Complement Interactions with Blood Cells, Endothelial Cells and Microvesicles in Thrombotic and Inflammatory Conditions

2015 ◽  
pp. 19-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Karpman ◽  
Anne-lie Ståhl ◽  
Ida Arvidsson ◽  
Karl Johansson ◽  
Sebastian Loos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

scholarly journals Screening for Interacting Proteins with Peptide Biomarker of Blood–Brain Barrier Alteration under Inflammatory Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4725
Author(s):  
Karina Vargas-Sanchez ◽  
Monica Losada-Barragán ◽  
Maria Mogilevskaya ◽  
Susana Novoa-Herrán ◽  
Yehidi Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Peptide Ligand ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by increased permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) due to alterations in cellular and structural components of the neurovascular unit, particularly in association with neuroinflammation. A previous screening study of peptide ligands to identify molecular alterations of the BBB in neuroinflammation by phage-display, revealed that phage clone 88 presented specific binding affinity to endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions in vivo and in vitro. Here, we aimed to identify the possible target receptor of the peptide ligand 88 expressed under inflammatory conditions. A cross-link test between phage-peptide-88 with IL-1β-stimulated human hCMEC cells, followed by mass spectrometry analysis, was used to identify the target of peptide-88. We modeled the epitope–receptor molecular interaction between peptide-88 and its target by using docking simulations. Three proteins were selected as potential target candidates and tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with peptide-88: fibronectin, laminin subunit α5 and laminin subunit β-1. Among them, only laminin subunit β-1 presented measurable interaction with peptide-88. Peptide-88 showed specific interaction with laminin subunit β-1, highlighting its importance as a potential biomarker of the laminin changes that may occur at the BBB endothelial cells under pathological inflammation conditions.

Identification of human chronic myelogenous leukemia progenitor cells with hemangioblastic characteristics

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 2733-2740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baijun Fang ◽  
Chunmei Zheng ◽  
Lianming Liao ◽  
Qin Han ◽  
Zhao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells

AbstractOverwhelming evidence from leukemia research has shown that the clonal population of neoplastic cells exhibits marked heterogeneity with respect to proliferation and differentiation. There are rare stem cells within the leukemic population that possess extensive proliferation and self-renewal capacity not found in the majority of the leukemic cells. These leukemic stem cells are necessary and sufficient to maintain the leukemia. Interestingly, the BCR/ABL fusion gene, which is present in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), was also detected in the endothelial cells of patients with CML, suggesting that CML might originate from hemangioblastic progenitor cells that can give rise to both blood cells and endothelial cells. Here we isolated fetal liver kinase-1–positive (Flk1+) cells carrying the BCR/ABL fusion gene from the bone marrow of 17 Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph+) patients with CML and found that these cells could differentiate into malignant blood cells and phenotypically defined endothelial cells at the single-cell level. These findings provide direct evidence for the first time that rearrangement of the BCR/ABL gene might happen at or even before the level of hemangioblastic progenitor cells, thus resulting in detection of the BCR/ABL fusion gene in both blood and endothelial cells.

scholarly journals Cytoadherence between endothelial cells andP. falciparum infected and noninfected normal and thalassemic red blood cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 70B (6) ◽  
pp. 432-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Butthep ◽  
S. Wanram ◽  
K. Pattanapanyasat ◽  
P. Vattanaviboon ◽  
S. Fucharoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells

scholarly journals cGAS-STING Signaling Regulates Initial Innate Control of Cytomegalovirus Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (17) ◽  
pp. 7789-7797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Wang J. Lio ◽  
Bryan McDonald ◽  
Mariko Takahashi ◽  
Rekha Dhanwani ◽  
Nikita Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Type I ◽  
Human Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Sting Pathway ◽  
Human Cmv

ABSTRACTSeveral innate sensing pathways contribute to the control of early cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, leading to a multiphasic type I interferon (IFN-I) response that limits viral replication and promotes host defenses. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent pathways induce IFN-I production in CMV-infected plasmacytoid dendritic cells; however, the initial burst of IFN-I that occurs within the first few hoursin vivois TLR independent and emanates from stromal cells. Here we show that primary human endothelial cells mount robust IFN-I responses to human CMV that are dependent upon cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), STING, and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) signaling. Disruption of STING expression in endothelial cells by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 revealed that it is essential for the induction of IFN-I and restriction of CMV replication. Consistently, STING was necessary to mount the first phase of IFN-I production and curb CMV replication in infected mice. Thus, DNA sensing through STING is critical for primary detection of both human and mouse CMV in nonhematopoietic cells and drives the initial wave of IFN-I that is key for controlling early viral replicationin vivo.IMPORTANCECytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common viral pathogens, with the majority of people contracting the virus in their lifetime. Although acute infection is mostly asymptomatic in healthy persons, significant pathology is observed in immunocompromised individuals, and chronic CMV infection may exacerbate a myriad of inflammatory conditions. Here we show that primary human endothelial cells mount robust IFN-I responses against CMV via a cGAS/STING/IRF3 pathway. Disruption of STING expression by CRISPRs revealed an essential role in eliciting IFN-I responses and restricting CMV replication. Consistently, in mice, STING is necessary for the first phase of IFN-I production that limits early CMV replication. Our results demonstrate a pivotal role for the cGAS-STING pathway in the initial detection of CMV infection.

