Microscopic Pathology of Intramural Coronary Arteries and Arterioles of the Left Ventricle in Arterial Hypertension

1981 ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rahlf
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Microscopic Pathology

IV. Postscript to a paper “On the ganglia and nerves of the heart.”

1849 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 47-48
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Anterior Surface ◽  
Entire Surface ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Nervous Structure

Since the communication above referred to was presented to the Royal Society, I have made a very minute dissection in alcohol of the whole nervous system of the young heifer’s heart. The distribution of the ganglia and nerves over the entire surface of the heart, and the relations of these structures to the blood-vessels and muscular substance, are far more fully displayed in these preparations than in any of my former dissections. On the anterior surface, there are distinctly visible to the naked eye ninety ganglia or ganglionic enlargements on the nerves, which pass obliquely across the arteries and the muscular fibres of the ventricles from their base to the apex. These ganglionic enlargements are observed on the nerves, not only where they are crossing the arteries, but where they are ramifying on the muscular substance without the blood-vessels. On the posterior surface, the principal branches of the coronary arteries plunge into the muscular substance of the heart near the base, and many nerves with ganglia accompany them throughout the walls to the lining membrane and columnse carneæ. From the sudden disappearance of the chief branches of the coronary arteries on the posterior surface, the nervous structure distributed over a consider­ able portion of the left ventricle is completely isolated from the blood-vessels, and on these, numerous ganglionic enlargements are likewise observed, but smaller in size than the chains of ganglia formed over the blood-vessels on the anterior surface of the heart. In the accompanying beautiful drawings, Mr. West has depicted with the greatest accuracy and minuteness the whole nervous structures demon­strable in these preparations on the surface of the heart. But the ganglia and nerves represented in these drawings constitute only a small portion of the nervous system of the heart, numerous ganglia being formed in the walls of the heart which no artist can represent. It can be clearly demonstrated that every artery distributed throughout the walls of the Uterus and Heart, and every muscular fasciculus of these organs, is supplied with nerves upon which ganglia are formed.

scholarly journals Three Vessel Coronary Cameral Fistulae Associated with New Onset Atrial Fibrillation and Angina Pectoris

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Murat Yuksel ◽  
Abdulkadir Yildiz ◽  
Mustafa Oylumlu ◽  
Nihat Polat ◽  
Halit Acet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Rate ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
New Onset

Coronary cameral fistulas are abnormal communications between a coronary artery and a heart chamber or a great vessel which are reported in less than 0.1% of patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. All three major coronary arteries are even less frequently involved in fistula formation as it is the case in our patient. A 68-year-old woman was admitted to cardiology clinic with complaints of exertional dyspnea and angina for two years and a new onset palpitation. Standard 12-lead electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation (AF) with a ventricular rate of 114 beat/minute and accompanying T wave abnormalities and minimal ST-depression on lateral derivations. Transthoracic echocardiographic examination was normal except for diastolic dysfunction, minimally mitral regurgitation, and mild to moderate enlargement of the left atrium. Sinus rhythm was achieved by medical cardioversion with amiodarone infusion. Coronary angiography revealed diffuse and multiple coronary-left ventricle fistulas originating from the distal segments of both left and right coronary arterial systems without any stenosis in epicardial coronary arteries. The patient’s symptoms resolved almost completely with medical therapy. High volume shunts via coronary artery to left ventricular microfistulas may lead to increased volume overload and subsequent increase in end-diastolic pressure of the left ventricle and may cause left atrial enlargement.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF ENALAPRIL AND PERINDOPRIL IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND LEFT VENTRICLE SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Grinshtein ◽  
O. L. Barbarash ◽  
D. A. Yakhontov ◽  
A. E. Popelysheva ◽  
V. V. Shabalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction

scholarly journals Serum Zinc and Selenium Concentrations in Patients with Hypertrophy and Remodelling of the Left Ventricle Secondary to Arterial Hypertension

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Paweł Gać ◽  
Karolina Czerwińska ◽  
Małgorzata Poręba ◽  
Adam Prokopowicz ◽  
Helena Martynowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Geometry ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Concentric Hypertrophy

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between serum selenium and zinc concentrations (Se-S and Zn-S) and the left ventricle geometry in patients suffering from arterial hypertension. A total of 78 people with arterial hypertension (mean age: 53.72 ± 12.74 years) participated in the study. Se-S and Zn-S were determined in all patients. The type of left ventricular remodelling and hypertrophy was determined by the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT) measured by echocardiography. Se-S and Zn-S in the whole group were 89.84 ± 18.75 µg/L and 0.86 ± 0.13 mg/L. Normal left ventricular geometry was found in 28.2% of patients; left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 71.8%, including concentric remodelling in 28.2%, concentric hypertrophy in 29.5%, and eccentric hypertrophy in 14.1%. LVH was statistically significantly more frequent in patients with Se-S < median compared to patients with Se-S ≥ median (87.2% vs. 56.4%, p < 0.05), as well as in patients with Zn-S < median compared to patients with Zn-S ≥ median (83.8% vs. 60.9%, p < 0.05). In hypertensive patients, older age, higher LDL cholesterol, higher fasting glucose, lower Se-S, and lower Zn-S were independently associated with LVH. In conclusion, in hypertensive patients, left ventricular hypertrophy may be associated with low levels of selenium and zinc in the serum.

