Monitoring the Long-Term Effects of Management Practices on Site Productivity in South African Forestry

1986 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
C. J. Schutz
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Site Productivity

scholarly journals An exploration of individual experiences of constant organisational change

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Williams ◽  
A. Crafford ◽  
L. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
South African ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Organisational Change ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual

Ongoing change is an inevitable part of the current organisational context. Change management practices are oftencited as a reason for resistance to change, and as a cause of stress for individuals during change interventions. A qualitative study was undertaken in a technical division of a large South African organisation to explore the individual experiences of employees in the face of constant organisational change. Grounded theory analysis confirmed that constant organisational change and the related change management practices were indeed a source of unpleasant individual experience for employees at the time. Yet, no serious long-term effects of stress were evident. It is suggested that Strümpfer’s (1983–2000) work on salutogenesis and fortigenesis may be useful in explaining the outcome. Further research incorporating larger sample sizes and multiple triangulation methods in the data gathering process is recommended.Opsomming Kontinue verandering is ’n onvermydelike deel van die huidige organisasiekonteks. Veranderingsbestuurspraktyke word gereeld geopper as ’n rede vir die weerstand teen verandering asook die oorsaak van spanning by individue tydens veranderingsintervensies. ‘n Kwalitatiewe studie in die tegniese divisie van ’n groot Suid-Afrikaanse maatskappy is onderneem om die individuele ervaring van werknemers tydens konstante organisasieverandering te ondersoek. ’n Begronde teorie- ontleding het aangetoon dat konstante organisasieverandering en die gepaardgaande veranderingsbestuurspraktyke inderdaad ’n bron van onaangename ervaring vir werknemers is. Desnieteenstaande was ernstige langtermyn gevolge van spanning nie waarneembaar nie . Dit word aangevoer dat Strümpfer (1983–2000) se werk oor salutogenese en fortigenese nuttig mag wees in die verklaring van die bevindings. Verdere navorsing wat groter steekproefgroottes en intermetodiese kruisvalidering tydens die data-insamelingsproses insluit, word voorgestel.

scholarly journals The long-term effects of take-overs on the South African economy

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-231
Author(s):  
N. Bhana
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South African ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Manufacturing Resources

Acquiring companies prefer growth through acquisitions and mergers rather than growth by direct investment in manufacturing resources. A justification for the large number of take-overs is the belief that abnormal gains are to be obtained so. There is substantial empirical evidence showing this untrue. Take-overs contribute immediate short-term gains, and are preferred to internal expansion where the benefits accrue over the long-term. Managers are usually evaluated on short-term performance criteria and therefore they have a bias for take-overs. Several investigators have studied the decline of the United States economy and the corresponding rise of Japan as industrial leader. The unrestrained take-over activity has been the chief reason for the decline of many industries in the United States. Acquiring companies have contributed to their own downfall by not investing sufficiently in up-to-date manufacturing resources. Take-overs lead to economic decline caused by lower productivity of acquired resources. South African companies are showing a strong preference for growth through take-overs. With the take-over process many local industries have come under the control of a few large conglomerates. South African acquiring companies could benefit by following the Japanese example of direct investments in technologically up-to-date manufacturing resources. More direct investment in manufacturing resources will lead to a more vigorous free-enterprise system and will raise the productivity of local industries. A more stringent Competition Act is necessary if South Africa is to avoid the harm to the economy caused by unrestrained take-over activity.

scholarly journals Long-term watershed management is an effective strategy to reduce organic matter export and disinfection by-product precursors in source water

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Majidzadeh ◽  
Huan Chen ◽  
T. Adam Coates ◽  
Kuo-Pei Tsai ◽  
Christopher I. Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Watershed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Water Extracts

Watershed management practices such as prescribed fire, harvesting and understory mastication can alter the chemical composition and thickness of forest detritus, thus affecting the quantity and quality of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM). Long-term effects of watershed management on DOM composition were examined through parallel field and extraction-based laboratory studies. The laboratory study was conducted using detritus samples collected from a pair of managed and unmanaged watersheds in South Carolina, USA. Results showed that dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and ammonium (NH4+-N) concentrations were higher in water extracts from the unmanaged watershed than from the managed watershed (P<0.01). Pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed that water extracts from the unmanaged watershed contained more aromatic compounds than extracts from the managed watershed. For the field study, monthly water samples were collected for 1 year (2015) from the paired watersheds. DOC and TDN concentrations, as well as DOM aromaticity, were significantly higher in the unmanaged watershed than in the managed watershed for most of the year (P<0.05) and were linked to detrital thickness, precipitation and flow patterns. The formation potential of two regulated disinfection by-products was lower in the unmanaged watershed for most of 2015 (P<0.05). From this study, it appears that long-term watershed management practices may alter detrital mass and chemistry in ways that improve water quality.

scholarly journals Effect of different straw management practices on yields of continuous spring barely

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Procházková ◽  
J. Málek ◽  
J. Dovrtěl
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Straw Management ◽  
Straw Burning ◽  
Straw Incorporation ◽  
Yield Trends

Field experiments were conducted in the maize-growing region on heavy gleic fluvisol from 1974 to 2000. Three variants of straw management (straw harvested, incorporated into soil and burned), two variants of soil tillage (conventional plough tillage to 0.22 m, shallow disc tillage to 0.12&ndash;0.15 m) and three variants of fertilization (30, 60 and 90 kg N.ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>) were studied. After conventional tillage, the highest yield was obtained in the variant with burned straw (5.50 t.ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>), followed by the variant with straw incorporated into soil (5.40 t.ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>) and the lowest after harvested straw (5.01 t.ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>). At shallow tillage, lower yields were assessed in all variants of straw management in comparison with conventional tillage (after straw burning 5.07 t.ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>, incorporation into soil 4.66 t.ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup> and harvest 4.54 t.ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>). The ranking of variants was identical to that in inversion tillage; however, the yield increased more after straw burning in comparison with its incorporation into soil. Yields increased regularly along with increasing rates of nitrogen. If long-term effects of straw incorporation on yields and yield trends were evaluated (in comparison with straw harvest), statistically significant decrease in yields was assessed after shallow in contrast with increase in yields after deeper straw incorporation.

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