Efficient IBE with Tight Reduction to Standard Assumption in the Multi-challenge Setting

2016 ◽  
pp. 624-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqing Gong ◽  
Xiaolei Dong ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Zhenfu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Tight Reduction

SHOULD THE PRIVATE SECTOR PROVIDE PUBLIC CAPITAL?

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-346
Author(s):  
SANTANU CHATTERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Public Capital ◽  
Borrowing Constraints ◽  
International Capital ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Production Externalities ◽  
International Capital Markets ◽  
Private Provision ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Government Provision

The choice between private and government provision of a productive public good like infrastructure (public capital) is examined in the context of an endogenously growing open economy. The accumulation of public capital need not require government provision, in contrast to the standard assumption in the literature. Even with an efficient government, the relative costs and benefits of government and private provision depend crucially on the economy's underlying structural conditions and borrowing constraints in international capital markets. Countries with limited substitution possibilities and large production externalities may benefit from governments encouraging private provision of public capital through targeted investment subsidies. By contrast, countries with flexible substitution possibilities and relatively smaller externalities may benefit either from governments directly providing public capital or from regulation of private providers. The transitional dynamics also are shown to depend on the underlying elasticity of substitution and the size of the production externality.

Subtractive MLM and Prosodically Defective Morphemes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Prosodic Structure ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Representative Data

It is shown how the theory of PDM accounts for instances of subtractive MLM—the empirical phenomenon that is notoriously challenging for the claim that morphology is additive. Two general mechanisms inside PDM can predict subtractive MLM: usurpation of moras and the defective integration of morphemic prosodic nodes. Usurpation can arise if a segment underlyingly lacks a mora and ‘usurps’ it from a neighbouring segment that is hence deprived of it. In the second scenario, a prosodic node that is underlyingly not integrated into the higher/lower prosodic structure is affixed to a base and remains defectively integrated in the output. Given the standard assumption that only elements properly integrated under the highest prosodic node of the prosodic hierarchy are visible for the phonetics, this affix node and everything it dominates remain phonetically uninterpreted. It is shown how all attested types of subtractive MLM in the representative data set fall out from these two basic mechanisms.

THE FORWARD PDE FOR EUROPEAN OPTIONS ON STOCKS WITH FIXED FRACTIONAL JUMPS

2005 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 239-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER CARR ◽  
ALIREZA JAVAHERI
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
European Options ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Integro Differential Equation ◽  
Local Variance ◽  
Calendar Dates

We derive a partial integro differential equation (PIDE) which relates the price of a calendar spread to the prices of butterfly spreads and the functions describing the evolution of the process. These evolution functions are the forward local variance rate and a new concept called the forward local default arrival rate. We then specialize to the case where the only jump which can occur reduces the underlying stock price by a fixed fraction of its pre-jump value. This is a standard assumption when valuing an option written on a stock which can default. We discuss novel strategies for calibrating to a term and strike structure of European options prices. In particular using a few calendar dates, we derive closed form expressions for both the local variance and the local default arrival rate.

scholarly journals Epistemic Obligations of the Laity

Episteme ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Boyd Millar
Keyword(s):  
Expert Consensus ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Scientific Issue ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Epistemic Obligation ◽  
Doxastic Attitudes ◽  
Epistemic Obligations

Abstract Very often when the vast majority of experts agree on some scientific issue, laypeople nonetheless regularly consume articles, videos, lectures, etc., the principal claims of which are inconsistent with the expert consensus. Moreover, it is standardly assumed that it is entirely appropriate, and perhaps even obligatory, for laypeople to consume such anti-consensus material. I maintain that this standard assumption gets things backwards. Each of us is particularly vulnerable to false claims when we are not experts on some topic – such falsehoods have systematic negative impacts on our doxastic attitudes that we can neither prevent nor correct. So, when there is clear expert consensus on a given scientific issue, while it is permissible for experts to consume anti-consensus material, laypeople have an epistemic obligation to avoid such material. This argument has important consequences for philosophical discussions of our epistemic obligations to perform or omit belief-influencing actions. Such discussions typically abstract away from the important differences between experts and laypeople. Accordingly, we should reject this typical practice as problematic, and insist instead that laypeople and experts have fundamentally different epistemic obligations.

