Integrated Pest Management: Sustainable Approach to Crop Protection

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
José Carlos Franco
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Protection

Comparison of Spray Configurations in a Spray Cabin Design for Ornamental Potted Plants: A Proof-of-Concept Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Zwertvaegher ◽  
Dieter Foqué ◽  
Donald Dekeyser ◽  
Stephanie Van Weyenberg ◽  
David Nuyttens
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Concept Study ◽  
Potted Plants

Abstract. With the implementation of integrated pest management in the European Union, growers are obliged to manage pests in a manner that minimizes health and environmental risks due to the use of plant protection products. Among other approaches, this goal can be achieved by optimizing spray application techniques. As an alternative to the predominantly used handheld equipment, such as spray guns, spray boom systems might substantially improve spray application, and thus crop protection management, in greenhouses. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to compare different spray configurations in a spray cabin designed to spray ornamental potted plants that are moving on a conveyor belt. Seven different spray configurations were examined for optimal spray deposition in two crops (azalea and ivy) using mineral chelate tracers. The deposition tests showed that the presented prototype can satisfactorily spray potted plants up to a height of 25 cm including the pot height. The best spray deposition was found with two flat-fan nozzles oriented 35° upward, spraying at 1.0 bar and an application rate of 1047 L ha-1. This configuration increased deposition on the underside of the leaves and at the middle foliage layer compared to the other configurations that were evaluated. The spray cabin with a band spray setting has potential to mitigate the use of plant protection products and achieve a more efficient spray application compared to traditional handheld techniques and broadcast spray boom techniques. Keywords: Crop protection, Integrated pest management, Nozzle type, Spray deposition.

Pest management in cotton: a global perspective

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Current State

Abstract This book contains 14 chapters presenting a global overview of the background to, and the current state of crop protection and pest management in cotton crops. It shows the need for more research to select cotton cultivars with high quality fibres suitable for different cotton growing areas and develop integrated pest management strategies to minimize the use of pesticides.

Integrated pest management of plant sucking bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Australian cotton: back to the future

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (05) ◽  
pp. 561-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Sequeira
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Economic Thresholds ◽  
Technological Constraints ◽  
Pest Density

AbstractCreontiades dilutus (green mirid) and C. pacificus (brown mirid) are major hemipteran pests of transgenic (Bt) cotton in Australia. Current integrated pest management (IPM) guidelines for mirids in Australian cotton, based on economic thresholds and sampling recommendations, were developed and disseminated to industry at the start of the 2005–06 growing season and have remained largely unchanged since then. However, adoption of mirid IPM guidelines by industry has been highly variable and generally well below expectation. Annual surveys of crop protection practices across the Australian cotton industry, from 2010 to 2017, indicate that a third of all mirid sprays are applied below the recommended thresholds each year. More than half of all survey respondents in the 2017 survey indicated lack of confidence in the mirid thresholds due to highly variable and disproportionate damage, a phenomenon best described as the ‘mirid enigma’. A critical review of RD&E outputs since 1998 shows that potential contributors to the mirid enigma include but are not limited to biological, ecological and methodological factors. Mirid feeding damage is likely to vary with developmental stage, gender and reproductive status. Ecological factors including trophic effects and multiple host plant usage are potential modifiers of mirid feeding damage. Methodological and technological constraints and shortcomings are evident in the threshold research done to date. Inadequate commercial sampling that results in unreliable estimates of pest density in the crop is a major contributor to the mirid enigma. Failure to account for the complexity of factors that can influence the nature and severity of mirid damage to cotton often results in fruit loss due to non-mirid related factors being incorrectly attributed to mirids. An alternative approach to mirid management based on modelling the dynamics of net fruit load (production–loss) proposed over 15 years ago is discussed.

scholarly journals Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Deguine ◽  
Jean-Noël Aubertot ◽  
Rica Joy Flor ◽  
Françoise Lescourret ◽  
Kris A.G. Wyckhuys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Synthetic Pesticide ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Farmer Livelihoods

AbstractIntegrated Pest Management (IPM) provides an illustration of how crop protection has (or has not) evolved over the past six decades. Throughout this period, IPM has endeavored to promote sustainable forms of agriculture, pursued sharp reductions in synthetic pesticide use, and thereby resolved myriad socio-economic, environmental, and human health challenges. Global pesticide use has, however, largely continued unabated, with negative implications for farmer livelihoods, biodiversity conservation, and the human right to food. In this review, we examine how IPM has developed over time and assess whether this concept remains suited to present-day challenges. We believe that despite many good intentions, hard realities need to be faced. 1) We identify the following major weaknesses: i) a multitude of IPM definitions that generate unnecessary confusion; ii) inconsistencies between IPM concepts, practice, and policies; iii) insufficient engagement of farmers in IPM technology development and frequent lack of basic understanding of its underlying ecological concepts. 2) By diverting from the fundamental IPM principles, integration of practices has proceeded along serendipitous routes, proven ineffective, and yielded unacceptable outcomes. 3) We show that in the majority of cases, chemical control still remains the basis of plant health programs. 4) Furthermore, IPM research is often lagging, tends to be misguided, and pays insufficient attention to ecology and to the ecological functioning of agroecosystems. 5) Since the 1960s, IPM rules have been twisted, its foundational concepts have degraded and its serious (farm-level) implementation has not advanced. To remedy this, we are proposing Agroecological Crop Protection as a concept that captures how agroecology can be optimally put to the service of crop protection. Agroecological Crop Protection constitutes an interdisciplinary scientific field that comprises an orderly strategy (and clear prioritization) of practices at the field, farm, and agricultural landscape level and a dimension of social and organizational ecology.

