scholarly journals Differential Expression Proteins Contribute to Race-Specific Resistant Ability in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiwei Ma ◽  
Shoukai Lin ◽  
Menglin Wang ◽  
Yang Zou ◽  
Huan Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
And Function ◽  
Global Food

Rice blast, caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe grisea (M. grisea), lead to the decrease of rice yields widely and destructively, threatening global food security. Although many resistant genes had been isolated and identified in various rice varieties, it is still not enough to clearly understand the mechanism of race-specific resistant ability in rice, especially on the protein level. In this research, proteomic methods were employed to analyze the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in susceptible rice variety CO39 and its two near isogenic lines (NILs), CN-4a and CN-4b, in response to the infection of two isolates with different pathogenicity, GUY11 and 81278ZB15. A total of 50 DEPs with more than 1.5-fold reproducible change were identified. At 24 and 48 hpi of GUY11, 32 and 16 proteins in CN-4b were up-regulated, among which 16 and five were paralleled with the expression of their corresponding RNAs. Moreover, 13 of 50 DEPs were reported to be induced by M. grisea in previous publications. Considering the phenotypes of the three tested rice varieties, we found that 21 and 23 up-regulated proteins were responsible for the rice resistant ability to the two different blast isolates, 81278ZB15 and GUY11, respectively. Two distinct branches corresponding to GUY11 and 81278ZB15 were observed in the expression and function of the module cluster of DEPs, illuminating that the DEPs could be responsible for race-specific resistant ability in rice. In other words, DEPs in rice are involved in different patterns and functional modules’ response to different pathogenic race infection, inducing race-specific resistant ability in rice.

scholarly journals Advances in Developing Multigene Abiotic and Biotic Stress-Tolerant Rice Varieties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitika Sandhu ◽  
Shailesh Yadav ◽  
Arvind Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Multiple Stresses ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Global Food

Increasing incidences of multiple abiotic stresses together with increasing population are the major constraints to attain the global food security. Rice, the major staple food crop is very much prone to various abiotic and biotic stresses, which can occur one at a time or two or more together in a single crop growing season and adversely affects the rice production and productivity. The devastating effect of multiple stresses on rice crop is much more erratic and complex leading to higher losses in the crop grain yield. The concurrent occurrence of multiple streeses can destroy rice production in many of the rainfed areas of South and Southeast-Asia. Genomics-assisted breeding strategies have been instrumental in introgression of various major effect QTLs/genes into rice mega varieties and have proven successful in achieving the desired level of tolerance/resistance to various abiotic stresses in diffferent crop species. Keeping the present scenario of changing climate in mind, the chapter discusses the recent past success in combining tolerance to two or more abiotic stresses in mega rice varieties applying genomics-assisted breeding and development of high-yielding climate resilient rice through stacking of multiple genes/QTLs, which can withstand in a cascade of multiple stresses occurring regularly in rainfed environments.

scholarly journals Rajdeep (IET 17713): A New Rainfed Lowland High Yielding Rice Variety for Semideep Situation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrani Dana ◽  
Sitesh Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
National Level ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Improvement Project

In eastern India, more than 13.0 million ha of rice lands are affected by excess water and periodically suffer from flash floods and complete submergence. Most of the traditional and adapted rice varieties of this situation are low yielders. To overcome these problems the high yielding rice variety (HYV), Rajdeep (IET 17713) has been developed by Rice Research Station, Government of West Bengal, Chinsurah, Hooghly as high yielding rice variety for semideep water situation. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of promising semideep water rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under lowland situation during wet season of 2002-2013. Performance of Rajdeep, semideep water rice was better and therefore it was released. It is tolerant to sheath blight, sheath rot diseases and stem borer, leaf folder insect-pests. The high yielding semideep rice variety, Rajdeep exhibited superiority over national check (Sabita), regional check (Purnendu) and local check tested in different locations under All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project (AICRIP) trials during kharif, 2002-2003 conducted by ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabed, India. This variety was also tested in multi-locational yield trials (2003-2013) along with check variety Swarna-Sub 1/ Bhudeb at different locations of West Bengal. After testing at national level as well as at state level, based on yield performance of the variety, the HYV semideep rice variety Rajdeep was released and notified by Government of India in the Gazette of India vide Notification No. S.O. 1007(E) on 30th March, 2017.

