scholarly journals Determining the Relative Importance of Webpages Based on Social Signals Using the Social Score and the Potential Role of the Social Score in an Asynchronous Social Search Engine

2015 ◽  
pp. 118-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Buijs ◽  
Marco Spruit
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Social Search ◽  
The Social

Expression Without Recognition: Contributions of the Human Amygdala to Emotional Communication

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam K. Anderson ◽  
Elizabeth A. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emotional Appraisal ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

A growing body of evidence from humans and other animals suggests the amygdala may be a critical neural substrate for emotional processing. In particular, recent studies have shown that damage to the human amygdala impairs the normal appraisal of social signals of emotion, primarily those of fear. However, effective social communication depends on both the ability to receive (emotional appraisal) and the ability to send (emotional expression) signals of emotional state. Although the role of the amygdala in the appraisal of emotion is well established, its importance for the production of emotional expressions is unknown. We report a case study of a patient with bilateral amygdaloid damage who, despite a severe deficit in interpreting facial expressions of emotion including fear, exhibits an intact ability to express this and other basic emotions. This dissociation suggests that a single neural module does not support all aspects of the social communication of emotional state.

The Role of Financial Bootstrapping in Handling the Liability of Newness in Incubator Businesses

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Winborg
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
New Business ◽  
Financial Bootstrapping

Recent research in entrepreneurship has examined factors that could reduce the challenges facing new businesses (the so-called ‘liabilities of newness’). Seeking to contribute to this research, this study examines the potential role of a financial bootstrapping approach (finding ways of securing resources on favourable terms). Even though financial bootstrapping has received increased attention in entrepreneurship research, our understanding of the relative importance of financial bootstrapping is undeveloped. This study focuses on new businesses established in Swedish university incubators and is based on data from a questionnaire sent to 120 new business founders. Given the role of incubators to provide resources and contacts on favourable terms, it can be argued that they represent an institutionalized arena in which new businesses can identify bootstrapping possibilities. The findings show that the possession of a financial bootstrapping approach is beneficial for handling the external liability of newness, whereas no significant effects were found on the internal liability of newness.

Does Stigma Moderate the Efficacy of Mental- and Behavioral-Health Interventions? Examining Individual and Contextual Sources of Treatment-Effect Heterogeneity

2021 ◽  
pp. 096372142110438
Author(s):  
Mark L. Hatzenbuehler ◽  
John E. Pachankis
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Treatment Effect Heterogeneity ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Effect Heterogeneity ◽  
Stigma Experiences

In this article, we argue that stigma may be an important, but heretofore underrecognized, source of heterogeneity in treatment effects of mental- and behavioral-health interventions. To support this hypothesis, we review recent evidence from randomized controlled trials and spatial meta-analyses suggesting that stigma may predict not only who responds more favorably to these health interventions (i.e., individuals with more stigma experiences), but also the social contexts that are more likely to undermine intervention effects (i.e., communities with greater structural stigma). By highlighting the potential role of personal and contextual stigma in shaping response to interventions, our review paves the way for additional research.

scholarly journals The BRICS Countries Grouping: Promise of a New Thematic and Methodological Research Focus in the Social Sciences and the Humanities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Charl Wolhuter ◽  
Oxana Chigisheva
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Global South ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global North ◽  
Science Community

The aim of this research, as part of this Special Issue on the thematic and epistemological foci of social science and humanities research emanating in the BRICS countries, is to investigate and to assess the value of such research— firstly, for the BRICS countries mutually, then for the rest of the Global South as well as for the global humanities and social science community at large. The rationale of this research is that the BRICS countries have come to assume a growing gravitas in the world, not only on strength of geography, demography and economy; but also because of the diversity contained in each of these BRICS countries. These diversities offer opportunities to learn a lot from each other, in addition the rest of the gamut of countries in the Global South as well as the nations of the Global North can benefit much from learning from the experience of the BRICS countries. The research commences with a survey of the most compelling societal trends shaping the 21st Century world, which will form the parameters of the context in which scholarship in the social sciences and humanities are destined to be conducted. The state of scholarship in the humanities and the social sciences and the imperatives of context will be the next topic under discussion. Within this landscape, the potential role of research on BRICS soil is then turned to. The BRICS countries are surveyed, then a conclusion is ventured as to their potential as a fountainhead for social sciences and humanities research.

scholarly journals Search engine optimization as a tool to increase the competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies in modern conditions

E-Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
A. Zakharenko ◽  
S. Smagulova
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Search Engine Optimization ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Marketing Budgets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Recommendations

Search engine optimization (SEO), which is currently actively used by the majority of pharmaceutical companies all over the world, is one of the most relevant digital marketing technologies. The features of the SEO in pharmaceutical companies as one of the modern tools of digital marketing have been considered in the article.Most of the companies, which operate in the natural sciences, are several years behind in development from other industries, due to the low level of SEO strategy application. As a result, the marketing budgets of pharmaceutical companies are focused on maintaining traditional classical approaches in the field of marketing. This bias in the budget arises mainly from the underestimation of the role of the SEO strategy in the organization’s activities by the majority of pharmaceutical companies. Companies should clearly understand how significant is the impact of digitalization on their activity in modern conditions. SEO is much broader than using search queries and meta tags. Due to implementing digital tools, it is possible to create “social signals” for attracting a new target audience.It has been noted in the article that search algorithms, developed by search platforms, change very often, and it is necessary to constantly monitor and improve them. Moreover, SEO is required to help people to find the content that best matches their intended goal, rather than to misinform them by showing inappropriate pages with matched search keywords in search results.Competition among the largest companies is constantly increasing in the global pharmaceutical market, and the use of digital marketing tools, such as SEO, will allow companies to change radically the situation. As a result of the research, recommendations for the effective use of SEO as one of the digital marketing tools in the business of pharmaceutical companies have been proposed. Finally, the conclusions about the increasing the role of digital marketing in modern conditions have been made.

