Scutellaria: Biotechnology, Phytochemistry and Its Potential as a Commercial Medicinal Crop

2012 ◽  
pp. 69-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Joshee ◽  
A. Tascan ◽  
F. Medina-Bolivar ◽  
P. Parajuli ◽  
A. M. Rimando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Crop

Environmental shifts have important impacts on the functional traits and bioactive products of medicinal crop Cornus officinalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 113304
Author(s):  
Ying Xue ◽  
Bo Cao ◽  
Hui Liang ◽  
Jingjing Yang ◽  
Pufan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Cornus Officinalis ◽  
Medicinal Crop

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Two Bottle Gourd Accessions Differing in Fruit Size

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Hongyuan Zhang ◽  
Jie Tan ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Shuping Huang ◽  
Xia Chen
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Molecular Regulation ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Significant Differential Expression ◽  
Medicinal Crop ◽  
Upregulated Genes ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis

The bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is an important horticultural and medicinal crop with high nutritional value. This study aimed at examining the molecular regulation of fruit size in bottle gourd. We performed transcriptome sequencing of two bottle gourd cultivars differing in their fruit size. The average fruit length and weight of the cultivar Hang (39.48 cm/624.4 g) were higher than those of the cultivar USA (10.34 cm/152.8 g) at maturity. Transcriptome sequencing and assembly resulted in 89,347 unigenes. A total of 1250 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were found between the two cultivars, including 422 upregulated genes and 828 downregulated genes in Hang as compared to USA. Genes related to cell wall metabolism, phytohormones, cell cycle, and cell division showed significant differential expression between the two cultivars. DEGs encoding transcription factors (TF) from nine TF families were also identified. The ethylene response factor family was the most enriched among these families. Our study provides a basis for further investigations of the molecular regulation of fruit size in bottle gourd.

scholarly journals Changes in the Microbiome in the Soil of an American Ginseng Continuous Plantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiguang Zhang ◽  
Sanhong Fan ◽  
Jun Qin ◽  
Jichen Dai ◽  
Fangjie Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Root Pathogens ◽  
Medicinal Crop ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

American ginseng is an important herbal medicinal crop in China. In recent years, there has been an increasing market demand for ginseng, but the production area has been shrinking due to problems associated with continuous monocropping. We analyzed the microbiome in bulk soils to assess whether and, if so, what changes in the bulk soil microbiome are associated with continuous American ginseng cropping. The alpha diversity of fungi and bacteria was significantly lower in the soils planted with American ginseng than the virgin (non-planted) land. The relative abundance of Fusarium spp. and Ilyonectria spp., known plant root pathogens, was much higher in the soils cropped with American ginseng than the non-planted. On the other hand, a number of bacteria with biodegradation function, such as Methylibium spp., Sphingomonas spp., Variovorax spp., and Rubrivivax spp., had lower abundance in the soils cropped with American ginseng than the non-cropped. In addition, soil pH was lower in the field planted with American ginseng than the non-planted. Accumulation of fungal root pathogens and reduction of soil pH may, therefore, have contributed to the problems associated with continuous monocropping of American ginseng.

Enhancedin vitroproduction of colchicine inGloriosa superbaL. — an emerging industrial medicinal crop in South India

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sivakumar ◽  
K.V. Krishnamurthy ◽  
E.J. Hahn ◽  
K.Y Paek
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Medicinal Crop

scholarly journals Occurrence and Partial Characterization of a New Mechanically Transmissible Virus in Mashua from the Ecuadorian Highlands

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Soria ◽  
R. Vega ◽  
V. D. Damsteegt ◽  
L. L. McDaniel ◽  
S. L. Kitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Polyclonal Antiserum ◽  
Native People ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Medicinal Crop ◽  
Coated Plate ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Andean Highlands

Mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum) is a tuber crop indigenous to the Andean highlands and of economic value to its native people as a food and medicinal crop. Field plants often exhibit symptoms typical of virus infection, including interveinal chlorosis, leaf cupping, distortion, and stunting. Using an herbaceous host range, at least 1 mechanically transmissible virus was detected in each of 10 accessions. All virus isolates tested reacted to potyvirus group antiserum in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results of monoclonal antibody testing using antigen coated plate (ACP) ELISA, where virions are disrupted to expose cryptotopes, indicated that isolate Tt 4 has epitopes in common with maize dwarf mosaic potyvirus A (MDMV-A). Polyclonal antiserum produced to purified preparations of the Tt 4 isolate reacted in indirect ELISA to Tt 4, the common strain of potato potyvirus Y (PVY-C), less strongly to tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) and potato potyvirus A (PVA), but not to 11 other potyviruses, including MDMV-A. Conversely, the Tt 4 isolate reacted strongly in indirect ELISA to antisera to bean common mosaic potyvirus (BCMV) and watermelon mosaic potyvirus 2 (WMV-2), but not antisera to 12 other potyviruses. Our data suggest that isolate Tt 4 is a distinct potyvirus closely related to and sharing external epitopes with PVY-C, TEV, PVA, WMV-2, and BCMV, and buried epitopes with MDMV-A. The virus has been tentatively named Tropaeolum mosaic potyvirus (TropMV). A survey of T. tuberosum in Ecuador revealed that TropMV was widespread, being detected by ACP-ELISA in 34 of 46 accessions at the National Institute for Agricultural Research's Santa Catalina Research Station, Quito, and all eight production fields surveyed.

scholarly journals Germination Characteristics of Medicinal Crop Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara as Affected by Seed Disinfection and Light Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Ri Lee ◽  
혜리 이 ◽  
Hyeon Min Kim ◽  
Hyeon Woo Jeong ◽  
Myung Min Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Quality ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Seed Disinfection ◽  
Medicinal Crop

scholarly journals 5-Azacytidine Increases Tanshinone Production in Salvia miltiorrhiza Hairy Roots Through Epigenetic Modulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Cheng Yang ◽  
Meng-Shiou Lee ◽  
Ming-Kuem Lin ◽  
Wen-Te Chang
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Methylation Pattern ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Medicinal Crop ◽  
Epigenetic Modulation ◽  
Demethylation Agent

Abstract Recent studies have indicated strong connections between epigenetic modulation and secondary metabolites in plants. It is vital to understand the roles of epigenetics in the production of secondary metabolites. In this study, the DNA demethylation agent 5-azacytidine (5-Az) was used on the hairy roots of the medicinal crop Salvia miltiorrhiza to investigate its effect on secondary metabolite production, gene expression, and methylation levels in gDNA and promoter regions. Our results showed that the contents of tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots increased by 1.5 to 5 times, and most genes in the MEP pathway showed an upward trend. According to our NGS analysis, the methylation pattern in the copalyl diphosphate synthase (CPS) promoter was altered, and 51 out of 145 cytosines were demethylated during 5-Az treatment. A total of 36 different transcription factors (TFs) were identified in these demethylation sites. Among these TFs, NF-Y and MYB were frequently found in our results. This is the first report to demonstrate a possible mechanism of DNA methylation participating in tanshinone biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots by modulating the CPS promoter and TFs.

scholarly journals Mellotria scaraba L. – a promising vegetable crop as a valuable source of biologically active substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (157) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
E. V. Dunaevskaya ◽  
E. N. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Medicinal Crop ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Active Substances

The features of growth and development of Melothria scabra Naudin - a new vegetable and medicinal crop for the Southern Coast of the Crimea (SCC), a source of biologically active substances, including citrulline and arginine, essential micro - and macronutrients. It is established that in the conditions of the SCC, the crop passes a full growing cycle and gives viable seeds; it is resistant to fungal diseases and pests; it stops growing when the average daily temperature decreases to 8-9 ° C, and gives self-seeding. The content of essential elements (potassium 12270 ±131 mg/kg, calcium 2951± 61 mg/kg, magnesium 3101 ± 53.5 mg/kg, ferrum 104.5 ± 4.5 mg/kg, zinc 39.7 ± 0.8 mg/kg, cuprum 13.2± 1.0 mg/kg and manganese – 0.8 ± 0.01 mg/kg) in Melothria scabra fruits was determined. The results obtained allow us to attribute melotria to functional vegetable crops - sources of valuable biologically active substances. and recommend the spread of the culture not only on the SCC, but also in other regions suitable for its cultivation.

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