Compatible Plant-Root Knot Nematode Interaction and Parallels with Symbiosis

2011 ◽  
pp. 239-257
Author(s):  
Bruno Favery ◽  
Michaël Quentin ◽  
Pierre Abad
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Knot Nematode

Yellow Nutsedge Response to Southern Root-Knot Nematodes, Chile Peppers, and Metolachlor

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Schroeder ◽  
Michael J. Kenney ◽  
Stephen H. Thomas ◽  
Leigh Murray
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Chile Peppers

Greenhouse experiments showed that yellow nutsedge shoot number and shoot and root dry weights were reduced by root-knot nematodes and chile peppers. Root-knot nematodes increased and chile peppers decreased the number of yellow nutsedge tubers. Yellow nutsedge tuber germination was reduced by chile peppers but not by root-knot nematodes. Yellow nutsedge established from root-knot nematode-infected tubers produced more tubers than noninfected tubers. Root-knot nematode populations became established on yellow nutsedge root systems when plants were established from tubers previously cultured with root-knot nematodes. Metolachlor stunted chile peppers, eliminated yellow nutsedge, and influenced root-knot nematode populations through reduction of host plant root mass. However, when root-knot nematodes were present, yellow nutsedge tuber germination was not affected by metolachlor. This research indicates that the pests do not exist independently and that their management may be interrelated.

scholarly journals Cloning and Characterization of an Esophageal-Gland-Specific Pectate Lyase from the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Doyle ◽  
Kris N. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Pectate Lyase ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Pectate Lyases ◽  
Esophageal Gland

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica) are obligate sedentary endoparasites that must penetrate the host root to initiate their life cycle. Many enzymes are secreted by the nematode to facilitate host penetration; required enzymes may include pectate lyases and cellulases. Using differential screening, a class III pectate lyase, Mj-pel-1 (M. javanica pectate lyase 1), was cloned from a library enriched for esophageal gland genes. DNA gel blotting confirmed that the Mj-pel-1 gene was of nematode origin and a member of a small multigene family. In situ hybridization localized the expression of Mj-pel-1 to the basal cells of the esophageal glands, while immunolocalization detected the protein in the esophageal glands as well as on the exterior of the nematode, confirming that the protein is secreted. When MJ-PEL-1 was expressed in Pichia pastoris, the resulting protein was active. The pH optimum of MJ-PEL-1 was 10.0, and the enzyme was five times more active on pectate than on pectin. Like other class III pectate lyases, MJ-PEL-1 also displayed an absolute requirement for Ca2+. The root-knot nematode migrates through the middle lamella of the plant root; therefore, MJ-PEL-1 may be an important enzyme early in the infection process.

scholarly journals PENGENDALIAN TERPADU PENYAKIT LAYU (RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM Smith) DAN NEMATODA PURU AKAR (MELOIDOGYNE SPP.) PADA TANAMAN JAHE GAJAH

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Made Sudana ◽  
Made Lotrini
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Integrated control of  ginger wilt disease  (Ralstonia solanacearum Smith) and root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The purpose of this research was to obtain  reasonable integrated control ginger wilt disease. The research was conducted in endemic area of ginger wilt disease at Biaung village, Penebel Regency during April, 2003 to Januari, 2004. Randomized block design (RAK) with three replication and 11 treatments was used in this experiment. Research result appears that ginger wilt diseases can be controlled by integrated control using seed treatment with soaked method in urea-polymer + Bacillus sp. (2g/l water for two hours and then for planting treatment with vermi-compost (150g/plant) + fire-wood ash (50g/plant) + Mycorrhiza (100 g/plant). Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) was effective controlled by dolomit (5g/plant) + seed-treatment with bactericide (Agrimicin 500 ppm) +  vermi-compost (150 g/plant).

Effective approaches to study the plant-root knot nematode interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 332-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba M.M. Ibrahim ◽  
Esraa M. Ahmad ◽  
Ainhoa Martínez-Medina ◽  
Mohammed A.M. Aly
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Approaches To Study

scholarly journals Chitosan Oligosaccharide Fluorinated Derivative Control Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) Disease Based on the Multi-Efficacy Strategy

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoqian Fan ◽  
Yukun Qin ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
Ronge Xing ◽  
Huahua Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity

