Beyond Mutualism: Complex Mycorrhizal Interactions

Mycorrhizal interactions of orchids are influenced by several environmental conditions. Hence, knowledge of mycorrhizal fungi associated with orchids inhabiting different ecosystems is essential to designing recovery strategies for threatened species. This study analyzes the mycorrhizal associations of terrestrial orchids colonizing grassland and understory in native ecosystems of the region of La Araucanía in southern Chile. Mycorrhizal fungi were isolated from peloton-containing roots and identified based on the sequence of the ITS region. Their capacities for seed germination were also investigated. We detected Tulasnella spp. and Ceratobasidium spp. in the pelotons of the analyzed orchids. Additionally, we showed that some Ceratobasidium isolates effectively induce seed germination to differing degrees, unlike Tulasnella spp., which, in most cases, fail to achieve protocorm growth. This process may underline a critical step in the life cycle of Tulasnella-associated orchids, whereas the Ceratobasidium-associated orchids were less specific for fungi and were effectively germinated with mycorrhizal fungi isolated from adult roots.

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Mycorrhizal Interactions in Sustainable Agriculture

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology ◽

10.3109/07388559509147413 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 15 (3-4) ◽

pp. 271-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

R. Paul Schreiner ◽

Gabor J. Bethlenfalvay

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Agriculture ◽

Mycorrhizal Interactions

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Zinc-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Interactions: Effect on Nutrient Pool, Enzymatic Antioxidants, and Osmolyte Synthesis in Pigeonpea Nodules Subjected to Cd Stress

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2017.1374400 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (14) ◽

pp. 1684-1700 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Harmanjit Kaur ◽

Neera Garg

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Cd Stress ◽

Nutrient Pool ◽

Mycorrhizal Interactions

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Micro-community associated with ectomycorrhizal Russula symbiosis and sporocarp-producing Russula in Fagaceae dominant nature areas in southern China

10.1101/2020.04.22.056713 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wen Ying Yu ◽

Ming Hui Peng ◽

Jia Jia Wang ◽

Wen Yu Ye ◽

Zong Hua Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indicator Species ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Southern China ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Soil Microbiome ◽

Root Tips ◽

Network Analyses ◽

Mycorrhizal Interactions ◽

Type 3

ABSTRACTRussula griseocarnosa, an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungus, is a species of precious wild edible mushrooms with very high market value in southern China. Its yield is affected by many factors including the tree species and environmental conditions such as soil microbiome, humidity. How the microbiome promotes the ECM fungus symbiosis with Fagaceae plants and sporocarp-producing has never been studied. In this study, we collected rhizosphere samples from Fujian province, the microbiota in the root and mycorrhizal rhizosphere were identified by Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. First, we compared three types of fungal communities: root tips infected with ECM Russula (type 1), tips with Russula sporocarp (type 2) and tips without ECM (type 3). Our results showed that the fungal richness was negatively correlated with Russula. Russula, Tomentella and Lactarius were common in Fagaceae ECM roots. As to the mycorrhizal interactions, Boletus may be considered as an indicator species for sporocarp-producing Russula, and Acremonium, Cladophialophora were associated with Russula symbiosis. Second, we analyzed the fungal and bacterial communities in rhizosphere soils from the corresponding to previously three types (type 1, 2, 3). Dacryobolus and Acidocella may be considered as an indicator species for sporocarp-producing Russula. Fungi Tomentella, Saitozyma, Elaphomyces and bacteria Acidicaldus, Bryobacter, Sorangium and Acidobacterium occurred more frequently in the ECM Russula rhizosphere. Furthermore, the indicators Elaphomyces, Tomentella, Sorangium had a positive correlation with Russula symbiosis by network analyses. Overall, our results suggest a relationship between micro-community and ECM Russula formation and Russula sporocarp, which may provide new strategies for improving Russula symbiosis rate and sporocarp production.

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Micorriza arbuscular, Mucoromycotina y hongos septados oscuros en helechos y licófitas con distribución en México: una revisión global

Revista de Biología Tropical ◽

10.15517/rbt.v65i3.29443 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 1062

Author(s):

Luis Alberto Lara-Pérez ◽

Ramón Zulueta-Rodríguez ◽

Antonio Andrade-Torres

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Dark Septate Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Interactions ◽

Taxonomic Groups ◽

Fungal Interactions ◽

Ferns And Lycophytes

Ferns and lycophytes are a group of vascular plants of interest to understand the evolution of mycorrhizal interactions; their preservation is of relevance for their multiple ecological relations. The record of different taxonomic groups of fungi associated with ferns and lycophytes is fragmentary, and the criteria for it identification is inconsistent, which hinders the understanding and determination of mycorrhizal status. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of the species of ferns and lycophytes with distribution in Mexico, and with information of fungal interactions. A checklist of the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Mucoromycotina and dark septate fungi (DSF) associated with ferns and lycophytes was integrated through an exhaustive global literature search. In this study, mycorrhizal species was considered by the presence of arbuscules to differentiate with hyphal, vesicular and coils colonization. The study gathered a checklist of mycorrhizal occurrences of 27 families, 61 genus and 137 species of ferns and lycophytes, which covers 13.4 % of the species, 91 % of the genus and 77 % of the families distributed in Mexico. The 78.1 % of the species showed colonization, 56.2 % by AMF, 29.9 % by DSF and 0.72 % by Mucoromycotina fungi. From the total of the species, the higher presences of colonization were in terrestrial, epiphytic, saxicolous, and aquatic plants with 76.6 %, 33.3 %, 20 %, and 6.3 %, respectively. The families of ferns and lycophytes with the higher number of species colonized were Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Aspleniaceae and Dryopteridaceae. The present study showed the widespread associations of AMF and DSF in ferns and lycophytes of Mexico. It is urgently needed to include ferns and lycophytes in studies focused on endomycorhizal interactions, since only 28 species (28 %) were studied in Mexican ecosystems. The majority of studies were focused on sporophytic face (80 %). Nonetheless, to understand the role that plays the mycorrhiza in the establishment of ferns and lycophytes, it is necessary to include the gametophytic face in ecological, molecular and physiological experimental studies. This information is important to implement conservation strategies, because a considerable number of ferns and lycophytes species, depend on these mycorrhizal associations for their growth and survival.

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