Progress on Understanding the Molecular Basis of Cultivar Specificity in the Interaction of the Magnaporthe Grisea AVR1-CO39 with Rice Variety CO39

2000 ◽  
pp. 308-315
Author(s):  
S. A. Leong ◽  
M. L. Farman ◽  
R. S. Chauhan ◽  
N. Punekar ◽  
S. Mayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Cultivar Specificity

scholarly journals A Gene-for-Gene Relationship Underlying the Species-Specific Parasitism of Avena/Triticum Isolates of Magnaporthe grisea on Wheat Cultivars

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1182-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Takabayashi ◽  
Y. Tosa ◽  
H. S. Oh ◽  
S. Mayama
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Cultivar Specificity ◽  
Gene For Gene

To elucidate genetic mechanisms of the species-specific parasitism of Magnaporthe grisea, a Triticum isolate (pathogenic on wheat) was crossed with an Avena isolate (pathogenic on oat), and resulting F1 progeny were subjected to segregation analyses on wheat cvs. Norin 4 and Chinese Spring. We found two fungal loci, Pwt3 and Pwt4, which are involved in the specific parasitism on wheat. Pwt3 operated on both cultivars while Pwt4 operated only on ‘Norin 4’. Using the cultivar specificity of Pwt4, its corresponding resistance gene was successfully identified in ‘Norin 4’ and designated as Rmg1 (Rwt4). The presence of the corresponding resistance gene indicated that Pwt4 is an avirulence locus. Pwt3 was assumed to be an avirulence locus because of its temperature sensitivity. We suggest that gene-for-gene interactions underlie the species-specific parasitism of M. grisea.

scholarly journals What is the Molecular Basis of Aroma in Biriyanicheera - A Tropical Aromatic Rice Genotype

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
VEERABHADRASWAMY M ◽  
P SINDHUMOLE ◽  
DEEPU MATHEW ◽  
M R SHYLAJA ◽  
JIJI JOSEPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Genotype ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Aroma Production

Abstract The aromatic rice cultivars possess excellent aroma generally when grown in their favourable and specific environments. An early maturing selection from a Kerala aromatic local landrace with short grains, named ‘Biriyanicheera’, when grown in normal tropical conditions was sufficiently fragrant. The present study focused on the analysis of aroma in ‘Biriyanicheera’ rice genotype through molecular methods. The seeds of two aromatic rice varieties viz., Biriyanicheera and Gandhakasala (from Palakkad, Thrissur and Ernakulam districts) along with one non-aromatic rice variety Triveni (control) were used for the study. The BADH2 gene was amplified in all the three rice varieties. Upon sequencing the amplified PCR products of genomic DNA, the mutation in BADH2 gene was detected. The sequencing results of aromatic varieties revealed the presence of 8 base pair mutation in exon 7 in Biriyanicheera and Gandhakasala, whereas this mutation was absent in the non-aromatic variety Triveni. This indicated that aroma production in Biriyanicheera variety is due to similar mutation in BADH2 gene as that of the popular scented rice Basmati.

scholarly journals Differential Expression Proteins Contribute to Race-Specific Resistant Ability in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiwei Ma ◽  
Shoukai Lin ◽  
Menglin Wang ◽  
Yang Zou ◽  
Huan Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
And Function ◽  
Global Food

Rice blast, caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe grisea (M. grisea), lead to the decrease of rice yields widely and destructively, threatening global food security. Although many resistant genes had been isolated and identified in various rice varieties, it is still not enough to clearly understand the mechanism of race-specific resistant ability in rice, especially on the protein level. In this research, proteomic methods were employed to analyze the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in susceptible rice variety CO39 and its two near isogenic lines (NILs), CN-4a and CN-4b, in response to the infection of two isolates with different pathogenicity, GUY11 and 81278ZB15. A total of 50 DEPs with more than 1.5-fold reproducible change were identified. At 24 and 48 hpi of GUY11, 32 and 16 proteins in CN-4b were up-regulated, among which 16 and five were paralleled with the expression of their corresponding RNAs. Moreover, 13 of 50 DEPs were reported to be induced by M. grisea in previous publications. Considering the phenotypes of the three tested rice varieties, we found that 21 and 23 up-regulated proteins were responsible for the rice resistant ability to the two different blast isolates, 81278ZB15 and GUY11, respectively. Two distinct branches corresponding to GUY11 and 81278ZB15 were observed in the expression and function of the module cluster of DEPs, illuminating that the DEPs could be responsible for race-specific resistant ability in rice. In other words, DEPs in rice are involved in different patterns and functional modules’ response to different pathogenic race infection, inducing race-specific resistant ability in rice.