Abstract 327: Mitochondrial Functional Variation Contributes to Endothelial Cell Activation

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Krzywanski ◽  
Bing Cheng ◽  
Xinggui Shen ◽  
Christopher Kevil
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Endothelial Cell Activation ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Oxidant Production

Vascular oxidant stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction and plays a critical role in early stage cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Changes in endothelial function due to oxidant stress may contribute to CVD initiation and progression through the development of a pro-inflammatory environment. Differences in mitochondrial function may contribute to this process and provide insight into why age of onset and clinical outcomes differ amongst individuals form distinct ethnic groups; but no reports demonstrate distinct mitochondrial functional parameters between normal cells. Consequently, we hypothesized that significant variations in normal mitochondrial function and oxidant production exist between endothelial cells from donors representing different ethnic groups. Aspects of mitochondrial oxygen utilization and oxidant production were assessed under basal and inflammatory conditions in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) isolated from African Americans (AA) and Caucasians (CA). Bioenergetic analysis indicates that compared to CA, AA HAEC utilized significantly less oxygen for ATP production, possess a lower maximal respiratory capacity, and have reduced electron leak. Significant differences in mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and increased levels of superoxide were also observed and AA HAEC supporting a pro-inflammatory phenotype. As a marker of endothelial cell activation, AA HAEC expressed increased levels of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 under both basal and inflammatory conditions that could be partially mitigated but treatment with the mitochondrially targeted antioxidant MitoTEMPO. These data demonstrate that fundamental differences exist in mitochondrial oxygen utilization and oxidant production between CA and AA HAEC and that these changes may affect endothelial cell activation. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that differences in “normal” mitochondrial function amongst ethnic groups could influence individual susceptibility by contributing to vascular inflammation, providing important insights into the mechanisms that contribute human CVD development.

scholarly journals An endothelialized urothelial cell-seeded tubular graft for urethral replacement

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Imbeault ◽  
Geneviève Bernard ◽  
Alexandre Rousseau ◽  
Amélie Morissette ◽  
Stéphane Chabaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Urethral Reconstruction ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Histology And Immunohistochemistry

Introduction: Many efforts are used to improve surgical techniques and graft materials for urethral reconstruction. We developed an endothelialized tubular structure for urethral reconstruction.Methods: Two tubular models were created in vitro. Human fibroblasts were cultured for 4 weeks to form fibroblast sheets. Then, endothelial cells (ECs) were seeded on the fibroblast sheets and wrapped around a tubular support to form a cylinder for the endothelialized tubular urethral model (ET). No ECs were added in the standard tubular model (T). After 21 days of maturation, urothelial cells were seeded into the lumen of both models. Constructs were placed under perfusion in a bioreactor for 1 week. At several times,histology and immunohistochemistry were performed on grafted nude mice to evaluate the impact of ECs on vascularization.Results: Both models produced an extracellular matrix, without exogenous material, and developed a pseudostratified urothelium. Seven days after the graft, mouse red blood cells were present only in the outer layers in T model, but in the full thickness of ET model. After 14 days, erythrocytes were present in both models, but in a greater proportion in ET model. At day 28, both models were well-vascularized, with capillary-like structures in the wholethickness of the tubes.Conclusion: Incorporating endothelial cells was associated with an earlier vascularization of the grafts, which could decrease the necrosis of the transplanted tissue. As those models can be elaborated with the patient’s cells, this tubular urethral graft would be unique in its autologous property.

Phagocytosis of Foreign Red Blood Cells by the Reticulo-Endothelial System

1957 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard N. Halpern ◽  
G. Biozzi ◽  
B. Benacerraf ◽  
C. Stiffel
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Histological Evidence ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System

The clearance rate of nucleated pigeon erythrocytes injected intravenously into mice and rats has been calculated either by routine differential red cell counts or by measuring the radioactivity of the erythrocytes tagged with P32. Histological evidence is given that the foreign erythrocytes are phagocytized by the reticulo-endothelial cells of the liver and spleen. The clearance rate of the foreign erythrocytes, which measures the speed of the phagocytosis, follows in mice a regular exponential function similar to this previously established for other colloids. No spontaneous antibodies to pigeon erythrocytes could be detected in mice. The rapid and complex clearance rate of pigeon erythrocytes observed in rats is related to the existence of spontaneous specific antibodies. The simultaneous injection of pigeon erythrocytes and of India ink into mice, both phagocytized by the RE cells, results in a competition between the two substances in favor of the smaller particles of carbon.

scholarly journals Fine Structure of the Red Pulp of the Spleen in Hereditary Spherocytosis

Blood ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZELMA MOLNAR ◽  
HENRY RAPPAPORT
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Hemoglobin Content ◽  
Sinus Endothelial Cells ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Conventional Light Microscopy ◽  
Red Pulp

Abstract The spleens from two children and one adult with hereditary spherocytosis were studied in the electron microscope. Stagnation of the erythrocytes within the splenic cords is attributable to their lack of plasticity as evidenced by the absence of bilobed, tailed, or squeezed forms in transit through the walls of the sinuses. In contrast to the sections studied by conventional light microscopy, the splenic sinuses in hereditary spherocytosis were not "empty," but contained red blood cells, the majority of which had lost their hemoglobin content. Cordal macrophages were increased in all three cases and were abundant in the splenic cords of the adult patient, causing a further impediment to the rapid passage of erythrocytes. Macrophages, and, to a lesser degree, sinus endothelial cells contained the products of hemoglobin breakdown. The macrophages showed active erythrophagocytosis. Sinus endothelial cells rarely contained intact red blood cells, but showed pronounced pinocytotic activity, a probable mechanism of hemoglobin incorporation. Platelets within the endothelial cells of the sinuses were much more frequently seen in the three cases of hereditary spherocytosis than in control spleens. The presence of ferritin in platelets suggests that they too may play a role in clearing the end products of hemolysis from the spleen.

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