Profile of Urine Sediments in Elderly People with Hypertension

Elderly was a person who reaches the age more than 60 years that susceptible by the aging, such as hypertension. Hypertension was one of the factor for kidney disease. Hypertension is a disease that has systolic blood preasure up to 140 mmHg and diastolic up to 90 mmHg. Find out how the description of urine sediment in older people with hypertension. Type of descriptive type,include data collection, processing and presentation of data. Samples were taken as many 25 people with criteria for elderly people affected by hypertension. Urine examination is carried out by the Malbin-Streinheimer painting method. The result showed 19 people (76%) had hematuria or the possibility of infection and 6 people (24%) did not have hematuria.from the examination also obtained a cylinder of 6 people, namely 4 people (16%) 1/Lpb and 1/Lpb 2 people (8%). This cylinder provides an overview of kidney abnormalities. Urine sediment examination in elderly people with hypertension gives an overview of renal hypertension with discovery of a cylinder accompanied by microscopic hematuri.

MANAGEMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION – AN AYURVEDA PERSPECTIVE

Urinary tract infections are the second most widespread infection and are elaborated in Ayurveda classical texts. The aim of the study is to compare the effect of the two well recognised and practised Ayurveda preparations in the treatment of urinary tract infection. 34 patients with proven UTI complaints in the age group of 20 to 60 years were randomly selected from out-patient and in-patient departments as per randomization chart and were divided into Group A and group B. Respectively in group A and group B, patients were advised 15 mL of Ardhabilwa kashaya and Brihatyadi kashaya before food thrice daily with equal quantity of water. After seven days follow up, assessment was done based on the clinical signs and symptoms. Urine examination at base th th line, 7 and at 15 day was performed.Study proved both drugs were clinically efcacious and statistically signicant in the management of urinary tract infection.

Effects of Noise Pollution from Electric Backup Generators on the Operators’ Health

Noise is a harmful pollutant that leads to an unsanitary environment in urban areas. Electric backup generators, widely used in developing countries, have been one of the most common noise sources. This study identifies workers’ public health in public electrical backup generators in Mosul City, Iraq. Workers’ health was assessed by measuring blood parameters, including Hb, RBCs, WBCs, PLT, and PCV. In addition, other biochemical parameters have been tested, such as; TP, ALB, F.B.S, Bilirubin, Blood Urea, and Cholesterol. General Urine Examination (GUE) was implemented for all samples. The results show a significant change in the blood samples studied compared to the control sample. Hb increased to 15.72±0.9 and 16.12±0.74 g/dl, at noise levels 92.5 and 94.8 dB, respectively, compared to the control group (14.07±0.20 g/dl). RBCs and PLT increased with the high noise level, whereas TP shows a decrease of about 6.43±0.46 and 6.75±0.14 g/dl at 92.5 and 94.8 dB, respectively, compared to the control group. Similarly, F.B.S, blood urea, and total cholesterol were increasing compared to the control group. Depending on the results obtained, up to 30% of the workers tested have severe hearing troubles. This percentage was classified as acute Hypacusis (57%), severe Hypacusis (40%), and complete deafness (3%). Therefore, public electrical backup generators, which were randomly distributed in the public areas of developing countries, are a source of noise pollution.

Impact of Male Patient Information on Quality of Urine Examination (PIQUE Study)

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Urine examination has relevance for treatment, and reliability of positive urine culture (UC) is of importance. The technique of urine sampling (US), storage, and transportation is important. The objective of this study was to investigate if detailed patient information for the technique of US and hygiene reduces rates of contaminated UC in screened male patients, as this group was not investigated yet. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> All patients independently of complaints were enrolled prospectively and consecutively in an outpatient setting in 2 groups – the first group did not receive detailed information and the second group did. We examined 372 consecutive patients in 2017, 190 not receiving (median age 69 years) and 182 receiving information (median age 70 years), with comparable numbers of patients and age. The result of UC and age was imposed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In all,74.2% of preclarification UC showed a contamination (<i>n</i> = 95) and 75.5% after clarification (<i>n</i> = 83), without significant differences (<i>p</i> = 0.827). This study is limited by the fact that adherence could not be checked. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Similar to studies with females, no difference occurred in rates of contaminated UC, so detailed information regarding the US technique does not decrease rates of contaminated UC and vice versa does not increase the quality of midstream-sampled UC in male patients.

