Demonstration: Virtual Patient Immersive Trainer to Train Perceptual Skills Using Augmented Reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 470-472
Author(s):  
Christen E. Sushereba ◽  
Laura G. Militello
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Virtual Patient ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Perceptual Skills ◽  
Individual Interaction ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Microsoft Hololens

In this session, we will demonstrate the Virtual Patient Immersive Trainer (VPIT). The VPIT system uses augmented reality (AR) to allow medics and medical students to experience a photorealistic, life-sized virtual patient. The VPIT supports learners in obtaining the perceptual skills required to recognize and interpret subtle perceptual cues critical to assessing a patient’s condition. We will conduct an interactive demonstration of the virtual patient using both a tablet (for group interaction) and an AR-enabled headset (Microsoft HoloLens) for individual interaction. In addition, we will demonstrate use of the instructor tablet to control what the learner sees (e.g., injury types, severity of injury) and to monitor student performance.

15 Use of Bioelectric Impedance Analysis in Burn Patients: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S16-S16
Author(s):  
Ian F Hulsebos ◽  
Maxwell B Johnson ◽  
Leigh J Spera ◽  
Megan C Fobar ◽  
Zachary J Collier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance Analysis ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Risk Patients

Abstract Introduction Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a rapid, non-invasive, and inexpensive technology based on electrical conductivity. BIA assesses body composition, fluid shifts, and phase angle, an electrical force vector where smaller values suggest cellular injury. Our objective was to use BIA to longitudinally track the clinical status of burn patients. We hypothesized that BIA would detect progressive decreases in muscle mass throughout the patient’s hospital course and that low phase angle values would correlate with severity of injury. Methods A cohort study of 10 patients from January 1, 2020 to March 13, 2020 was performed at an ABA-verified burn center. Patient and burn characteristics and laboratory data were collected. BIA measurements were performed daily for the first 10 days of admission and then twice weekly until discharge. The primary outcome was to detect changes in body composition. The secondary objectives were to detect differences between low and high-risk patients in terms of water composition and phase angle. Patients with APACHE II > 15, measured at burn unit admission, were considered high risk for burn injury related morbidity and mortality. Results BIA detected a statistically significant negative correlation between time spent hospitalized and leg lean mass (LM) (r2=0.56, P< 0.0001), right arm LM (r2=0.52, P< 0.0001) and left leg LM (r2=0.57, P< 0.0001), and positive correlation between body fat mass (BFM) and time spent hospitalized (r2=0.50, P=0.0004). Water composition (volume of extracellular water (ECW) per total body water (TBW)) negatively correlated with low-risk patients: right arm (r2=0.51, P< 0.0001), left arm (0.71, P< 0.001), thorax (0.66, P< 0.0001), right leg (0.74, P< 0.0001), left leg (0.35, P=0.002). Full body phase angle increased with low-risk patients over their hospital course (r2=0.62, P< 0.0001), while phase angle decreased with high-risk patients (r2=0.71, P=0.0006). Full body phase angle differentiated high risk patients (P< 0.0001), and phase angle of thorax differentiated between patients with and without inhalation injury (P=0.002). Conclusions Our study demonstrates that BIA measures changes in body composition and fluid shifts, identifies inhalation injury, and correlates with severity of injury in hospitalized burn patients. This pilot study included a limited number of participants with varying anatomic injuries presenting unique measurement challenges. Regardless, our preliminary data justifies a larger prospective study to confirm these results and correlate them with clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Statin use is associated with reduced motor recovery after spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Triplet ◽  
Isobel A. Scarisbrick
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Statin Use