Plant root-knot nematode disease is a great agricultural problem and commercially available nematicides have the disadvantages of high toxicity and limited usage; thus, it is urgent to develop new nematicides derived from nature substances. In this study, a novel fluorinated derivative was synthesized by modifying chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) using the strategy of multiple functions. The derivatives were characterized by FTIR, NMR, elemental analysis, and TG/DTG. The activity assays show that the derivatives can effectively kill the second instar larvae of Meloidogyne incognita in vitro, among them, chitosan-thiadiazole-trifluorobutene (COSSZFB) perform high eggs hatching inhibitory activity. The derivatives can regulate plant growth (photosynthetic pigment), improve immunity (chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase), and show low cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity. According to the multi-functional activity, the derivatives exhibit a good control effect on plant root-knot nematode disease in vivo. The results demonstrate that the COS derivatives (especially fluorinated derivative) perform multiple activities and show the potential to be further evaluated as nematicides.

scholarly journals Real-Time Visualization of Cellulase Activity by Microorganisms on Surface

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6593
Author(s):  
Pallavi Kumari ◽  
Tali Sayas ◽  
Patricia Bucki ◽  
Sigal Brown-Miyara ◽  
Maya Kleiman
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
The Real ◽  
Cellulase Secretion ◽  
Real Time Visualization

A variety of methods to detect cellulase secretion by microorganisms has been developed over the years, none of which enables the real-time visualization of cellulase activity on a surface. This visualization is critical to study the interaction between soil-borne cellulase-secreting microorganisms and the surface of plant roots and specifically, the effect of surface features on this interaction. Here, we modified the known carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC) hydrolysis visualization method to enable the real-time tracking of cellulase activity of microorganisms on a surface. A surface was formed using pure CMC with acridine orange dye incorporated in it. The dye disassociated from the film when hydrolysis occurred, forming a halo surrounding the point of hydrolysis. This enabled real-time visualization, since the common need for post hydrolysis dyeing was negated. Using root-knot nematode (RKN) as a model organism that penetrates plant roots, we showed that it was possible to follow microorganism cellulase secretion on the surface. Furthermore, the addition of natural additives was also shown to be an option and resulted in an increased RKN response. This method will be implemented in the future, investigating different microorganisms on a root surface microstructure replica, which can open a new avenue of research in the field of plant root–microorganism interactions.

scholarly journals Trichoderma asperellum affects Meloidogyne incognita infestation and development in Celosia argentea

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 778-784
Author(s):  
Alori Elizabeth Temitope ◽  
Aluko Ajibola Patrick ◽  
Joseph Abiodun ◽  
Adekiya Aruna Olasekan ◽  
Aremu Charity Onye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Control Root ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Celosia Argentea ◽  
Gall Index ◽  
Plant Root System

AbstractDue to the rise in cost and detrimental health and environmental consequences that accompany the use of nematicides, there is a need for a more eco-friendly and less expensive alternative to control root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). Nematode infestation reduces the quality and quantity of Celosia argentea Linn. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to determine the biocontrol efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum against M. incognita in C. argentea. The treatments consisted M. incognita infected C. argentea inoculated with 0, 2.2 × 107, 4.4 × 107, or 6.6 × 107 cfu/pot of T. asperellum. All doses of T. asperellum reduced the root-knot nematode population and root gall index. Growth and development of C. argentea were improved, indicating that T. asperellum has the potential to be used as a biocontrol agent in C. argentea production. The biocontrol activity of T. asperellum in C. argantea increased as the week went by until the plants attained full maturity. Hence, the control of M. incognita by T. asperellum depends on the developmental stage of the plant root system.

scholarly journals Poplar–Root Knot Nematode Interaction: A Model for Perennial Woody Species

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 560-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Baldacci-Cresp ◽  
Pierre-Yves Sacré ◽  
Laure Twyffels ◽  
Adeline Mol ◽  
Marjorie Vermeersch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Similar Expression Pattern

Plant root-knot nematode (RKN) interaction studies are performed on several host plant models. Though RKN interact with trees, no perennial woody model has been explored so far. Here, we show that poplar (Populus tremula × P. alba) grown in vitro is susceptible to Meloidogyne incognita, allowing this nematode to penetrate, to induce feeding sites, and to successfully complete its life cycle. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to study changes in poplar gene expression in galls compared with noninfected roots. Three genes (expansin A, histone 3.1, and asparagine synthase), selected as gall development marker genes, followed, during poplar-nematode interaction, a similar expression pattern to what was described for other plant hosts. Downregulation of four genes implicated in the monolignol biosynthesis pathway was evidenced in galls, suggesting a shift in the phenolic profile within galls developed on poplar roots. Raman microspectroscopy demonstrated that cell walls of giant cells were not lignified but mainly composed of pectin and cellulose. The data presented here suggest that RKN exercise conserved strategies to reproduce and to invade perennial plant species and that poplar is a suitable model host to study specific traits of tree-nematode interactions.

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