Validity of Urine Syndecan-1 as A Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury In Pediatric Sepsis Patients

Introduction: AKI (Acute Kidney Injury) complications in sepsis patients generally occur 24 hours after admission to ICU. Creatine Serum Concentration is a standard parameter to diagnose AKI. Unfortunately, the changes in creatine serum concentration will only be seen several days after the decrease of renal function to 50%. The low detection ability has been linked with time loss before preventive therapy is commenced. Furthermore, this instigates the need for biomarkers to ensure early detection. Objective: This study aimed to identify cut-off points of urine syndecan-1 and to measure the prediction ability of urine syndecan-1 towards the AKI occurrence in pediatric sepsis patients. Materials and methods: This study was a prospective cohort study performed at a single center in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. The inclusion criterion was all children admitted to the resuscitation room from October until December 2019. Furthermore, urine sampling is carried out at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours for a syndecan-1 urine examination, and every procedure performed on the patient will be recorded. This action was continued up to the third day and aimed to evaluate some factors related to AKI at 48-72 hours of admission. Result and Discussion: Out of 41 pediatric sepsis patients, 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 57% had AKI. The value of urine syndecan-1 at hour-0 and hour-6 was significantly featured a cut-off point. Conclusion: The value of urine syndecan-1 at hour-0 and hour-6 are valid parameters to predict the occurrence of AKI grades 1, 2, and 3 in pediatric septic patients at 48-72 hours after their hospital admission. The best cut-off value of urine syndecan-1 at the 0th hour was 0.67 ng/ml.

Break through Host Defense: UTI in Pregnant Women in Compare to Non Pregnant

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in pregnant women and provide a substantial therapeutic challenge due to the high potential of serious effects for both the mother and the baby. Pregnancy affects the urinary system physiologically, anatomically, and functionally, which can lead to infections emerging from the urethra. Unlike the general population, all pregnant women should have their urine cultures examined for bacteriuria, and any cases of asymptomatic bacteriuria should be treated, as it is a major risk factor for pyelonephritis in this group. Both the mother and the fetus should be safe from the antibiotic administered. To determine the prevalence of UTI in pregnancy in compare to non-pregnant woman in Wasit province to roll out the impact of pregnancy on the frequency of UTI. A case–control study between 2019 July and 2019 September was carried out on 30 pregnant women in compare to 30 matched non pregnant women were attending Al-Zahraa teaching hospital. A randomized (Every member of a population has the same probability of being picked for the sample, as do all possible samples of a given size) age, employment, present history, previous history, obstetric history, sex partner, frequency of sexual intercourse, and peeing frequency were all analyzed separately utilizing a plate form questioner. Urine samples, as well as a regular urine examination and urine culture, were obtained from the women who were being studied. Bacteriouria was shown to be prevalent in 13.3% of women, 16.7% of pregnant women, and 10% of non-pregnant women in this research. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in all women was 5/60 cases 8.3%. This indicates that about 16.7% of pregnant women are at risk of development of acute episode of UTI during pregnancy if they are not properly treated. In pregnant women, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are still a prevalent concern, particularly in the second trimester. During the prenatal period, urinalysis is necessary for all pregnant women. Early diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria will be aided by the screening, preventing complications for both mother and child. The most prevalent risk factors for UTI during pregnancy were poor personal cleanliness, a history of UTI, diabetes mellitus, and anemia. As a result, the study suggests that pregnant women get health education on personal sanitary cleanliness, be advised not to overuse antibiotics, and undergo frequent comprehensive urine analysis.

Urine analysis in KUB calculi in a tertiary care hospital

Background: This study was conducted to study the complete urine examination in patients presented with stones in kidney ureter and bladder.Methods: A retrospective study was done in patients with KUB stones who are attended OP or admitted in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. The data was collected from the Department of Urology, Radiology and Clinical pathology and entered in excel sheet, analysed descriptively. In our study 1000 cases were found to be CT-KUB and their urine samples are examined by dipstick method, microscopic examination and computed tomography (kidney ureter bladder) remain the most accurate imaging modality to detect kidney stones and to direct management.Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1000 patients with KUB stones and their urine examination was done. CT-KUB stones are found in the kidney of 540 patients, ureter- 440 patients, bladder- 20 patients respectively. In our study 17-70 years age group of patients were presented with stones and their urine examination showed RBC (30%), protein (21%), pus cells and leukocytes (26%).Conclusions: The present study found abnormal components are present in urine of KUB stone patients such as Red blood cells, Protein, Pus cells and leukocytes present. Hence it is mandatory to check the urine examination in-KUB Stone patients to prevent the further consequences in kidney, ureter and bladder.