scholarly journals Screening and evaluation of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in inundated soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Sunday Ojo Adigbo ◽  
Philip Joseph Osadebay ◽  
Innocent Iseghohi ◽  
Cornelius Idowu Alarima ◽  
Nnennaya Ogechi Agbenin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Inland Valley ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Maturity Period ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Screen House

Abstract Poor germination and subsequent low grain yield of dry seeded upland rice in the existing anaerobic and short niche between lowland rice and dry season crops in the inland valley necessitate the screening of 19 rice varieties. The identification of vigorous growth and short duration upland rice variety in anaerobic condition would optimize this niche. The potted experiment was carried out in the screen house of the Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ikole campus in 2015 to screen and evaluate the performance of upland rice varieties in inundated soils with a view to selecting the suitable variety or varieties that will fit into the existing niche in the inland valley. The experiment was laid in a complete randomization design and replicated three times. The number of leaves, biomass and grain weight plant−1 of the varieties were significantly (P ≤ 0.05 %) different. The number of tillers observed in WAB 56-104, NERICA 4, NERICA 6, NERICA 3, NERICA 5, NERICA 10, NERICA 9, ARICA 4 NERICA 1, FARO 63, FARO 65 and NERICA 8 varieties were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of Igbemo varieties. The numbers of days to 50 % flowering of NERICA 1, NERICA 2, NERICA 10, NERICA 5, NERICA 9, NERICA 3, NERICA 7, NERICA 8, ARICA 4 and WAB 56-104 varieties were the lowest. Although Igbemo brown, Igbemo white varieties had the highest grain yields per plant, their maturity period exceeded the short period. Thus, NERICA 2 and NERICA 5 varieties which had lower number of days to flowering could be considered as candidate varieties that can be optimized in the niche in question.

scholarly journals Identification of fgr gene and preliminary evaluation for agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Toan D. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Fgr Gene

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in Vietnam particularly in the Mekong Delta. Screening of good quality and high yield rice varieties are needed for rice production in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to use molecular techniques to identify fgr gene and to evaluate preliminarily agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety. The results showed that this variety contained fgr gene. The fragrant allele was amplified by ESP - IFAP primers with a product of 255 bp in size. Similarly, evaluation of agronomic traits showed that the pandan sticky rice variety displayed many desirable characteristics such as plant height of 108 cm, panicle length of 25.6 cm, seed/panicle 135, 100-grain weight 2.07 g, pandan smell, level 2 of alkali digestion, gel consistency 93 mm. These results were useful information and could be applied for improving and providing pandan sticky rice variety for rice production.

scholarly journals The Development and Characterization of Near-Isogenic and Pyramided Lines Carrying Resistance Genes to Brown Planthopper with the Genetic Background of Japonica Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Cuong D. Nguyen ◽  
Holden Verdeprado ◽  
Demeter Zita ◽  
Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura ◽  
Masaya Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) is a major pest of rice, Oryza sativa, in Asia. Host plant resistance has tremendous potential to reduce the damage caused to rice by the planthopper. However, the effectiveness of resistance genes varies spatially and temporally according to BPH virulence. Understanding patterns in BPH virulence against resistance genes is necessary to efficiently and sustainably deploy resistant rice varieties. To survey BPH virulence patterns, seven near-isogenic lines (NILs), each with a single BPH resistance gene (BPH2-NIL, BPH3-NIL, BPH17-NIL, BPH20-NIL, BPH21-NIL, BPH32-NIL and BPH17-ptb-NIL) and fifteen pyramided lines (PYLs) carrying multiple resistance genes were developed with the genetic background of the japonica rice variety, Taichung 65 (T65), and assessed for resistance levels against two BPH populations (Hadano-66 and Koshi-2013 collected in Japan in 1966 and 2013, respectively). Many of the NILs and PYLs were resistant against the Hadano-66 population but were less effective against the Koshi-2013 population. Among PYLs, BPH20+BPH32-PYL and BPH2+BPH3+BPH17-PYL granted relatively high BPH resistance against Koshi-2013. The NILs and PYLs developed in this research will be useful to monitor BPH virulence prior to deploying resistant rice varieties and improve rice’s resistance to BPH in the context of regionally increasing levels of virulence.

