Energetic Trade-Offs and Physical Activity During Childhood and Adolescence

2016 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Ann E. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals EXERCISE AND PEAK BONE MASS: RECOMMENDATION FOR BUILDING HEALTHY BONES IN CHILDREN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
A Andi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence

Regular Physical activity (PA) and exercise plays a vital role in the health and well-being of people of all ages, and its associated with positive outcomes relating to weight status, cardiometabolic markers, chronic disease prevention, bone health and mental health. Genetic factors are the strongest determinants of bone mass, but PA and exercise with loading of the bone also has a major impact on bone mass as well as on bone strength. Physical activity has been proposed as a key factor for developing healthy bones in childhood and adolescence, mainly when high-impact and weight-bearing exercise above a certain intensity and duration. It has been associated with bone accretion showing an important osteogenic effect, mainly when high-impact and weight bearing physical activity occur. Muscle mass is also a determinant of bone development. Several studies have examined the association between PA and bone health among youths.

scholarly journals Impaired vision and physical activity in childhood and adolescence: findings from the Millennium Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-320315
Author(s):  
Lisanne Andra Horvat-Gitsels ◽  
Mario Cortina-Borja ◽  
Ameenat Lola Solebo ◽  
Jugnoo Sangeeta Rahi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
Impaired Vision ◽  
Age Related ◽  
High Participation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Recommended Level

Background/aimsInvestigate if impaired vision is associated with reduced levels and differences in types of physical activity (PA) to identify barriers or enablers to achieving healthy PA levels.MethodsData from the Millennium Cohort Study of children born in the UK in 2000–2001 and followed-up to age 14 years (n=11 571). Using parental report on eye conditions coded by clinicians, children were categorised as having no, unilateral or bilateral impaired vision. Outcomes included objective accelerometer-derived time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 16 PA types reported by parents, teachers and/or participants, covering physical education (PE), organised sports, self-organised sports and hobbies.ResultsOverall, 50% of 7-year-olds and subsequently 41% as 14-year-olds achieved the internationally recommended level of ≥60 MVPA min/day, irrespective of vision status, and mainly attributable to PE and organised sports. Bilateral impaired vision (vs none) was associated with parent-reported difficulties with PE (adjusted OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 2.31 to 9.41), self-rated poor ability in PE (3.21; 1.44 to 7.15) and not enjoy indoor PA (0.48; 0.26 to 0.88). Unilateral impaired vision was associated with both parent-rated difficulties (1.80; 1.26 to 2.59) and teachers’ perception of low ability in PE (2.27; 1.57 to 3.28), and reduced odds of high participation in organised sports (0.77; 0.59 to 0.99). Age-related trajectories showed suboptimal PA in childhood tracked into adolescence, with no difference by vision status.ConclusionPopulation-wide programmes to increase PA levels in children should pay special attention to those with impaired vision and include early interventions to encourage participation and confidence in PE and organised sports, starting in primary school and maintained afterwards.

scholarly journals Análisis de la capacidad aeróbica como cualidad esencial de la condición física de los estudiantes: Una revisión sistemática (Analysis of aerobic capacity as an essential quality of students’ physical condition: A systematic review)

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Gabriel González Valero ◽  
Félix Zurita Ortega ◽  
Silvia San Román Mata ◽  
Antonio José Pérez Cortés ◽  
Pilar Puertas Molero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

Las etapas educativas relativas a la infancia y adolescencia son periodos esenciales para promocionar los estilos de vida saludables, tales como el incremento de la actividad física y la mejora de la condición física. La capacidad aeróbica es una de las cualidades más importantes de la condición física relacionadas con la salud, ya que representa una medida directa del grado general de salud y de manera específica del estado del sistema cardiovascular, respiratorio y metabólico. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar el efecto de la capacidad aeróbica en estudiantes, mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura científica. La búsqueda bibliográfica se ha realizado en la base de datos Web of Science y SCOPUS, obteniendo una población de 293 artículos publicados entre 1997-2017. Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión, se seleccionaron 26 estudios para su posterior análisis y tratamiento. Podemos decir que la capacidad aeróbica del alumnado se encuentra relacionada de forma considerable con los niveles de actividad física, parámetros antropométricos y aspectos del rendimiento académico y mental. Por ello, se resalta la necesidad de aumentar el número de investigaciones que analicen y/o traten la capacidad aeróbica como uno de los principales indicadores de salud relacionada con la condición física, ejerciendo así un papel protector frente a distintas enfermedades futuras.Abstract. The educational stages related to childhood and adolescence are essential periods for the promotion of healthy behaviors, such as increased physical activity and improved physical fitness. Aerobic capacity is one of the most important qualities of health-related physical fitness, as it represents a direct measure of general health as well as it specifically defines the state of cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic systems. The main objective of this work is to analyze the effect of aerobic capacity in students through a systematic review of scientific literature. The bibliographic search was done in the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases, obtaining a population of 293 articles published between 1997 and 2017. After the inclusion criteria were applied, 26 studies were selected for further analysis and treatment. The review highlights that students’ aerobic capacity is significantly associated with physical activity levels, anthropometric parameters, and certain aspects of academic and mental performance. Therefore, the need to increase research analyzing and / or treating aerobic capacity as one of the main health indicators related to physical fitness is emphasized, as this quality plays a protective role in relation to different future diseases.

