The Moral Relevance of Technological Artifacts

2009 ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter-Paul Verbeek
Keyword(s):  
Moral Relevance ◽  
Technological Artifacts

Moral Relevance

Ethics ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Donald C. Emmons
Keyword(s):  
Moral Relevance

Knowing as being: Psychology, limits to knowledge, and an ethics of solidarity

2020 ◽  
pp. 095935432097870
Author(s):  
Peiwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Zen Buddhism ◽  
Philosophical Foundation ◽  
Moral Relevance ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
Science Building ◽  
Critical Science ◽  
Zen Buddhist

Critical epistemological reflection facilitates disciplinary self-reflection, and yet the limitation of this practice needs to examined. This article explores the possibility of a praxis-oriented philosophical foundation for psychology through investigating the limits to knowledge. Integrating insights from critical communicative pragmatist perspectives and Zen Buddhism, this paper outlines what constitutes limits to knowledge and contests the boundary of epistemology, in relation to psychology as a natural science, social science, and critical science. Building upon this deconstruction/reconstruction, Zen Buddhist practice is drawn upon to further illuminate the potential to center psychology through the praxis of knowing as being, which is nontotalizing and always open to uncertainty and fallibility. My key argument is that any notion of epistemology is inadequate when divorced from its intra-connection to being and practice that have inherent ethical and moral relevance. This necessitates deferring philosophizing to a constant and endless practice that upholds an ethics of solidarity.

Developing Tools for New Technology Studies: An Anthropological Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
María Santos ◽  
María Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Technological Style ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Symbolic Processes ◽  
Technological Experience

Anthropology seeks the meanings of standard or repeated behaviors, social processes, or human creations. This is why anthropologists have explored alien and/or distant social settings. What happens when we try to answer the same questions in our own contexts? In other words, how can we use anthropological theories and tools to discover the meaning of the development and adoption of technological artifacts and processes within our own cultural groups? In this article, we suggest that this can be partly achieved through the generation and exchange of theoretical tools. To this end, we propose the concepts of "technical-symbolic trajectories" and "technological style." These have been drawn from our field research and include influences from disciplines other than anthropology. They are then used to generate mid-range explanations to understand: (1) the symbolic processes that, in conjunction with other social, political, and economic forces, shape a specific and identifiable trajectory of technological development and (2) the technical resources, behaviors, and discourses that actors use to achieve the cultural objectives incorporated into any technological experience.

The intelligence explosion revisited

foresight ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Karim Jebari ◽  
Joakim Lundborg
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
General Ability ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
Existential Risk

Purpose The claim that super intelligent machines constitute a major existential risk was recently defended in Nick Bostrom’s book Superintelligence and forms the basis of the sub-discipline AI risk. The purpose of this paper is to critically assess the philosophical assumptions that are of importance to the argument that AI could pose an existential risk and if so, the character of that risk. Design/methodology/approach This paper distinguishes between “intelligence” or the cognitive capacity of an individual and “techne”, a more general ability to solve problems using, for example, technological artifacts. While human intelligence has not changed much over historical time, human techne has improved considerably. Moreover, the fact that human techne has more variance across individuals than human intelligence suggests that if machine techne were to surpass human techne, the transition is likely going to be prolonged rather than explosive. Findings Some constraints for the intelligence explosion scenario are presented that imply that AI could be controlled by human organizations. Originality/value If true, this argument suggests that efforts should focus on devising strategies to control AI rather strategies that assume that such control is impossible.

scholarly journals AI ethics and systemic risks in finance

AI and Ethics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Svetlova
Keyword(s):  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Moral Relevance ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Industrial Standards

AbstractThe paper suggests that AI ethics should pay attention to morally relevant systemic effects of AI use. It draws the attention of ethicists and practitioners to systemic risks that have been neglected so far in professional AI-related codes of conduct, industrial standards and ethical discussions more generally. The paper uses the financial industry as an example to ask: how can AI-enhanced systemic risks be ethically accounted for? Which specific issues does AI use raise for ethics that takes systemic effects into account? The paper (1) relates the literature about AI ethics to the ethics of systemic risks to clarify the moral relevance of AI use with respect to the imposition of systemic risks, (2) proposes a theoretical framework based on the ethics of complexity and (3) applies this framework to discuss implications for AI ethics concerned with AI-enhanced systemic risks.

scholarly journals Liberal nationalisme og politisk teori

Politik ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Scavenius
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Weak Version ◽  
Moral Relevance ◽  
National Responsibility ◽  
Liberal Nationalism ◽  
Innovative Idea

