Detail Design

2022 ◽  
pp. 233-334
Author(s):  
Richard Mark French
Keyword(s):  
Detail Design

MODELING AN ABBREVIATED PRODUCT DESIGN CYCLE IN A FIRST-YEAR ENGINEERING DESIGN COURSE

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Kristine Sheridan ◽  
Jason A Foster ◽  
Geoffrey S Frost
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Project ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Praxis Ii ◽  
Engineering Communication ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Praxis I ◽  
Design Experience

All Engineering Science students at the University of Toronto take the cornerstone Praxis Sequence of engineering design courses. In the first course in the sequence, Praxis I, students practice three types of engineering design across three distinct design projects. Previously the final design project had the students first frame and then develop conceptual design solutions for a self-identified challenge. While this project succeeded in providing an appropriate foundational design experience, it failed to fully prepare students for the more complex design experience in Praxis II. The project also failed to ingrain the need for clear and concise engineering communication, and the students’ lack of understanding of detail design inhibited their ability to make practical and realistic design decisions. A revised Product Design project in Praxis I was designed with the primary aims of: (a) pushing students beyond the conceptual design phase of the design process, and (b) simulating a real-world work environment by: (i) increasing the interdependence between student teams and (ii) increasing the students’ perceived value of engineering communication.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Moisture and Decay Models for a New Design Framework for Decay Prediction of Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Jonas Niklewski ◽  
Philip Bester van Niekerk ◽  
Christian Brischke ◽  
Eva Frühwald Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Digital Performance ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Service Life Design ◽  
Life Design

Performance-based, service-life design of wood has been the focus of much research in recent decades. Previous works have been synthesized in various factorized design frameworks presented in the form of technical reports. Factorization does not consider the non-linear dependency between decay-influencing effects, such as between detail design and climate variables. The CLICKdesign project is a joint European effort targeting digital, performance-based specification for service-life design (SLD) of wood. This study evaluates the feasibility of using a semi-empirical moisture model (SMM) as a basis for a digital SLD framework. The performance of the SMM is assessed by comparison against a finite element model (FEM). In addition, two different wood decay models (a logistic, LM, and simplified logistic model (SLM)) are compared. While discrepancies between the SMM and FEM were detected particularly at high wood moisture content, the overall performance of the SMM was deemed sufficient for the application. The main source of uncertainty instead stems from the choice of wood decay model. Based on the results, a new method based on pre-calculated time series, empirical equations, and interpolation is proposed for predicting the service life of wood. The method is fast and simple yet able to deal with non-linear effects between weather variables and the design of details. As such, it can easily be implemented as part of a digital design guideline to provide decision support for architects and engineers, with less uncertainty than existing factorized guidelines.

Engineering Slidable Graphical User Interfaces with Slime

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (EICS) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Arthur Sluÿters ◽  
Jean Vanderdonckt ◽  
Radu-Daniel Vatavu
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Graphical User Interfaces ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Transition Diagram ◽  
New Device ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Uml Class Diagram ◽  
The Impact

Intra-platform plasticity regularly assumes that the display of a computing platform remains fixed and rigid during interactions with the platform in contrast to reconfigurable displays, which can change form depending on the context of use. In this paper, we present a model-based approach for designing and deploying graphical user interfaces that support intra-platform plasticity for reconfigurable displays. We instantiate the model for E3Screen, a new device that expands a conventional laptop with two slidable, rotatable, and foldable lateral displays, enabling slidable user interfaces. Based on a UML class diagram as a domain model and a SCRUD list as a task model, we define an abstract user interface as interaction units with a corresponding master-detail design pattern. We then map the abstract user interface to a concrete user interface by applying rules for the reconfiguration, concrete interaction, unit allocation, and widget selection and implement it in JavaScript. In a first experiment, we determine display configurations most preferred by users, which we organize in the form of a state-transition diagram. In a second experiment, we address reconfiguration rules and widget selection rules. A third experiment provides insights into the impact of the lateral displays on a visual search task.