MONETARY POLICY SWITCHING IN THE EURO AREA AND MULTIPLE STEADY STATES: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1175-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Dufrénot ◽  
Guillaume A. Khayat
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
European Central Bank ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Demand Shock ◽  
Liquidity Trap ◽  
European Central ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Policy Function

This paper investigates, in the case of the euro area, the standard assumption that the liquidity trap steady state, which arises from the existence of the zero lower bound on the nominal interest rate, is locally unstable. We show that the policy function of the European Central Bank (ECB) is described by a nonlinear Taylor rule. Then, using our estimations, we show that around the liquidity trap steady state the equilibrium is locally determinate for most plausible parameter values. Finally, we find that an inflation shock is more efficient than a demand shock to escape the liquidity trap steady state.

Effect of antennas on velocity estimates obtained from crosshole GPR data

Geophysics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. K39-K42 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Irving ◽  
Rosemary J. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antenna Length ◽  
Ground Penetrating

To obtain tomographic images with the highest possible resolution from crosshole ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data, raypaths covering a wide range of angles between the boreholes are required. In practice, however, the inclusion of high-angle ray data in crosshole GPR inversions often leads to tomograms so dominated by inversion artifacts that they contain little reliable subsurface information. Here, we investigate the problems that arise from the standard assumption that all first-arriving energy travels directly between the centers of the antennas. Through numerical modeling, we show that this assumption is often incorrect at high transmitter-receiver angles and can lead to significant errors in tomographic velocity estimates when the antenna length is a significant fraction of the borehole spacing.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI PENGAWASAN INSPEKTORAT TERHADAP PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN PROVINSI PAPUA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparmi Suparmi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Individual Supervision

This study aims to obtain a clear picture of the effects of supervision which consists of routine supervision, individual supervision, and monitoring of the administration of Papua Province.The type of data used is qualitative data and quantitative data. Primary and secondary data is the source of the data used. Data collection techniques used are field data and literature study data. The study was conducted using qualitative analysis techniques and quantitative analysis consisting of research instrument tests, standard assumption tests, and multiple regression analysis.The results showed that the routine supervision variable partially had a significant influence on the administration of the Papua Province. While the special supervision and partial monitoring variables do not have a significant effect on the administration of the Papua Province. Variables of routine supervision, individual supervision, and simultaneous monitoring have a significant influence on the administration of Papua Province.The routine supervision variable is the most dominant factor influencing the administration of Papua Province.

scholarly journals Charge completeness and the massless charge lattice in F-theory models of supergravity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Morrison ◽  
Washington Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Group ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Connected Component ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
Supergravity Theory ◽  
Positivity Condition ◽  
Sufficiency Condition ◽  
Weil Group ◽  
Full Charge ◽  
Made In

Abstract We prove that, for every 6D supergravity theory that has an F-theory description, the property of charge completeness for the connected component of the gauge group (meaning that all charges in the corresponding charge lattice are realized by massive or massless states in the theory) is equivalent to a standard assumption made in F-theory for how geometry encodes the global gauge theory by means of the Mordell-Weil group of the elliptic fibration. This result also holds in 4D F-theory constructions for the parts of the gauge group that come from sections and from 7-branes. We find that in many 6D F-theory models the full charge lattice of the theory is generated by massless charged states; this occurs for each gauge factor where the associated anomaly coefficient satisfies a simple positivity condition. We describe many of the cases where this massless charge sufficiency condition holds, as well as exceptions where the positivity condition fails, and analyze the related global structure of the gauge group and associated Mordell-Weil torsion in explicit F-theory models.

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