Reciprocal Induction of Repeated DNA Amplification in an in vitro Host-Parasite System (Lycopersicon aesculentum - Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici)

1993 ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
C. Schipani ◽  
M. L. Guardiola ◽  
F. Martena ◽  
C. Simeti ◽  
P. Bettini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Repeated Dna ◽  
Host Parasite

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

In vitro Cell Wall Stress Assay for Fusarium oxysporum

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Pérez-Nadales ◽  
Antonio Di Pietro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Cell Wall Stress

Effect ofRhizobium leguminosarum on growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
S. Al-Maghribi ◽  
◽  
Y. Hammad ◽  
B. Rezk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum

scholarly journals The Banana Root Endophytome: Differences between Mother Plants and Suckers and Evaluation of Selected Bacteria to Control Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás ◽  
Antonio J. Fernández-González ◽  
Martina Cardoni ◽  
Antonio Valverde-Corredor ◽  
Javier López-Cepero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Phenological Stage ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽  
Identification And Characterization

This study aimed to disentangle the structure, composition, and co-occurrence relationships of the banana (cv. Dwarf Cavendish) root endophytome comparing two phenological plant stages: mother plants and suckers. Moreover, a collection of culturable root endophytes (>1000) was also generated from Canary Islands. In vitro antagonism assays against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) races STR4 and TR4 enabled the identification and characterization of potential biocontrol agents (BCA). Eventually, three of them were selected and evaluated against Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) together with the well-known BCA Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 under controlled conditions. Culturable and non-culturable (high-throughput sequencing) approaches provided concordant information and showed low microbial diversity within the banana root endosphere. Pseudomonas appeared as the dominant genus and seemed to play an important role in the banana root endophytic microbiome according to co-occurrence networks. Fungal communities were dominated by the genera Ophioceras, Cyphellophora, Plecosphaerella, and Fusarium. Overall, significant differences were found between mother plants and suckers, suggesting that the phenological stage determines the recruitment and organization of the endophytic microbiome. While selected native banana endophytes showed clear antagonism against Foc strains, their biocontrol performance against FWB did not improve the outcome observed for a non-indigenous reference BCA (strain PICF7).

In vitro activity of olorofim against clinical isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani species complexes

Mycoses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Badali ◽  
Connie Cañete‐Gibas ◽  
Hoja Patterson ◽  
Carmita Sanders ◽  
Barbara Mermella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Species Complexes

scholarly journals Unraveling the Metabolite Signature of Endophytic Bacillus velezensis Strain Showing Defense Response Towards Fusarium oxysporum

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Yang Cao ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Chang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Secondary Bile Acid ◽  
Pathogen Inhibition

Seedling blight, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, significantly lowers rice production globally. Earlier reports have opined that endophytic bacteria strains could be possible biocontrol agents, but the mechanistic actions involved are still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate the endophytic bacteria with high inhibitory activity and elucidate its possible mechanisms for inducing resistance by metabolomics. The results showed that mdj-36 had the strongest in vitro pathogen inhibition of F. oxysporum, while mdj-34 displayed the lowest inhibitory activity identified as Bacillus velezensis strains. Metabolomic analyses demonstrated that B. velezensis mdj-36 growth medium could produce higher organic acids, terpenes, and diterpene than B. velezensis mdj-34. Further investigation revealed that ‘secondary bile acid biosynthesis’ and ‘glycerophospholipid metabolism’ pathways played essential roles in defense response towards F. oxysporum. This study’s findings provide a credible theoretical basis for the possible use of the B. velezensis strain against rice seedling blight.

scholarly journals Schistosoma mansonicercariae experience influx of macromolecules during skin penetration

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 1257-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. THORNHILL ◽  
P. M. Z. COELHO ◽  
P. McVEIGH ◽  
A. MAULE ◽  
A. D. JURBERG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Lucifer Yellow ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Pharyngeal Muscle ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Fluorescent Molecules ◽  
Germinal Mass

SUMMARYWe have observed that when cercariae penetrate the skin of mice, there is influx into their tissues of Lucifer Yellow and certain labelled molecules of up to 20 kDa molecular weight. This observation was made using a variety of fluorescent membrane-impermeant compounds injected into the skin before the application of cercariae. This unexpected phenomenon was investigated further by transforming cercariaein vitroin the presence of the membrane-impermeant compounds and examining the distribution by microscopy. In schistosomula derived from this procedure, the nephridiopore and surface membrane were labelled while the pre- and post-acetabular glands were not labelled. The region associated with the oesophagus within the pharyngeal muscle clearly contained the fluorescent molecules, as did the region adjacent to the excretory tubules and the germinal mass. We used cercariae stained with carmine to aid identification of regions labelled with Lucifer Yellow. Although the mechanism of this influx is unclear, the observation is significant. From it, we can suggest an hypothesis that, during skin penetration, exposure of internal tissues of the parasite to external macromolecules represents a novel host-parasite interface.

DNA amplification in Cymbidium protocorms in vitro, as it relates to cytodifferentiation and hormone treatment

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Nagl ◽  
Jan Hendon ◽  
Waltraud Rücker
Keyword(s):  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Hormone Treatment

In vitro responses of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum to phenolic acids in decaying watermelon tissues

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-sheng Wu ◽  
Xiao-dong Zhou ◽  
Xue Shi ◽  
Ya-dong Liu ◽  
Ming-yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum F.Sp.Niveum

scholarly journals Immobilized Bacillus subtilis by ionic gelation as biocontrol alternative of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Castañeda Alvarez Estefania ◽  
Sánchez Leal Ligia
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Pests And Diseases

For farmers the use of agrochemicals is the preferred method to control pests and diseases. Considering the market demand for biological control products, the encapsulation could be a competent alternative to current commercial formulations for cellular viability and controlled release. The purpose of this study was to use ionic gelation with sodium alginate, starch and maltodextrin to immobilize Bacillus subtilis and to evaluate the biocontrol effect against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in vitro. The matrix with a concentration of 2% sodium alginate, 1% starch, and 1% maltodextrin is a suitable method for cellular viability and biological control activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, with a reduction of mycelial growth of 49.6% and a survival rate for Bacillus subtilis of 98.05% (p less than 0.0001).The use of immobilized bacteria as biological control agents are sustainable and effective bio-inputs that could be used at industrial scale and benefit the tomato crops against attack by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.

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