scholarly journals Talaromyces–Insect Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Rosario Nicoletti ◽  
Andrea Becchimanzi
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Increasing Trend

Facing the urgent need to reduce the input of agrochemicals, in recent years, the ecological relationships between plants and their associated microorganisms have been increasingly considered as an essential tool for improving crop production. New findings and data have been accumulated showing that the application of fungi can go beyond the specific role that has been traditionally assigned to the species, employed in integrated pest management as entomopathogens or mycoparasites, and that strains combining both aptitudes can be identified and possibly used as multipurpose biocontrol agents. Mainly considered for their antagonistic relationships with plant pathogenic fungi, species in the genus Talaromyces have been more and more widely reported as insect associates in investigations carried out in various agricultural and non-agricultural contexts. Out of a total of over 170 species currently accepted in this genus, so far, 27 have been found to have an association with insects from 9 orders, with an evident increasing trend. The nature of their mutualistic and antagonistic relationships with insects, and their ability to synthesize bioactive compounds possibly involved in the expression of the latter kind of interactions, are analyzed in this paper with reference to the ecological impact and applicative perspectives in crop protection.

Integrated Pest Management Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navendu , Nair
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Food Sufficiency

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) system is the best effective sustainable approach of protecting crops from the ravages of pests towards the goal of food sufficiency for the ever-increasing human population of the globe.The book contains twenty eight articles covering various aspects of crop protection. The topics cover fundamental as well as advanced and modern aspects of pest management. Here, an attempt has been taken to present some recent findings with review work in a manner considered suitable for the scientific community.

ICT based decision support systems for Integrated Pest Management (IPM)in India: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niranjan Singh ◽  
Neha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Management Information

Pests cause significant losses to crop production in India. Excessive and irrational use of chemicals for pest control not only degrades the environment but also affects the human health due to presence of pesticide residue. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is such a technology, which combines multiple ecologically safer and economically sound pest control methods. IPM being knowledge intensive approach to crop protection emphasizes appropriate decision-making based on knowledge of interaction of the crop, pests, beneficial organisms that prey on pests and whole lot of other information. IPM practitioners or farmers require timely access to the relevant pest management information/knowledge and expertise. So the improved methods of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) such as Decision Support Systems (DSSs) greatly help the farmers in accessing the pest management information and expertise. DSSs are software tools that support decision-making activities. They collect, organize, integrate and analyze all types of information required for decision making and finally use the analysis to recommend the most appropriate action. Many DSSs have been developed for in the field of plant protection by various public and private organizations in the country which have been elaborated in this review.

scholarly journals Integrated pest management for resource-limited farmers: challenges for achieving ecological, social and economic sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Bottrell ◽  
K. G. Schoenly
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Living System ◽  
Rural Sociology ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Resource Limited

AbstractHailed as the single most important paper published on crop protection in the 20th century, Stern et al. in 1959 formed the conceptual basis for modern integrated pest management (IPM) worldwide. The ecological foundation for IPM envisioned by its authors is as valid today as in 1959. However, adoption by developing country farmers has been low and its advances short-lived. The present paper examines the concept of integration in IPM and criteria for determining whether its control tactics have been integrated harmoniously. The effects of local and regional landscape patterns on pests and on the design of IPM are reviewed, arguing that the agroecosystem must be understood and managed as a living system with the goal of enhancing and conserving agrobiodiversity and keeping ecosystem services intact. Key to IPM adoption is convincing farmers to integrate non-chemical alternatives (e.g. biological control, plant diversification) as primary management components and to apply pesticides judiciously and only after non-chemical components fail to manage pests effectively. Research, extension and policy changes are identified to increase the efficiency, adoption and sustainability of IPM on resource-limited farms. The over-arching challenge is devising communication and support systems that allow resource-limited farmers to try, adopt and sustain IPM that enhances yields and profits in light of the many uncertainties and challenges. Use of information technology, media development, crowdsourcing and rural sociology is advocated to connect farmers to the technical sources required to enhance yields and profits and reduce risks to them, the farming community and the environment.

Crop protection in European maize-based cropping systems: Current practices and recommendations for innovative Integrated Pest Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Vasileiadis ◽  
M. Sattin ◽  
S. Otto ◽  
A. Veres ◽  
Z. Pálinkás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
European Maize ◽  
Current Practices
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