scholarly journals Molecular Breeding for Improving Productivity of Oryza sativa L. cv. Pusa 44 under Reproductive Stage Drought Stress through Introgression of a Major QTL, qDTY12.1

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 967
Author(s):  
Kyaw Swar Oo ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod ◽  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Successful Recovery

Increasing rice production is quintessential to the task of sustaining global food security, as a majority of the global population is dependent on rice as its staple dietary cereal. Among the various constraints affecting rice production, reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS) is a major challenge, due to its direct impact on grain yield. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring RSDS tolerance have been identified in rice, and qDTY12.1 is one of the major QTLs reported. We report the successful introgression of qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44, a drought sensitive mega rice variety of the northwestern Indian plains. Marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) was adopted to transfer qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44 in three backcrosses followed by four generations of pedigree selection, leading to development of improved near isogenic lines (NILs). Having a recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery ranging from 94.7–98.7%, the improved NILs performed 6.5 times better than Pusa 44 under RSDS, coupled with high yield under normal irrigated conditions. The MABB program has been modified so as to defer background selection until BC3F4 to accelerate generational advancements. Deploying phenotypic selection alone in the early backcross generations could help in the successful recovery of RPG. In addition, the grain quality could be recovered in the improved NILs, leading to superior selections. Owing to their improved adaptation to drought, the release of improved NILs for regions prone to intermittent drought can help enhance rice productivity and production.

scholarly journals Improving the Rice Photosynthetic Efficiency and Yield by Editing OsHXK1 via CRISPR/Cas9 System

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9554
Author(s):  
Shaoyan Zheng ◽  
Chanjuan Ye ◽  
Jingqin Lu ◽  
Jiamin Liufu ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Rice Yields

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food crop species in China. Cultivating high-yielding rice varieties that have a high photosynthetic efficiency is an important goal of rice breeding in China. In recent years, due to the continual innovation of molecular breeding methods, many excellent genes have been applied in rice breeding, which is highly important for increasing rice yields. In this paper, the hexokinase gene OsHXK1 was knocked out via the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing method in the indica rice varieties Huanghuazhan, Meixiangzhan, and Wushansimiao, and OsHXK1-CRISPR/Cas9 lines were obtained. According to the results of a phenotypic analysis and agronomic trait statistics, the OsHXK1-CRISPR/Cas9 plants presented increased light saturation points, stomatal conductance, light tolerance, photosynthetic products, and rice yields. Moreover, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of photosynthesis-related genes significantly increased. Taken together, our results revealed that knocking out OsHXK1 via the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing method could effectively lead to the cultivation of high-photosynthetic efficiency and high-yielding rice varieties. They also revealed the important roles of OsHXK1 in the regulation of rice yield and photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Photosensitive Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties under Delayed Planting as an Option to Minimize Rice Yield Loss in Flood Affected T. Aman Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
A Biswas ◽  
M M E Ahmed ◽  
T Halder ◽  
S Akter ◽  
R Yasmeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
A Value ◽  
Severe Reduction

Photosensitive rice varieties have higher advantages in delayed planting. The present study was undertaken to figure out the degrees of delayed planting and evaluate the performance of six modern Aman rice varieties (BR11, BR22, BR23, BRRI dhan46, BRRI dhan54) against three sets of delayed planting. Each rice variety showed considerable variations for plant height, days to panicle initiation, flowering and maturity. BR22, BR23, and BRRI dhan54 showed a drastic reduction in days to panicle initiation and varied from 65 to 58 days, 69 to 60 days, and 62 to 55 days respectively, while it varied from 76 to 80 days for the control variety BR11. Similarly, days to flowering of BR22 and BRRI dhan54 showed a gradual decrease following different planting time and varied from 92 to 86 days, and 83 to 77 days respectively, while it varied from 109 to 107 days for the control variety BR11. For the above traits, BRRI dhan44 and BRRI dhan46 showed a moderate reduction depending on the three sets of planting time. Grain yield of BR22, BR23 reduced at the third set with a value ranging from 5.8 to 5.0 t/ha, 6.1 to 5.1 t/ha respectively, while BRRI dhan54 showed consistency in grain yield with a range from 5.3 to 5.2 t/ha. In contrast, grain yield of remaining rice varieties ranged between 5.7 to 4.5 t/ha for BRRI dhan46, 6.2 to 3.9 t/ha for BRRI dhan46 while severe reduction for the control variety BR11 with a range from 4.4 to 2.0 t/ha was observed. In conclusion, BRRI dhan54 was found more suitable rice variety in delayed planting compared with other photosensitive rice varieties. In future, BRRI dhan54 could be used as benchmark rice variety in a special rice breeding programme designed for delayed planting. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(1): 65-72