Research and Application on the Effect of Magnaporthe grisea Toxin on Rice

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2333-2337
Author(s):  
Yun Gao Hu ◽  
Guo Tao Yang ◽  
Chong Hua Xie ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Yong Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Germination And Growth

Knowledge remains limited about whether the optimum culture condition of getting the most virulent M.oryzae toxins can be found and applied for resistant seed selection. The inhibition of seed germination and the growth of embryo and radicle in rice treated by the Magnaporthe grisea toxin that got from different culture conditions were studied. The result suggested that the M.oryzae toxin had great inhibitory effect on seed germination and growth of embryo and radicle in rice. The M.oryzae toxin cultivated on 23 °C, pH 8.0 for 20d has strongest inhibition on seed germination of the hybrid rice variety of GangYou725, the inhibition rate approach 70%; Being cultivated at the same pH and 23°C～28°C for approximate 10d, it is easy to get the M.oryzae toxin for high growth inhibition of embryo and radicle. It can reduce the workload and increase accuracy to use M.oryzae toxin to identify blast resistances of rice and select resistant materials.

scholarly journals Analysis of Host Species Specificity of Magnaporthe grisea Toward Foxtail Millet Using a Genetic Cross Between Isolates from Wheat and Foxtail Millet

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Murakami ◽  
R. Tomita ◽  
T. Kataoka ◽  
H. Nakayashiki ◽  
Y. Tosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Species Specificity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Locus ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Genetic Cross ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Cultivar Specificity

Host species specificity of Magnaporthe grisea toward foxtail millet was analyzed using F1 cultures derived from a cross between a Triticum isolate (pathogenic on wheat) and a Setaria isolate (pathogenic on foxtail millet). On foxtail millet cvs. Beni-awa and Oke-awa, avirulent and virulent cultures segregated in a 1:1 ratio, suggesting that a single locus is involved in the specificity. This locus was designated as Pfm1. On cv. Ki-awa, two loci were involved and one of them was Pfm1. The other locus was designated as Pfm2. Interestingly, Pfm1 was not involved in the pathogenic specificity on cv. Kariwano-zairai. These results suggest that there is no “master gene” that determines the pathogenic specificity on all foxtail millet cultivars and that the species specificity of M. grisea toward foxtail millet is governed by cultivar-dependent genetic mechanisms that are similar to gene-for-gene interactions controlling race-cultivar specificity.

Renilla Bioluminescence: A Morphologic Approach to the Location of Photocytes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Ben O. Spurlock ◽  
Milton J. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Electronic Excited State ◽  
Colonial Form ◽  
The Common ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

The phenomenon of bioluminescence has fascinated layman and scientist alike for many centuries. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries a number of observations were reported on the physiology of bioluminescence in Renilla, the common sea pansy. More recently biochemists have directed their attention to the molecular basis of luminosity in this colonial form. These studies have centered primarily on defining the chemical basis for bioluminescence and its control. It is now established that bioluminescence in Renilla arises due to the luciferase-catalyzed oxidation of luciferin. This results in the creation of a product (oxyluciferin) in an electronic excited state. The transition of oxyluciferin from its excited state to the ground state leads to light emission.

Androgen-induced plasticity at a “vocal” neuromuscular synapse

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Darcy B. Kelley ◽  
Martha L. Tobias ◽  
Mark Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Neuromuscular Synapse ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Intracellular Protein ◽  
Developmental Program ◽  
Androgen Action ◽  
Clawed Frog

Brain and muscle are sexually differentiated tissues in which masculinization is controlled by the secretion of androgens from the testes. Sensitivity to androgen is conferred by the expression of an intracellular protein, the androgen receptor. A central problem of sexual differentiation is thus to understand the cellular and molecular basis of androgen action. We do not understand how hormone occupancy of a receptor translates into an alteration in the developmental program of the target cell. Our studies on sexual differentiation of brain and muscle in Xenopus laevis are designed to explore the molecular basis of androgen induced sexual differentiation by examining how this hormone controls the masculinization of brain and muscle targets.Our approach to this problem has focused on a highly androgen sensitive, sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system: laryngeal muscles and motor neurons of the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. We have been studying sex differences at a synapse, the laryngeal neuromuscular junction, which mediates sexually dimorphic vocal behavior in Xenopus laevis frogs.

A molecular basis for opiate action

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Massotte ◽  
Brigitte L. Kieffer
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis
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