Abstract Study design We completed retrospective analysis of statin use in individuals with neurologically significant spinal cord injury in a historical cohort study. Objective Our objective was to establish the prevalence of cholesterol-lowering agent use following spinal cord injury (SCI) and to determine the impact on recovery of motor function. Setting Patients enrolled in the Rochester Epidemiology Project in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA from 2005 to 2018 were included in analysis. Methods Exclusion criteria: age <18, comorbid neurological disease, prior neurological deficit, nontraumatic injury, survival <1 year, or lack of motor deficit. Demographics and cholesterol-lowering agent use in 83 individuals meeting all criteria were recorded. A total of 68/83 individuals were then assessed for change in function over the first 2 months after injury using the ISNCSCI motor subscore. Statistical comparison between control and statin groups was done by two-sided Chi-squared test or two-tailed Student’s t test. Generalized regression was performed to assess associations between independent variables and functional outcome. Results 30% of individuals with SCI had a prescription for a cholesterol-lowering agent. No significant differences were observed in severity of injury or demographic composition between groups. The change in motor subscore was reduced in the statin group compared to controls (p = 0.03, Mann–Whitney). Both severity of injury and statin were significant predictors of reduced motor recovery (p = 0.001, and p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusions Both severity of SCI and statins were significant predictors of reduced motor recovery. Additional investigation is needed to address potential impact of statin-therapy in the context of CNS injury and repair.

scholarly journals Creatine in Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Richard B. Kreider ◽  
Jeffery R. Stout
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Medical Evidence ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Nutritional Strategy ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Health And Disease

Although creatine has been mostly studied as an ergogenic aid for exercise, training, and sport, several health and potential therapeutic benefits have been reported. This is because creatine plays a critical role in cellular metabolism, particularly during metabolically stressed states, and limitations in the ability to transport and/or store creatine can impair metabolism. Moreover, increasing availability of creatine in tissue may enhance cellular metabolism and thereby lessen the severity of injury and/or disease conditions, particularly when oxygen availability is compromised. This systematic review assesses the peer-reviewed scientific and medical evidence related to creatine’s role in promoting general health as we age and how creatine supplementation has been used as a nutritional strategy to help individuals recover from injury and/or manage chronic disease. Additionally, it provides reasonable conclusions about the role of creatine on health and disease based on current scientific evidence. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that creatine supplementation has several health and therapeutic benefits throughout the lifespan.

scholarly journals Proteolytic Digestion of Serum Cardiac Troponin I as Marker of Ischemic Severity

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaya Zahran ◽  
Vivian P Figueiredo ◽  
Michelle M Graham ◽  
Richard Schulz ◽  
Peter M Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Cardiac Troponin I ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Proteolytic Degradation ◽  
Troponin Level ◽  
Proteolytic Digestion ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Clinically Significant

Abstract Background The serum troponin assay is the biochemical gold standard for detecting myocardial infarction (MI). A major diagnostic issue is that some believe troponin levels can rise with reversible injury, in the absence of radiologically detectable infarct. Hypothesis Because cell death activates intracellular proteases, troponin released by irreversible infarct will be more proteolyzed than that released by milder processes. Our goal was to quantify proteolytic digestion of cardiac troponin I in patients with varying degrees of myocardial injury. Methods Serum or plasma samples from 29 patients with cardiac troponin I elevations were analyzed for proteolytic degradation, using 3 different sandwich ELISAs designed to specifically detect the N-terminal, core, or C-terminal regions of cardiac troponin I. Results As predicted, the degree of proteolytic digestion increased with increasing severity of injury, as estimated by the total troponin level, and this trend was more pronounced for C-terminal (vs N-terminal) degradation. The highest degree of proteolytic digestion was observed in patients with ST-elevation MI; the least, in type 2 MI (supply–demand ischemia rather than acute thrombus formation). Conclusions The proteolytic degradation pattern of cardiac troponin I may be a better indicator of clinically significant MI than total serum troponin level. Distinguishing between intact and degraded forms of troponin may be useful for (a) identifying those patients with clinically significant infarct in need of revascularization, (b) monitoring intracellular proteolysis as a possible target for therapeutic intervention, and (c) providing an impetus for standardizing the epitopes used in the troponin I assay.

Time Trends in Incidence and Severity of Injury among NCAA Soccer Players, 1990–1996 and 2004–2009

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Mary J. Barron ◽  
Beverly Westerman ◽  
Loretta DiPietro
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Severity Of Injury

Relation Between Severity of Injury and Neurological Deficit in Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 208-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangzhou Lee ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Dejun Zhong ◽  
Shen Li ◽  
Jianping Kang
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Burst Fracture ◽  
Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture ◽  
Severity Of Injury
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