Computation and Evaluation of Medial Surfaces for Shape Representation of Abdominal Organs

Author(s):  
Sergio Vera ◽  
Debora Gil ◽  
Agnès Borràs ◽  
Xavi Sánchez ◽  
Frederic Pérez ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Bakshi

Abstract Background:Congenital anomalies of urinary system are very common and have extremely varied presentation. Among them most rarely found structural anomaly is the pancake kidney. When both kidneys are fused along their medial surfaces to form a round shaped single renal mass is termed as Pancake kidney. In this case report, a pancake kidney was incidentally detected in a girl. The majority of subjects who have pancake kidney are usually symptom less but surgeons should be aware of coexisting malformation of other organs and its potential risk of developing malignancy.Case presentation:A 12-year-old young lady attended out-patient department with mild dull aching lower abdominal pain and dysuria. She had no history of fever, haematuria, menstrual abnormality, pelvic inflammatory disease or trauma. Urine examination showed traces of albumin and 10-12 pus cells/ HPF. She had normal kidney function test and digital X-ray of KUB region. A USG of the whole abdomen showed normal intra-abdominal organs except empty bilateral renal fossa. The Multi-Detector Computed Tomography(MDCT) scan of the whole abdomen revealed one round shaped mass measuring approximately 9 cm(vertical) X 10 cm(horizontal), in the pelvic cavity. That mass was finally identified as a pancake kidney. She was prescribed antibiotics based on urine culture, and sensitivity test that cured her symptoms. She was advised to follow-up regularly in Out-Patient Department to evaluate her kidney function and to rule out any neoplastic change.Conclusions: This condition can be managed conservatively, if the subject remains symptom less, by regular monitoring of renal function. Surgeon should remain alert for the development of infections, any obstructive manifestations leading to calculus formation and any malignant changes. The person should be careful in avoiding trauma to low-lying pelvic kidney. Extensive surgeries should be avoided and only selective procedures should be done so that the patient may lead a normal lifestyle.


Author(s):  
N. V. Khodykina ◽  
L. P. Tochilkina ◽  
O. N. Novikova ◽  
M. S. Sroslov ◽  
A. Ya. Pocheptsov ◽  
...  

The resorptive effects of 0.01 M cerium nanodioxide sol upon single intraperitoneal administration to rats have been studied. The acute exposure to nanoparticles was found to have a dose-dependent general toxic effect on the body (weight loss, inflammatory changes in the abdominal organs, modification of individual behavior, hematological changes, metabolic imbalance), which develops on the background of POL activation. The prooxidant effect of cerium dioxide nanoparticles is demonstratively manifested at relatively high exposure levels (80–8 mg / kg). The threshold dose for the general toxic effect (Limch integr) is equal to 0.8 mg / kg.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Lai ◽  
Mingming Nie ◽  
Xiaodong Xu ◽  
Yuanjie Chen ◽  
Zhiyong Guo

Abstract Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a safe and home-based treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The direct thermal damage of abdominal organs is very rare. Case presentation We report a peritoneal dialysis patient presented abdominal pain and feculent effluent 3 weeks after he instilled hot dialysis solution. In spite of emergency exploratory laparotomy and active treatment, the patient died of septic shock. Biopsy revealed necrosis and perforation of the intestines. Conclusions Delayed bowel perforation by hot fluid is very rare. Standardized performance is of the first importance for peritoneal dialysis patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hua Hong ◽  
Dong-Hui Jin ◽  
Xiao-Jian Yuan ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Hou-Wei Lin ◽  
...  

Abstract Background This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the correlation between congenital abnormality of the urogenital system and various factors in children with neural tube defects (NTDs). Methods A total of 190 children with congenital NTDs, who were admitted to a hospital from May 2013 to May 2018, were included into the present study. All admitted children with congenital NTDs were carried out routine abdominal B-ultrasound examinations to determine the malformations of the abdominal organs, including the urinary system. Children with a B-ultrasound result of suspected and unsure malformation underwent intravenous pyelography (IVP) and voiding cysto-urethrography (VCU), and this was further confirmed by the CT results. Results The incidence of urogenital malformation was 12.1% (23/190) in children with congenital NTDs. For the 23 children with urogenital malformations, most of these children had no definite urinary system symptoms, while some of these children had multiple incidences of urinary system infections. Conclusions Congenital NTDs are often combined with urogenital malformations, if not specifically searched these may be overlooked. The early detection of these malformations is beneficial to reduce the risk of operation and improve the prognosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pavone ◽  
Roberto Rinoldo ◽  
Elisa Albini ◽  
Alessandro Fiorucci ◽  
Biagio Caponi ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Comamonas kerstersii is rarely associated with infections in humans and has never been reported in animals until now. Case presentation Herein, we describe a case of urinary tract infection caused by C. kerstersii in a young goat. A seven-month-old male goat showed lethargy, generalised weakness and anorexia and in the last hours before its death, severe depression, slight abdominal distention, ruminal stasis, and sternal recumbency. Grossly, multifocal haemorrhages in different organs and tissues, subcutaneous oedema and hydrocele, serous fluid with scattered fibrin deposition on the serosa of the abdominal organs and severe pyelonephritis with multifocal renal infarction were detected. Histopathological examination confirmed severe chronic active pyelonephritis with renal infarcts, multi-organ vasculitis and thrombosis suggestive of an infectious diseases of bacterial origin. The bacterium was identified using routine methods, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and sequencing of the gyrB gene. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. kerstersii infection in animals (goat). Our findings support the possibility of C. kerstersii isolation from extraintestinal sites and suggest this organism as a possible cause of urinary tract infection.


2021 ◽  
pp. 200023
Author(s):  
Sen-Zhe Xu ◽  
Hao-Zhi Huang ◽  
Fang-Lue Zhang ◽  
Song-Hai Zhang

2021 ◽  
pp. 200018
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Willis ◽  
Prashant Ganesh ◽  
Kyle Volle ◽  
Jincheng Zhang ◽  
Kevin Brink

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