Interferon-Induced Modifications of the Fatty Acid Side Chains of Cell Membrane Phospholipids

1987 ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
K. A. Chandrabose ◽  
S. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids

scholarly journals Polarization of Macrophages in Human Adipose Tissue is Related to the Fatty Acid Spectrum in Membrane Phospholipids

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Poledne ◽  
Hana Malinska ◽  
Hana Kubatova ◽  
Jiri Fronek ◽  
Filip Thieme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophages

Residential macrophages in adipose tissue play a pivotal role in the development of inflammation not only within this tissue, but also affect the proinflammatory status of the whole body. Data on human adipose tissue inflammation and the role of macrophages are rather scarce. We previously documented that the proportion of proinflammatory macrophages in human adipose tissue correlates closely with non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. We hypothesized that this is due to the identical influence of diet on both parameters and decided to analyze the fatty acid spectrum in cell membrane phospholipids of the same individuals as a parameter of the diet consumed. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages were isolated from human adipose tissue (n = 43) and determined by flow cytometry as CD14+CD16+CD36high and CD14+CD16−CD163+, respectively. The spectrum of fatty acids in phospholipids in the cell membranes of specimens of the same adipose tissue was analyzed, and the proportion of proinflammatory macrophage increased with the proportions of palmitic and palmitoleic acids. Contrariwise, these macrophages decreased with increasing alpha-linolenic acid, total n-3 fatty acids, n-3/n-6 ratio, and eicosatetraenoic acid. A mirror picture was documented for the proportion of anti-inflammatory macrophages. The dietary score, obtained using a food frequency questionnaire, documented a positive relation to proinflammatory macrophages in individuals who consumed predominantly vegetable fat and fish, and individuals who consumed diets based on animal fat without fish and nut consumption. he present data support our hypothesis that macrophage polarization in human visceral adipose tissue is related to fatty acid metabolism, cell membrane composition, and diet consumed. It is suggested that fatty acid metabolism might participate also in inflammation and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals The participation of phospholipids in the interaction of leucocidin and the cell membrane of the polymorphonuclear leucocyte

1967 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Woodin ◽  
Antonnette A. Wieneke
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

1. The interaction of the two components of leucocidin with various lipids has been studied by sedimentation, flotation, light-scattering and changes in the biological activity of leucocidin. 2. Phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, diphosphoinositide, triphosphoinositide and phosphatidic acid, but not phosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylcholine, cerebrosides, gangliosides or tristearin, induce aggregation of the F component of leucocidin. 3. The S component of leucocidin does not interact directly with these phospholipids, but interacts with the F component of leucocidin after its modification by lipids. 4. The increased sedimentation or light-scattering induced by low phospholipid concentrations is reversed at higher phospholipid concentrations. 6. The aggregates formed by phospholipids and leucocidin are due, not to adsorption of leucocidin alone, but also to the formation of leucocidin polymers. 7. It is concluded that the aggregation is due to the interaction of the F component with the fatty acid side chains in the lipid micelle. 8. The S component of leucocidin is inactivated by triphosphoinositide at physiological ionic strength; the F component of leucocidin is inactivated at low ionic strength by triphosphoinositide and remains inactive when the ionic strength is increased. 9. It is suggested that in the leucocyte cell membrane the S component of leucocidin interacts with the polar hydrophilic groups of triphosphoinositide and that the F component of leucocidin interacts with the hydrophobic parts of triphosphoinositide.

scholarly journals Lipotoxic stress alters the membrane lipid profile of extracellular vesicles released by Huh-7 hepatocarcinoma cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Buratta ◽  
Y. Shimanaka ◽  
E. Costanzi ◽  
S. Ni ◽  
L. Urbanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Δ9 Desaturase ◽  
Hepatocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Hepatic Lipotoxicity

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are well-known mediators in intercellular communication playing pivotal roles in promoting liver inflammation and fibrosis, events associated to hepatic lipotoxicity caused by saturated free fatty acid overloading. However, despite the importance of lipids in EV membrane architecture which, in turn, affects EV biophysical and biological properties, little is known about the lipid asset of EVs released under these conditions. Here, we analyzed phospholipid profile alterations of EVs released by hepatocarcinoma Huh-7 cells under increased membrane lipid saturation induced by supplementation with saturated fatty acid palmitate or Δ9 desaturase inhibition, using oleate, a nontoxic monounsaturated fatty acid, as control. As an increase of membrane lipid saturation induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we also analyzed phospholipid rearrangements in EVs released by Huh-7 cells treated with thapsigargin, a conventional ER stress inducer. Results demonstrate that lipotoxic and/or ER stress conditions induced rearrangements not only into cell membrane phospholipids but also into the released EVs. Thus, cell membrane saturation level and/or ER stress are crucial to determine which lipids are discarded via EVs and EV lipid cargos might be useful to discriminate hepatic lipid overloading and ER stress.

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Scyphostatin Analogues Possessing Various Saturated Fatty Acid Side-Chains.

ChemInform ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Watanabe ◽  
Takamasa Oguchi ◽  
Toshiya Takizawa ◽  
Miki Furuuchi ◽  
Hideki Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Side Chains

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin and rosuvasta tin on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte membranes in patients with unstable angina

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
T.V. Bogdan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Stabilization Of Membranes ◽  
Dynamic Structures

Numerous studies have demonstrated the superiority of rosuvastatin over other statins in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. It has been proven that rosuvastatin is more effectively lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with cardiovascular disease than other members of this drug group. Despite the known mechanisms of action of statins on blood lipids, their effective use in patients with cardiovascular disease, as well as side effects, the influence of these drugs on the fatty acid spectrum of lymphocyte (LC) membrane phospholipids in patients with ischemic heart disease remains unexplored. The results of the studies cited in the article indicate that, in patients with unstable angina who received the therapy that included rosuvastatin, unlike patients receiving the basic treatment with atorvastatin, the relative phosphate lipid contents of palmitic, stearic, and stearin arachidonic polyunsaturated fatty acids and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids are normalized, which testifies to the stabilization of membranes as dynamic structures.

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