substantiate the expediency of the use of succinic acid-based agents to prevent negative metabolic changes and to slow down the onset of fatigue in athletes under intense physical loads