A discussion on ship technology in the 1980s - An integrated approach to design and production

1972 ◽  
Vol 273 (1231) ◽  
pp. 99-118
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Design And Production

The paper briefly surveys some of the computer based systems now available for the preliminary design of ships up to the final tendering stage; the paper then outlines techniques currently used for the computer production of control tapes for plate definition and cutting etc., by numerical control and/or the presentation of information through automatic draughting. Research now in progress which will extend from the preliminary design into the detail design of steelwork is described, and a system is discussed by which the first phase of real integration of design and production will be produced for use by the industry in the next few years. The final part of the paper suggests some of the longer term and comprehensive developments towards integration which could be undertaken during the latter part of the 1970s in order to meet what may be the design and production requirements for the 1980s. An attempt is also made to assess both the need and advantages of integration for the shipbuilding industry quite apart from the exciting challenge any solutions will present to those concerned with the furthering of an inter-disciplinary and systems approach to industrial advancement.

scholarly journals New technical advances in swivel walkers

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stallard ◽  
B. Lomas ◽  
P. Woollam ◽  
I. R. Farmer ◽  
N. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Disabled Patients ◽  
Manual Handling ◽  
The Uk

Swivel walkers were commonly prescribed for children with complete thoracic lesion myelomeningocele in the 1970s and 80s, when the incidence of spina bifida in the UK was of the order of 3 per 100,000 live births. The advent of reciprocal walking orthoses provided a more suitable alternative for those with good upper limb and trunk function, and swivel walkers were then used primarily for very young or more severely disabled patients. Prenatal screening has dramatically reduced the incidence of spina bifida in the UK and subsequently swivel walkers have been used in a wider range of pathology, including spinal muscular atrophy, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy and other neurological conditions that lead to lower limb dysfunction. The detail design of these devices has been adapted to accommodate the specific problems encountered in these conditions. In particular the designs have been updated to: enable very young patients to be more readily fitted at the age of 1 year; allow the walking mechanisms to be conveniently adjusted for easier ambulation when weakness or lack of confidence inhibits performance; permit simple adjustment to a standing frame mode to enhance stability in situations of increased risk; promote manual handling practice that is compatible with the National Health Service (NHS) policy of compliance with relevant regulations. To underpin appropriate prescription and safe supply the NHS Procurement Agency have encouraged the development of a common course for all types of swivel walker.

Machine Learning in Computer Vision Software for Geomechanics Modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelwahab Noufal ◽  
Jaijith Sreekantan ◽  
Rachid Belmeskine ◽  
Mohamed Amri ◽  
Abed Benaichouche
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Earth Model ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Wellbore Instability ◽  
Detail Design

Abstract AI-GEM (Artificial Intelligence of Geomechanics Earth Modelling) tool aims to detect the geomechanical features, especially the elastic parameters and stresses. Characterizing the wellbore instability issues is one of the factors increases cost of drilling and creating an AI-based tool will enhance and present a real-time solution for wellbore instability. These features are usually interpreted manually, depending on the experience and usually impacted by inconsistencies due to biased or unexperienced interpreters. Therefore, there is a need for a robust automatic or semiautomatic approach to reduce time, manual efficiency and consistency. The range of Geomechanics issues is wide and interfaces with many other upstream disciplines (e.g., Petrophysics, Geophysics, Production Geology, Drilling and Reservoir Engineering). Safe and effective field operation is built on the understanding and implementation of the subsurface in-situ stress state throughout the life of the field; the quantification of key subsurface uncertainties through well thought-out data gathering and characterization programs. The integration with appropriate Geomechanics modelling and the field surveillance /monitoring strategy. There are two major aspects that must be addressed during the design phase of any Geomechanics project. The first and most important is developing a realistic estimate of the expected mechanical behaviour of the rocks and its potential response as a result of drilling. The second is to design an economic, safe well and support method for the determined rocks behaviour. The design process begins with the feasibility study followed by preliminary design, the detail design, tender design and throughout the construction. The design is constantly updated during each phase as more information becomes available and this requires the involvement of Geologists, Engineers and Subject Matter Expert throughout the phases of a project. A central concern for all geomechanical designs is the well-rock interaction, which is not only includes the final state but also the transient effects of the well processes as well as time and stress of the dependent rock properties. The end-to-end workflow to achieve the mechanical earth model is automated, guided and orchestrated with the help of machine learning framework such as recommendation engine for offset well data, prediction of well logs, and optimization for all calibration with existing test results, enabling end users to run sensitivity and scenario analysis so on and so forth.

