Actin in the Secondary Vascular System of Woody Plants

2000 ◽  
pp. 587-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Chaffey ◽  
Peter W. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Vascular System

Injection Methodology for Evaluating Plant Growth Retardants

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Sterrett
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Chemical Solution ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Predrilled Hole ◽  
Plant Growth Retardants ◽  
Sprout Growth ◽  
Herbaceous And Woody Plants

This study describes separate methods for injecting growth retardants into herbaceous and woody plants. Bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘Black Valentine’) were treated by injecting growth retardant solutions into the hypocotyl cavity with a syringe. The chemical was subsequently absorbed into the vascular system. Woody California privet (Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk.) was injected by forcing chemical solution into the vascular system via a predrilled hole. Results with NAA (1-napthalene-acetic acid) and MH (1,2-dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione) validated the methods by inhibiting growth, respectively. New growth regulators, mefluidide {N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl]amino]phenyl]acetamide} and dikegulac (sodium salt of 2,3: 4,6-bis-O-(1-methylethylidene-α-L-xylo-2-hexulofuranosonic acid], inhibited the growth of bean with concentrations of 60 mg/L and 480 mg/L, respectively. Sprout growth of privet was inhibited by 30 mg/L of mefluidide and by 188 mg/L dikegulac.

scholarly journals Measuring Root Hydraulic Parameters of Container-grown Herbaceous and Woody Plants Using the Hydraulic Conductance Flow Meter

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley A. Judd ◽  
Brian E. Jackson ◽  
William C. Fonteno ◽  
Jean-Christophe Domec
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Root Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Flow Meter ◽  
Root Conductance ◽  
Intact Roots

Root hydraulic conductance and conductivity are physiological traits describing the ease with which water can move through the belowground vascular system of a plant, and are used as indicators of plant performance and adaptability to a given environment. The ability to measure hydraulic conductance of container-grown herbaceous and semiwoody plants with soft conductive tissue was tested using a hydraulic conductance flow meter (HCFM). Although the HCFM is a hydraulic apparatus that has been used on woody plants to measure hydraulic conductance of intact roots, it has never been reportedly used on container-grown horticultural plants. Two herbaceous species, Chrysanthemum L. and Solenstemon scutellarioides Thonn., were grown in containers and hydraulic parameters were measured, including root conductance and root conductivity, as well as physical traits such as stem diameter and dry root mass. The HCFM was easily connected to intact roots even on herbaceous stems and was used to determine hydraulic conductance and conductivity directly on container-grown plants with minimal disturbance on the root system. Chrysanthemums, Buddleja davidii Franch., and Hibiscus moscheutos L. were grown in three different substrates, and both root mass and root hydraulic parameters were determined. Chrysanthemums showed a positive response with increasing root hydraulic conductance with increasing root mass. The substrates used in these studies only had an effect on root biomass of chrysanthemums, but substrates had no differential effect on root hydraulic conductivity.

scholarly journals Xylem Parenchyma—Role and Relevance in Wood Functioning in Trees

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1247
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Słupianek ◽  
Alicja Dolzblasz ◽  
Katarzyna Sokołowska
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Xylem Parenchyma ◽  
Wood Tissue ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Heterogeneous Tissue ◽  
The Dead

Woody plants are characterised by a highly complex vascular system, wherein the secondary xylem (wood) is responsible for the axial transport of water and various substances. Previous studies have focused on the dead conductive elements in this heterogeneous tissue. However, the living xylem parenchyma cells, which constitute a significant functional fraction of the wood tissue, have been strongly neglected in studies on tree biology. Although there has recently been increased research interest in xylem parenchyma cells, the mechanisms that operate in these cells are poorly understood. Therefore, the present review focuses on selected roles of xylem parenchyma and its relevance in wood functioning. In addition, to elucidate the importance of xylem parenchyma, we have compiled evidence supporting the hypothesis on the significance of parenchyma cells in tree functioning and identified the key unaddressed questions in the field.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Pro-Vascular Cellular Morphology in Chaetophora Incressata

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
A. E. Hotchkiss ◽  
A. T. Hotchkiss ◽  
R. P. Apkarian
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Multicellular green algae may be an ancestral form of the vascular plants. These algae exhibit cell wall structure, chlorophyll pigmentation, and physiological processes similar to those of higher plants. The presence of a vascular system which provides water, minerals, and nutrients to remote tissues in higher plants was believed unnecessary for the algae. Among the green algae, the Chaetophorales are complex highly branched forms that might require some means of nutrient transport. The Chaetophorales do possess apical meristematic groups of cells that have growth orientations suggestive of stem and root positions. Branches of Chaetophora incressata were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for ultrastructural evidence of pro-vascular transport.

Lasertechniques treatment of vascular malformations

Phlebologie ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
M. Poetke ◽  
P. Urban ◽  
H.-P. Berlien
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Spontaneous Regression ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Vascular Structure ◽  
Laser Application ◽  
Vascular Morphogenesis ◽  
Structural Abnormalities

SummaryVascular malformations are structural abnormalities, errors of vascular morphogenesis, which can be localized in all parts of the vascular system. All vascular malformations by definition, are present at birth and grow proportionately with the child; their volume can change. In contrast to the haemangiomas, which only proliferate from the endothelial cells the division in stages is of clinical importance. Vascular malformations are divided from the part of vascular system, which is affected.In principle the techniques of laser application in congenital vascular tumours like haemangiomas and in vascular malformations are similar, but the aim is different. In tumours the aim is to induce regression, in vascular malformations the aim is to destroy the pathologic vascular structure because there is no spontaneous regression. This means that the parameters for treatment of vascular malformations must be more aggressive than for vascular tumours.

Adrenergic Stimulation of Regional Plasminogen Activator Release in Rabbits

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (05) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
W L Chandler ◽  
S C Loo ◽  
D Mornin
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Epinephrine Administration ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonist ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to determine whether different regions of the rabbit vascular system show variations in the rate of plasminogen activator (PA) secretion. To start, we evaluated the time course, dose response and adrenergic specificity of PA release. Infusion of 1 µg/kg of epinephrine stimulated a 116 ± 60% (SD) increase in PA activity that peaked 30 to 60 s after epinephrine administration. Infusion of 1 µg/kg of norepinephrine, isoproterenol and phenylephrine had no effect on PA activity. Pretreatment with phentolamine, an alpha adrenergic antagonist, blocked the release of PA by epinephrine while pretreatment with the beta blocker propranolol had no effect. This suggests that PA release in the rabbit was mediated by some form of alpha receptor.Significant arterio-venous differences in basal PA activity were found across the pulmonary and splanchnic vascular beds but not the lower extremity/pelvic bed. After stimulation with epinephrine, PA activity increased 46% across the splanchnic bed while no change was seen across the lower extremity/pelvic bed. We conclude that several vascular beds contribute to circulating PA activity in the rabbit, and that these beds secrete PA at different rates under both basal and stimulated conditions.

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