scholarly journals Striking a Balance: Physical Activity, Screen-Viewing and Homework during the Transition to Secondary School

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia G. Emm-Collison ◽  
Sarah Lewis ◽  
Thomas Reid ◽  
Joe Matthews ◽  
Simon J. Sebire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
School Level ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Screen Viewing ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Physical activity levels decline, and screen-viewing behaviours increase during childhood and adolescence. The transition to secondary school appears to coincide with a sharp decline in physical activity. Parents have the potential to influence their child’s behaviours, yet little is known about their expectations for their child’s physical activity and screen-viewing during this transition. This paper explores parents’ expectations for their children’s physical activity and screen-viewing as they transition from primary to secondary school, and their proposed strategies for managing these behaviours during this time. Forty-two parents of children aged 10–11 years participated in a semi-structured telephone interviews in July 2017 or March 2018. The interview data were analysed via inductive and deductive content analysis to explore parents’ perceptions of physical activity and screen-viewing during the transition, the reasons for their perceptions, and the strategies they intended to implement to help their child balance their behaviours. Most parents expected both physical activity and screen-viewing to increase during this transition. There were several individuals, social and school-level factors influencing these expectations. Overall, parents felt that helping their child balance their activity levels, screen-viewing and homework would be challenging.

scholarly journals Comparison of Health Outcomes Among Children with Different Levels of Motor Competence

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel V. Chagas ◽  
Luiz Alberto Batista
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Coordination Disorder

AbstractWhile evidence suggests that children with the developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have worse health outcomes than their typically developing peers, it remains unclear whether children with low motor competence but without DCD are also characterized by worse health outcomes than those with average motor competence. The main purpose of this study was to compare health outcomes between children with low motor competence without DCD and those with average motor competence.The total of 127 children aged 12–14 years were recruited. Motor competence, physical activity, flexibility, and muscular strength/endurance were assessed with, respectively, the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder, a validated self-administered questionnaire, sit-and-reach, and sit-up 60s tests. Skinfold thickness was measured to assess the children’s adiposity. Multivariate analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests were performed.Children with average motor competence had lower body fat percentage and higher levels of physical activity and muscular strength/endurance than the groups with low (Our findings suggest that children with low motor competence without DCD have worse health outcomes than their peers with average motor competence. We suggest that both the development of motor competence and improvement of health outcomes should be targeted during childhood and adolescence by health professionals.

scholarly journals How Does Park Use and Physical Activity Differ between Childhood and Adolescence? A Focus on Gender and Race-Ethnicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 692-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriol Marquet ◽  
J. Aaron Hipp ◽  
Claudia Alberico ◽  
Jing-Huei Huang ◽  
Elizabeth Mazak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Park Use ◽  
Race Ethnicity

scholarly journals Bone Health and Its Relationship with Impact Loading and the Continuity of Physical Activity throughout School Periods

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gotzone Hervás ◽  
Fatima Ruiz-Litago ◽  
Jon Irazusta ◽  
Amaia Irazusta ◽  
Begoña Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Bone is influenced by physical activity (PA) throughout life, but childhood and adolescence provide a key opportunity to maximize peak bone mass. Thus, it is important to identify the relationship between PA practiced in childhood and young adulthood to design a promotion plan for bone health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between different impact-loading PAs (and their continuity throughout school periods from childhood to young adulthood) and bone stiffness index (SI). In this cross-sectional study, which was conducted on 145 university students aged 18–21 years, bone measurements were measured by quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS), and PA information was recalled using a self-administered questionnaire. Associations between the SI and the impact of PA performed during secondary school (p = 0.027), high school (p = 0.002), and university (p = 0.016) periods were observed. The continuity of PA over a longer period of time was related to a higher SI (p = 0.007). Those who practiced PA throughout all school periods had a higher SI than those who practiced during primary school only (p = 0.038) or through primary and secondary schools (p = 0.009). These results suggest that impact-loading PA practiced during different school periods is related to higher values of the SI. Therefore, continuous PA from an early age may be an important contributing factor to achieving and maintaining adequate bone health.

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