The Quadrimaran Reexamined

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Hockberger
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Marine Vehicles ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Marine Industry ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Met Expectations

The Quadrimaran was invented in France in the mid-1980s by Daniel Tollet. It was an inspired design and a radical departure from traditional ship design by a man from outside the marine industry unconstrained by industry technical practices and education. Technical experts could see it would entail more structure and subsystems than other high-performance vessels, but its promise was that those penalties would be more than offset by its claimed low power and fuel consumption. A prototype/demonstrator, Alexander, was built in 1990 and operated for five years carrying and impressing many hundreds of riders. Alexander performed beautifully and appeared to bear out what was claimed. Contracts for several Quadrimarans of different sizes came quickly, especially considering how conservative an industry this is. That was significantly due to Tollet's personal charisma and skill in selling riders on the dream of carrying passengers and freight over the water fast and in comfort, yet economically. Great skepticism prevailed in some quarters, especially among naval architects knowledgeable about AMVs (advanced marine vehicles) and early-stage whole-ship design. At technical meetings, one Quadrimaran principal would comment, for example, "Why would you carry freight across the Atlantic at 38 knots on 230,000 horsepower (a reference to the planned Fastship Atlantic TG-770) when you could do it at 60 knots on only 65,000 horsepower?" Listeners would ask how this could be possible, and he would assert again that the Quadrimaran could do it, but would decline to explain. Respected technical people were working with Tollet and his company and becoming convinced of the Quadrimaran's merit. Along with the contracts came engineers with experience in ship detail design and construction (very different from early-stage whole-ship design), or responsibilities for assessing and approving ships for service. Others were with engine and equipment suppliers. Their opinion that there was something unique and special about the Quadrimaran gave it credibility and influenced more people to accept the major claims made for it. Some dismissed the most extreme claims but still accepted the idea that the Quadrimaran was capable of unusually high performance - considerably less than was being claimed, perhaps, but high nevertheless. In hindsight it is clear the skeptics were right. Results never met expectations, nor could they have. In reality, the Quadrimaran has aspects that inherently prevent it from achieving the characteristics and performance its inventor believed attainable. It cannot be built in a commercially useful size and actually perform as intended. Why this is so will be explained. A crucial fact in the Quadrimaran's history is that Daniel Tollet and his close associates believed strongly that naval architects and engineers who had been immersed in working with the existing ship types would be unable to give the Quadrimaran the very different treatment they believed it required. (Their own educations and professional work were nontechnical.) Such people were excluded from the development of Quadrimaran designs, and the belated discovery of many fundamental technical problems can be attributed to this. The company Tollet established had a number of names over the years, and other associated entities were created at times for various purposes. In this paper they are referred to collectively as QIH (Quadrimaran International Holdings) so as not to confuse things unnecessarily. In 2004 QuadTech Marine LLC was established and acquired the Quadrimaran patent (US Patent No. 5,191,849) and related intellectual property from QIH. QuadTech laid out an extensive R&D program to close gaps in the technical background and address identified issues. In the process, additional information on earlier QIH projects and products was obtained and studied, which brought to light problems that significantly compromised the Quadrimaran's prospective performance and utility. The resulting much-reduced set of potential uses and users led the company to effectively stop pursuing Quadrimaran projects after 2009. (Note: The author was Chief Technology Officer for QuadTech Marine during 2006-9, studying the Quadrimaran and planning the R&D.)

Three Dimensional Grillage Analysis of Reactions on Supports of a Pre-Erection Block

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungchan Kim ◽  
Cheolho Ryu ◽  
Youngho Kim ◽  
Changbong Han ◽  
Dong Geun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Grillage Analysis ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Reaction Forces

There are many PE(Pre-Erection) Blocks in open areas of the shipyard, which are supported by the wooden, concrete, or steel supports. Their position and numbers are decided on a basis of the workers’ experiences. Recently, many shipyards have been making PE blocks with various shape and weight distribution because of the variety of kinds of ships and their building technology. Seriously, they are treating blocks which have not been experienced. In order to evaluate the reliability of all support plans of PE Blocks in such situation, many man hours (MH) are consumed, and the special knowledge and technology about structural analysis are required. We proposed how to conveniently and quickly evaluate the structural safety on PE block supports and developed an application system to implement the evaluation process with three dimensional part models of the PE block and their weight information. The evaluation is based on the simplification to a grillage model of a PE block and its grillage analysis. The load distribution on the grillage model is calculated by two approaches. The first is that the load distribution on the grillage nodes are estimated with the real weight and the center of gravity of each part of a PE block, which can be provided from design databases of the shipyard. The other is that the load distribution is optimally estimated only with the weight and the center of gravity of sub blocks of a PE block. The latter is useful in the case that block information of mother ships can be obtained without the detail design of the PE block. The integrated system has been comprehensively implemented in order to make the grillage model from the three dimensional CAD models of the PE block and their weight information, and to perform the grillage analysis for the reaction forces on the block supports. In the application program, the grillage model can be automatically built from CAD models of PE block. Also the grillage can be modified by inserting, splitting, and deleting a beam element.

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