Politically and morally, liberal nationalism is a controversial political theory. Modern political theory tends to argue in favour of a liberal-egalitarian, multi-cultural or cosmopolitan theory. Distinguishing himself from mainstream political theory, David Miller claims the necessity of integrating a national-theoretical argument into political theory. In this paper, I critically examine Miller’s argument. First, I distinguish between a strong and a weak version of the idea that nationality and national fellowship are constitutive of individual identity. Secondly, I discuss Miller’s argument for the moral relevance of national obligations. It is shown that the national aspect of obligations is arbitrarily chosen and does not vindicate a moral relevance of nationality. Finally, the argument for national responsibility is taken into consideration. National responsibility is an innovative idea within modern political theory, i.e. theories of collective responsibility. e strength of the argument of national responsibility is dependent on the assumption that national fellowship is a morally relevant entity. An assumption, however, that is insu ciently justi ed. 

scholarly journals On The Verge of the Hybrid Mind

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Surjo Soekadar ◽  
Jennifer Chandler ◽  
Marcello Ienca ◽  
Christoph Bublitz
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Recent advances in neurotechnology allow for an increasingly tight integration of the human brain and mind with artificial cognitive systems, blending persons with technologies and creating an assemblage that we call a hybrid mind. In some ways the mind has always been a hybrid, emerging from the interaction of biology, culture (including technological artifacts) and the natural environment. However, with the emergence of neurotechnologies enabling bidirectional flows of information between the brain and AI-enabled devices, integrated into mutually adaptive assemblages, we have arrived at a point where the specific examination of this new instantiation of the hybrid mind is essential. Among the critical questions raised by this development are the effects of these devices on the user’s perception of the self, and on the user’s experience of their own mental contents. Questions arise related to the boundaries of the mind and body and whether the hardware and software that are functionally integrated with the body and mind are to be viewed as parts of the person or separate artifacts subject to different legal treatment. Other questions relate to how to attribute responsibility for actions taken as a result of the operations of a hybrid mind, as well as how to settle questions of the privacy and security of information generated and retained within a hybrid mind.

scholarly journals KEBERLANJUTAN BUDAYA DI PELAJAU, KALIMANTAN SELATAN (THE CONTINUOUS CULTURE IN PELAJAU, SOUTH KALIMANTAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartatik Hartatik
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Religion And Nationalism ◽  
Relationship Of

Pelajau merupakan sebuah kawasan pemukiman kuna yang dikelilingi oleh sungai mati dan kini terpecah menjadi beberapa desa. Beberapa toponim menandai ramainya aktivitas pemukiman masa itu, seperti Sumur Candi, Sumur Pemandian Raja, dan Masjid Keramat Pelajau. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran Pelajau pada masa lalu dan hubungannya dengan situs pemukiman tepi sungai bagian hulu Kalimantan Selatan seperti situs Jambu Hulu, Jambu Hilir, dan Nagara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan penalaran induktif. Teknik pengambilan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan ekskavasi, dengan analisis data secara laboratorium, morfologi dan teknologi artefak, serta pendekatan etnoarkeologi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pelajau merupakan pemukiman tepi sungai mempunyai peranan yang penting terhadap perkembangan perekonomian, religi dan nasionalisme di wilayah hulu Kalimantan Selatan. Dari beberapa artefak dan tradisi yang hingga kini masih digunakan, disimpulkan bahwa budaya di Pelajau masih berlanjut dari masa dahulu hingga kini, meskipun sempat terjadi keterputusan generasi dan perubahan konsep pemaknaan terhadap Sumur Candi.Pelajau is an ancient settlement area surrounded by dead river, and nowadays it split into several villages. Some toponyms marked the high activities in the past, such as sumur candi (temple well), sumur pemandian raja (bath well of king) and Masjid Keramat Pelajau (Pelajau Sacred Mosque). This paper aims to identify the role of Pelajau in the pastand relationship of Pelajau with riverbank settlement sites at the upstream of South Kalimantan such as Jambu Hulu, Jambu Hilir and Nagara. The method used is descriptive with inductive reasoning. Data are collected through observation, interviews and excavation, and analysis data are conducted by laboratory, morphology and technological artifacts, as wellas ethnoarchaeological approach. Results from this study indicate that a riverbank settlement of Pelajau has an important role to the development of economy, religion and nationalism in the upstream region of South Kalimantan. Based on some artifacts and traditions which are still in use, it is concluded that the culture in Pelajau is continued from ancient times until present, eventhough there are disconnect generation and changeable concept of sumur candi (temple well) meaning.

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