TO STUDY THE DIFFERENT COMPLICATIONS DURING ANTEPARTUM, INTRAPARTUM AND POSTPARTUM PERIODS WITH POSSIBLE MEASURES TO MANAGE TWIN PREGNANCY

Background: The present study of twins was done among the patients admitted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore. Method: Blood sample from the mother was collected for estimation of hemoglobin percentage to diagnose anemia, ABO & Rh typing for blood transfusion if necessary. Urine examination for albumin, sugar & acetone. Special investigations like USG done whenever possible. In maximum cases ultrasonography was done to detect or confirm presence of twins, their lie, maturity, gestational age, rule out congenital anomaly & to note any IUGR, Discordant growth. Amount of liquor also noted. Result: 143 (85.10%) babies were LBW. The main factors responsible for LBW were IUGR and prematurity. Intrauterine growth retardation affected 42 cases (24.41%) while prematurity affected 42 cases (24.41%) and 8 (9.3%) cases aborted. Intrauterine death was more common in first baby, because of malpresentations. Asphyxia was found to be slightly more in second baby in our study. Congenital anomalies were found in total 3 cases (1.78%). In one case, baby-2 was Anencephalic and in the other case baby-2 had fetal ascites. In one case baby-1 had multiple congenital anomalies with imperforate anus. Cord prolapse was present in one case. In one case (Case No. 17) first baby was presented by footling with cord prolapse LSCS was done, baby had SBA and died 1 day after birth. There were 8 abortions. All were second trimester abortions (12 weeks and 22 weeks). Conclusion: In the present study, incidence of various antepartum and intrapartum complications were less in booked cases, which shows that availability of antenatal care to more patients will further reduce their incidence and thus will decrease maternal morbidity. Keywords: Complications, Antepartum, Intrapartum & Postpartum.

Estimating 24 Hour Sodium Urine from Spot Urine: A Correlation Model Among Aged 25-64 in Indonesia

INTRODUCTION: Excess salt intake is known to raise blood pressure and turn increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Data and information on sodium consumption in Indonesia based is limited, while examination method using 24-hour urine examination is a complex method to apply in population based survey. Objective: to estimate value of spot urinary excretion against 24-hour urine values ​​and correction factors. METHOD: Validation was carried out through 24-hour urine and spot urine examination, in 423 individual aged 25-65 years in t Kebun Kelapa Village, Bogor City, Indonesia in 2017. Urine sodium examination method was carried out by laboratory examination inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Accuracy and precision are valued by paired test correlations and mean differences. The coefficient of determination (R Square) of is calculated for sodium intake estimation and correction factors. RESULTS: The morning value of sodium spot urine has better precision and a stronger correlation with the 24-hour sodium urine than the afternoon spot urine. The difference in average morning sodium urine with 24-hour urine sodium according to age and sex was not significantly different (t test 0.30 and p = 0.77), had a positive and moderate correlation (paired r = 0.50 and p = 0.00). The average difference between the estimated evening urine sodium spot was different (t test = 7.32 and p = 0.00), and the correlation was very weak (r = 0.25; p = 0.00). CONCLUSION: The urine content / sodium spot level was accurate to estimate urine sodium value / content 24 hours.

Orbital migration of schistosome eggs: a case report

Background Ocular damage, including damage to the conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eyelids, and orbit, caused by Schistosoma haematobium is sporadic. We report a clinical case of orbital migration of schistosome eggs. Case presentation A 14-year-old boy of Malian nationality presented with a painless swelling of the upper right eyelid, which had been gradually increasing for approximately 3 months. Visual acuity was logMAR 0.10 and 0.00 in the right and left eye, respectively. External examination revealed a right palpebral mass, pushing the globe slightly downward and inward. Computed tomography revealed a mass of the right lacrimal gland. Total excision of the mass was performed by transpalpebral orbitotomy. Pathological examination revealed an inflammatory granulomatous infiltrate of the lacrimal gland consisting of lymphocytes, eosinophils, giant cells, epithelioid cell, histiocytes and calcified Schistosoma eggs with terminal spine. Urine examination revealed eggs of S. haematobium. Praziquantel 40 mg/kg was administered to the patient. The hematuria stopped after 1 week. After 3 years of follow-up, no recurrence was noted. Conclusions The bilharzian granuloma of the lacrimal gland is an ectopic site of the parasite. In this case, the granuloma was cured by surgical excision followed by a course of Praziquantel.