scholarly journals Оценка изменений гемодинамики при вентрикуло-коронарной перфузии

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
V. Ye. Tolpekin ◽  
D. V. Shumakov ◽  
E. K. Gasanov ◽  
R. Sh. Saitgareyev ◽  
A. V. Mukha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Myocardial Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Myocardial Revascularization ◽  
Research Results

One of the most popular methods of myocardial revascularization is the surgery of coronary arteries. Our research results revealed that adequate myocardial blood flow is provided by hemo-perfusion from the left ventricle to coronary arter-ies.

scholarly journals The role of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mechanisms of ischemic myocardial remodeling

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
A. P. Khlapov ◽  
Yu. Yu. Vechersky ◽  
N. V. Ryazantseva ◽  
V. V. Kalyuzhin ◽  
L. R. Mustafina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Atherosclerotic Disease ◽  
Myocardial Remodeling ◽  
Early Stages

Here the role of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mechanisms of ischemic myocardial remodeling was investigated. The samples of left ventricle were obtained on 50 patients with the diagnosed atherosclerotic disease of coronary arteries and heart failure. Obtained data allow to approve about the maximal importance of cardiomyocyte apoptosis at an early stages of ischemic myocardial remodeling. The role of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was decreased at a high volume of left ventricle. The received results suggest about an importance of cardiomyocyte apoptosis as an marker of ischemic myocardial remodeling and heart failure.

scholarly journals Features of structural and functional remodeling of the left ventricle in patients suffering from arterial hypertension with concomitant hypothyroidism

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
V. I. Tseluyko ◽  
L. M. Yakovleva ◽  
D. A. Korchagina
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Remodeling ◽  
The Mean

The aim – to study the features of structural and functional remodeling of the left ventricle in patients suffering from arterial hypertension with concomitant hypothyroidism and to determine clinical and past medical history and laboratory factors associated with their development. Materials and methods. 50 patients suffering from hypertension with concomitant hypothyroidism were enrolled into the study. Depending on the level of thyroid stimulating hormone in the serum the examined patients were distributed into two groups of 25 patients with the compensated and 25 with decompensated course of hypothyroidism. The control group consisted of 30 patients with hypertension in which the pathology of the thyroid gland was excluded. The comparison of the main parameters of the echocardiography study of the myocardium has been performed depending on hypothyroidism compensation. Assessment of parameters of transmitral diastolic blood flow has been performed. A regression analysis has been conducted to detect the relation of clinical and past medical history factors and echocardiographic parameters with the development of diastolic dysfunction by E/A ratio. The values of central hemodynamics have been studied for evaluation of the contractile function of the myocardium. Results and discussion. According to the results of the echocardiography of both examined groups it has been found that the final systolic and stroke volume exceeded the parameters of the control group. The mean value of the left ventricle ejection fraction was statistically significantly lower than in the control group (p=0.004). The left ventricle myocardial mass in patients with hypothyroidism was statistically significantly greater than in the control group. It was proved that in patients, who were diagnosed with decompensated hypothyroidism, the mean value of the left atrium size to growth by the degree of 2.7 was statistically significantly higher than in the control group (p=0.01), whereas the average value of the ratio of the size of the left atrium to the surface area of the body had no statistically significant differences between the groups. It has been found that in both groups the proportion of patients with diastolic dysfunction in which the E/A ratio was less than 1.0 was higher than in the control group (р=0.01 and p=0.03, respectively). The independent factors of diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in patients with hypertension in the presence of hypothyroidism have been found. Conclusions. In the presence of decompensated hypothyroidism in patients with arterial hypertension, both with obesity and with normal body mass index, left ventricular mass indexes were significantly higher in comparison with a control group. Regardless of the compensation of the thyroid state in patients with arterial hypertension, the ejection fraction was significantly lower. According to regression analysis, independent factors for the development of diastolic dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension and hypothyroidism with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 is the index of mass of the left ventricular myocardium, determined by the degree of 2.7, the level of total cholesterol to statistical significance – the level of office systolic blood pressure and the duration of hormone replacement therapy for hypothyroidism; with body mass index < 30 kg/m2 – age and left atrial index, determined by body surface area. For patients with arterial hypertension and reduced thyroid gland function, violation of the left ventricular myocardial relaxation is typical as evidenced by a higher proportion of patients with a decrease in E/A to less than 0.8 in these patients.

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