scholarly journals The Influence of Green Marketing Tools on Green Eating Efficacy and Green Eating Behaviour

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Muposhi ◽  
M Dhurup
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Green Marketing ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This study employs the Legitimacy Theory and Self-efficacy Theory to examine the potential role of green marketing tools in fostering green eating behaviour. Using the mall-intercept technique at major retailers, data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire survey on South African consumers who regularly buy green products. Data analysis was conducted with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0.The results indicate that South African consumers are significantly influenced by eco-labels and eco-brands when buying green products. The study, however, shows a negative relationship between green advertising and green eating efficacy. It also reveals a positive relationship between green eating efficacy and green eating behaviour. The findings of the study highlighted important implications and policy directions that marketers and policy makers may implement in order to promote green eating behaviour.

Emotional and Cognitive Consequences of Social Rejection: An Entry Door to Major Depression

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Fossati ◽  
Sophie Hinfray ◽  
Anna Fall ◽  
Cédric Lemogne ◽  
Jean-Yves Rotge
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Social Rejection ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Homeostatic System

Interpersonal factors are strong predictors of the onset and course of major depression. However, the biological and neural bases of interpersonal difficulties in major depression are unknown. In this chapter we describe a general homeostatic system that monitors the social acceptance of individuals. We show that this system is activated in response to actual or putative threats to social acceptance and signals of social rejection. Our model describes a cascade of cognitive, emotional, and behavioural consequences of social exclusion. The model emphasizes the role of specific regions—the subgenual anterior cingulate, the insula, and the default mode network—in the detection and regulation of social signals. Hence we propose that major depressive disorder is tightly linked to the processing of social exclusion and may represent a specific impairment in the homeostatic system that monitors social acceptance.

scholarly journals Sperm competition and sperm cooperation: the potential role of diploid and haploid expression

Reproduction ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Immler
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Selective Force ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
And Function ◽  
Diploid Organism

Sperm competition is a powerful selective force driving the evolution of sperm shape and function. Recent findings suggest that sperm cooperation is a potential evolutionary response to sperm competition. Sperm cooperation may enhance the performance of the ejaculate increasing a male's chance to outcompete rival males in competition for fertilisation. Whether and how sperm cooperation may evolve is the focal point of this review. The relative importance of haploid and diploid gene expression for the evolution of sperm cooperation and the potential conflict of interest between (i) haploid sperm and diploid male and (ii) among sibling sperm, since sibling sperm only share an average of 50% of their genes in a diploid organism, are discussed. Furthermore, sperm cooperation is defined and the literature for empirical evidence of sperm cooperation is reviewed in light of the author's definitions.

Performance practice: music, medicine and natural philosophy in Interregnum Oxford

1996 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Gouk
Keyword(s):  
Performance Practice ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cognitive Levels ◽  
Scholarly Discussion ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
Widespread Interest

A generation or so ago, scholarly discussion about the creation of new scientific knowledge in seventeenth-century England was often framed in terms of the respective contributions of scholars and practitioners, the effects of their training and background, the relative importance of the universities compared with London, and of the role of external and internal factors, and so forth. These discourses have now largely been put aside in favour of those emphasizing spatial metaphors and models, which are recognized as powerful conceptual tools for representing the dynamics of complex systems. The role that geographies play in the fostering of creativity and innovation in human systems at both the social and cognitive levels is a subject that is attracting widespread interest.

scholarly journals The role of visual and olfactory cues in social decisions of guppies and zebrafish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Santaca' ◽  
Marco Dadda ◽  
Angelo Bisazza
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Social Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Types Of Information

Vision and olfaction are expensive to maintain, and in many taxa there appears to be a trade-off in investment between the two sensory systems. Previous work has suggested that guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) may differ in the relative importance they place on these two senses in social interactions. In this study, we directly examined this issue by experimentally contrasting olfactory and visual information in social situations. In the first experiment, we found that guppies spent more time where conspecifics were visible than where they could smell them. On the contrary, zebrafish spent significantly more time in an empty compartment containing smell of conspecifics than in a compartment in which they only saw them. The difference was not large, suggesting that both species integrate various types of information to locate a nearby shoal. In two subsequent experiments, we studied the role of vision and smell in the discrimination of the quality of the social group, namely the number and the familiarity of its members. Zebrafish and guppies were confirmed to rely on different senses to estimate the size of a social group, whereas they did not differ in the discrimination of familiar and non-familiar conspecifics which appears to be based equally on the two senses. Similarly to what happens in other vertebrate clades, we suggest that, among teleosts, there are large differences in the relative importance of the different senses in the perception of the external world.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document