scholarly journals Genetic variability for grain yield and yield associated traits in transplant Aman rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Mashtura Begum ◽  
Md Amir Hossain ◽  
Fakir Muhammad Munawar Hossain ◽  
Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Planting Materials

For any crop improvement program, it is imperative to assess the grain yield progress of the existing crop varieties to find the further avenue to out yield the existing superior ones. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to December 2013 to find out the genetic variation for grain yield and their associated traits of transplant Aman rice varieties. The experiment consisted of 11 varieties viz. Bashiraj, Binadhan-7, BR10, BR11, BR22, BR23, BRRIdhan32, BRRIdhan39, BRRIdhan49, BRRIdhan57 and IR64. The high yielding Bangladeshi varieties were selected based on their releasing year with a local and one exotic T. Aman rice varieties. Among the varieties, BR10 produced the highest grain yield (3.83 t ha-1). Binadhan-7 rice variety recorded the highest chlorophyll content (39.93 SPAD value) at 29DAT, (44 SPAD value) at 39 DAT and (47.30 SPAD value) at 49 DAT. The highest phenotypic (1491.81) and genotypic (1147.26) variances and genetic advance (61.19) were obtained from spikelets panicle-1 and this parameter had greater ability to increase yield. Among the traits, the highest heritability was recorded by effective tillers hill-1 (87.91%) which influenced the grain yield. Therefore, it may be concluded that the variety BR10 of transplant Aman rice produced maximum grain yield, spikelets panicle-1, showed high phenotypic and genotypic variances and genetic advance. Bashiraj, BRRIdhan49 and BRRIdhan57 also can be considered as planting materials as their yield performance is close to BR 10. Therefore, the findings of the present study will help the breeders for further yield improvement of rice.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(2): 207-213, August 2015

THE COMPARISON OF RICE (OryzasativaL.) CULTIVATION IN POLYBAG TO CULTIVATION IN LOWLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Rina Royani Royani ◽  
Erna Risfaula Kusumawati ◽  
Fenny Widiyanti ◽  
Hesti Ariestina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
The Media ◽  
Food Consumed

Purpose of the study: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main food consumed by Indonesian people even in Asia. The various innovations in rice cultivation still being developed in order to increase the yield both in quantity and quality. In general, rice cultivation is planted in the lowland. The research aims to know the comparison the rice cultivation in a polybag to rice cultivation in the lowland. Methodology: The size of polybag that used in the experiment is 40x40 cm with space 50 cm of each other. The experiment is conducted in Nganjuk, East Java, Indonesia. The variables studied are rice yield and rice varieties. The varieties used are Ciherang and Sertani 12. Main Findings: The result showed that the yield of rice production includes the number of filled grains, total grain, panicle number in polybag more than in lowland. Rice cultivation produces 2 kg/m2 in a polybag and 1 kg/m2 in the lowland. The panicle number of rice in polybag is more than in lowland, i.e: 12 in a polybag and 6 in the lowland. For the rice variety, Ciherang and Sertani 12 have the same yield in a polybag. It is 2 kg/m2. Applications of this study: The rice cultivation in polybag has easy cultivation system and suitable for urban areas where agricultural land is limited. Besides, it can be the solution for decreasing agriculture land from time to time. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is the use of polybag as the media of rice cultivation which is not commonly done in farming.

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