Signal Transduction of Phytohormones Under Abiotic Stresses

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Eyidogan ◽  
M. T. Oz ◽  
M. Yucel ◽  
H. A. Oktem
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Abiotic Stresses

scholarly journals Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sarafat Ali ◽  
Kwang-Hyun Baek
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Informational Cues

Plants as immovable organisms sense the stressors in their environment and respond to them by means of dedicated stress response pathways. In response to stress, jasmonates (jasmonic acid, its precursors and derivatives), a class of polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived phytohormones, play crucial roles in several biotic and abiotic stresses. As the major immunity hormone, jasmonates participate in numerous signal transduction pathways, including those of gene networks, regulatory proteins, signaling intermediates, and proteins, enzymes, and molecules that act to protect cells from the toxic effects of abiotic stresses. As cellular hubs for integrating informational cues from the environment, jasmonates play significant roles in alleviating salt stress, drought stress, heavy metal toxicity, micronutrient toxicity, freezing stress, ozone stress, CO2 stress, and light stress. Besides these, jasmonates are involved in several developmental and physiological processes throughout the plant life. In this review, we discuss the biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways of the JAs and the roles of these molecules in the plant responses to abiotic stresses.

Protein Phosphatase Type 2C Functions in Phytohormone-Dependent Pathways and in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Nguyen Chuong ◽  
Xuan Lan Thi Hoang ◽  
Duong Hoang Trong Nghia ◽  
Thai Ngoc Trang Dai ◽  
Van-Anh Le Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Protein Phosphatases ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
In Planta

: Plants, as sessile organisms, are susceptible to a myriad of stress factors, especially abiotic stresses. Over the course of evolution, they have developed multiple mechanisms to sense and transduce environmental stimuli for appropriate responses. Among those, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, regulated by protein kinases and protein phosphatases, respectively, are considered as crucial signal transduction mechanisms. Regarding the latter group, protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) represent the largest division of PPs. In addition, discovery of regulatory functions of PP2Cs in abscisic acid (ABA)-signaling pathway, the major signal transduction pathway in abiotic stress responses, indicates significant importance of PP2C members in plant adaptation to adverse environmental factors. In this review, current understanding of the roles of PP2Cs in different phytohormone-dependent pathways related to abiotic stress is summarized, highlighting the crosstalk between the ABA-signaling pathway with other hormonal pathways via certain ABA-related PP2Cs. We also updated progress of in planta characterization studies of PP2Cs under abiotic stress conditions, providing knowledge of PP2C manipulation in developing abiotic stress-tolerant crops.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Bioinformatics Analysis of MAPK Gene Family in Kiwifruit (Actinidia Chinensis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Zhan-Hui Jia ◽  
Ji-Ping Xuan ◽  
De-Lin Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are universal signal transduction modules that play crucial roles in various biotic and abiotic stresses, hormones, cell division, and developmental processes in plants. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK/MPK), being a part of this cascade, performs an important function for further appropriate cellular responses. Although MAPKs have been investigated in several model plants, no systematic analysis has been conducted in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). In the present study, we identified 18 putative MAPKs in the kiwifruit genome. This gene family was analyzed bioinformatically in terms of their chromosome locations, sequence alignment, gene structures, and phylogenetic and conserved motifs. All members possess fully canonical motif structures of MAPK. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that AcMAPKs could be classified into five subfamilies, and these gene motifs in the same group showed high similarity. Gene structure analysis demonstrated that the number of exons in AcMAPK genes ranged from 2 to 29, suggesting large variation among kiwifruit MAPK genes. The expression profiles of these AcMAPK genes were further investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), which demonstrated that AcMAPKs were induced or repressed by various biotic and abiotic stresses and hormone treatments, suggesting their potential roles in the biotic and abiotic stress response and various hormone signal transduction pathways in kiwifruit. The results of this study provide valuable insight into the putative physiological and biochemical functions of MAPK genes in kiwifruit.

scholarly journals Transcription Factors and Their Roles in Signal Transduction in Plants under Abiotic Stresses

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Lan Thi Hoang ◽  
Du Ngoc Hai Nhi ◽  
Nguyen Binh Anh Thu ◽  
Nguyen Phuong Thao ◽  
Lam-Son Phan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Abiotic Stresses

Plant mitogen-activated protein kinases and their roles in mediation of signal transduction in abiotic stresses

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijuan Li ◽  
Chengjin Guo ◽  
Xiaojuan Li ◽  
Juntao Gu ◽  
Wenjing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Ultrastructural aspects of olfactory signal transduction and its development

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Bert Ph. M. Menco
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Cell ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Olfactory Receptor Cells ◽  
Receptor Cells ◽  
Olfactory Signal ◽  
Odor Molecule

Vertebrate olfactory receptor cells are specialized neurons that have numerous long tapering cilia. The distal parts of these cilia line the interface between the external odorous environment and the luminal surface of the olfactory epithelium. The length and number of these cilia results in a large surface area that presumably increases the chance that an odor molecule will meet a receptor cell. Advanced methods of cryoprepration and immuno-gold labeling were particularly useful to preserve the delicate ultrastructural and immunocytochemical features of olfactory cilia required for localization of molecules involved in olfactory signal-transduction. We subjected olfactory tissues to freeze-substitution in acetone (unfixed tissues) or methanol (fixed tissues) followed by low temperature embedding in Lowicryl K11M for that purpose. Tissue sections were immunoreacted with several antibodies against proteins that are presumably important in olfactory signal-transduction.

Signal-regulated oxidation of proteins via MICAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 613-620
Author(s):  
Clara Ortegón Salas ◽  
Katharina Schneider ◽  
Christopher Horst Lillig ◽  
Manuela Gellert
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Intracellular Signals ◽  
Amino Acid Side Chains ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Processing of and responding to various signals is an essential cellular function that influences survival, homeostasis, development, and cell death. Extra- or intracellular signals are perceived via specific receptors and transduced in a particular signalling pathway that results in a precise response. Reversible post-translational redox modifications of cysteinyl and methionyl residues have been characterised in countless signal transduction pathways. Due to the low reactivity of most sulfur-containing amino acid side chains with hydrogen peroxide, for instance, and also to ensure specificity, redox signalling requires catalysis, just like phosphorylation signalling requires kinases and phosphatases. While reducing enzymes of both cysteinyl- and methionyl-derivates have been characterised in great detail before, the discovery and characterisation of MICAL proteins evinced the first examples of specific oxidases in signal transduction. This article provides an overview of the functions of MICAL proteins in the redox regulation of cellular functions.

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