The Availability of Fossil Energy Resources

2013 ◽  
pp. 19-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resources ◽  
Fossil Energy

THREAT ASSESSMENT OF THE DEPLETION OF TRADITIONAL FUEL-ENERGY RESOURCES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Tymchenko ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Fialko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Threat Assessment ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Global Threat

The issues of the global threat seeing depletion of the main types of traditional fossil energy resources were analyzed. The data is given on the proven world reserves of these energy resources and the timing of their depletion. The theory of M.K. Hubbert on the depletion of mineral deposits is considered. The application of the theory to assess the reserves of fossil energy resources in different countries is analyzed.

Energy, Environment, and Security: Critical Links in a Post-Peak World

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Human Ecology ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Energy Environment

Energy supplies are central to human ecology and key to the sustainability of human communities, but the decline of fossil fuel resources is largely ignored in global environmental politics. Most political analysis of energy focuses on state-centered “energy security” while largely overlooking discourses of environmental or ecological security. Yet energy and the environment are intimately connected; in the 1970s and 1980s, energy resources were seen as very much a part of the environment to be secured, while today fossil energy is seen as an evident threat to the environment, especially through the medium of climate change. This article surveys the changing relationships among energy, the environment, and security, and suggests a framework for examining the discursive forces that have affected such changes. This framework offers guidance toward developing a more ecologically informed approach to energy and (state, global, and human) security under conditions of scarce and declining global fossil fuel supplies.

scholarly journals Fermentative Succinate Production: An Emerging Technology to Replace the Traditional Petrochemical Processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujin Cao ◽  
Rubing Zhang ◽  
Chao Sun ◽  
Tao Cheng ◽  
Yuhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Petrochemical Process ◽  
Succinate Production ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
The Past

Succinate is a valuable platform chemical for multiple applications. Confronted with the exhaustion of fossil energy resources, fermentative succinate production from renewable biomass to replace the traditional petrochemical process is receiving an increasing amount of attention. During the past few years, the succinate-producing process using microbial fermentation has been made commercially available by the joint efforts of researchers in different fields. In this review, recent attempts and experiences devoted to reduce the production cost of biobased succinate are summarized, including strain improvement, fermentation engineering, and downstream processing. The key limitations and challenges faced in current microbial production systems are also proposed.

scholarly journals 8.6. Analysis of the development trend of energy strategies of the BRICS member countries in the field of energy resources use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ц. Чжоу
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Consumption Structure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Development Trend ◽  
Energy Strategies

В данной статье авторы обозначили, что страны – члены БРИКС определили повышение эффективности использования ресурсов как одно из своих приоритетных направлений развития. Различие между странами состоит в том, что Российская Федерация как основной поставщик и экспортер энергии уделяет больше внимания увеличению использования ископаемой энергии за счет увеличения ее добавленной стоимости, остальные же страны – члены БРИКС (с дефицитом энергоресурсов) трансформируют свою структуру потребления энергии, сокращая использование угля за счет увеличения использования возобновляемых источников энергии. In this article, the authors indicated that the BRICS member countries have identified improving the efficiency of resource use as one of their priority areas of development. The difference between the countries is that Russia, as the main supplier and exporter of energy, pays more attention to increasing the use of fossil energy by increasing the added value of energy, while the rest of the BRICS member countries (with a shortage of energy resources) transform their energy consumption structure by reducing the use of coal by increasing the use of renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Analysis of Long-Term Plan for Energy Supply System for Latvia that is 100% Based on the Use of Local Energy Resources

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (-1) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jekaterina Porubova ◽  
Gatis Bazbauers
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Energy Supply System ◽  
Sufficient Energy

Analysis of Long-Term Plan for Energy Supply System for Latvia that is 100% Based on the Use of Local Energy Resources The prices of fossil energy resources are expected to rise substantially in the future, therefore fossil energy resources might not be a feasible energy source for Latvia in the long term. The establishment of a fully self-sufficient energy supply system will require a significant transformation of the existing energy supply and transport infrastructure. Early planning of such a system makes it possible to shape development of the existing energy system in order to achieve that goal of a fully self-sufficient energy supply system. The paper shows a potential solution to establish an energy and transport system solely based on the domestic primary resources by the year 2050.

Steam Explosion Pretreatment Technique and Application in Biomass Conversion

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 525-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Tao Wang ◽  
Li Sha Liu
Keyword(s):  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Steam Explosion Pretreatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Conversion Technology

The research on biomass conversion technology has attracted great attention of the world along with the shortage of fossil energy resources. But the effect and efficiency of the pretreatment technique now used in biomass conversion are not so perfect. Using new steam explosion technique as a pretreatment process of biomass conversion has been reported rarely. The mechanism of steam explosion and its application effect in biomass conversion and utilization were introduced and analyzed respectively in this paper. The result showed that the semi-cellulose of steam exploded corn stalk degraded greatly to 7.57% from 25.4%, and a little cellulose and lignin degraded in this process. The saccharification rate of steam exploded green reserved corn stalk was 33.4% under the condition 2.0Mpa, 120s. It’s 1.33 times higher than the unexploded. According to the result of experimentation, the steam explosion technique should be a good pretreatment method for biomass conversion.

scholarly journals A Review on Transformerless Step-Up Single-Phase Inverters with Different DC-Link Voltage for Photovoltaic Applications

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Liu ◽  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Yongheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Power Electronic Converters ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Photovoltaic Applications ◽  
Fast Development

Photovoltaic (PV) energy has been competitive in power generation as an alternative to fossil energy resources over the past decades. The installation of grid-connected solar energy systems is expected to increase rapidly with the fast development of the power electronics technology. As the key to the interface of the PV energy and the grid, power converters should be reliable, efficient and comply with the grid requirements. Considering the nature of PV energy, the power conversion should be flexible (e.g., high step-up DC-DC conversion and harmonic-free DC-AC conversion). Accordingly, many power electronic converters have been reported in literature. Compared with isolated inverters, transformerless inverters show great advantages. This paper thus presents an overview of the transformerless step-up single-phase inverters for PV applications based on the dc-link configurations. Grid-connected PV inverters are classified as constant dc-link voltage structures, pseudo-dc-link voltage structures, pulsating dc-link voltage structures and integrated dc-link voltage structures. The discussion on the composition of different dc-link structures is presented, which provides guidance to select appropriate transformerless inverter topologies for PV applications.

scholarly journals The Renewable Sources of Energy and the Romanian Energy Security

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Ionuț Alin Cirdei
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Alternative Sources

Abstract Energy security is a matter of particular importance to all the world's states, whether they are producers or consumers of energy resources. For a long time, fossil energy resources have been the only source of energy used on a planetary scale. When mankind realized that fossil energy resources are a finite source of energy and that their intensive use causes many environmental problems, the most important of which is related to global warming, they have tried to find alternative sources of energy. Thus, concerns have arisen about the use of renewable energy on a wider scale, with both individual concerns of states that have potential in this area and collective concerns, such as at EU level, which has proposed by 2020, the share of energy from renewable sources used by the Union states is at least 20% of total consumption. Renewable energy resources may be an alternative to fossil fuels, but at the same time it has a number of limitations and vulnerabilities. Ensuring energy security means a comprehensive approach, understanding of limitations and reducing vulnerabilities

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