Agriculture and Rural Development Under Central Government and Provincial Council Setup in Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
pp. 111-145
Author(s):  
Buddhi Marambe ◽  
Pradeepa Silva ◽  
Saman Athauda
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Central Government

scholarly journals Prospects of Multifunctionality in Nepalese Agriculture: The Agritourism Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
Kumar Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Household Heads

Multi functionality of agriculture in the developed countries is employed as a means of rural revitalization and economic circulation. Although farm diversification in the developing countries is much more crucial, in most of the rural areas of the developing countries, it is not performed, and it is delayed. In this regard, the main objective of this study is to explore the possibilities of the multi functionality of agriculture for the sustainable rural development for the implementation of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the developing countries. The empirical study was conducted in two of the rural districts of Nepal called Nuwakot and Rasuwa. The author intentionally chose these districts because it is one separate area north of the capital city Kathmandu and bordering to China. Further, even though the location is nearby the capital city, and the rural villages have excessive potentials for tourism activities, the farmers are still focusing on subsistence farming without getting benefits from tourism. Based on the macro data of Nepal government and field visit, the author conducted a case study. This study explored that most of the household heads are working in the agricultural sector, which can be one of the opportunities to launch multi functionality of agriculture. However, due to their weak educational background, they are expecting external supports in terms of knowledge, technology, and more importantly, supportive policy. The federal and central government should give subsidy to the farmers so that they canstart multi functionality in their farms, which lead to sustainable rural development.

Regional Dependence and Rural Development in Central India: The Pivotal Role of Migrant Labour

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crispin N. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Central India ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Government ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The problem of regional underdevelopment, particularly in tribal India, has long been recognized and more than one political party has campaigned on this issue. The Indian constitution and state and central government development plans have included special clauses aimed at assisting those groups, the tribals or adivasis, who are most affected by the problem. Reports have been commissioned and investigations conducted, but rarely have these ended in constructive or relevant action. The work of anthropologists over a number of generations since the 1920s has perhaps done most to tell us of the real depth of the problem as it has affected central India. Foremost amongst them was W. V. Grigson, the aboriginal tribes enquiry officer of the government of the Central Provinces and Berar, whose 1944 report stands as the most comprehensive study available of the condition of the tribal peoples of this region at the end of the colonial period.

scholarly journals Devolution of Legislative Power to the Provincial Council of Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
N. Piyuji Rasanja Mendis
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Central Government ◽  
National Level ◽  
Legislative Power ◽  
The Government ◽  
Provincial Councils

The objective of the study is to examine the states of legislative devolution in Sri Lanka under present constitution of 1978. The ‘Indo-Lanka Accord’ committed Sri Lanka to establish a system of devolution to Provincial Councils (PCs). Consequently with the aim of devolving power, the PCs were established in each of the nine Provinces of Sri Lanka under the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. In a system where devolution of power exists, power is divided between the national and sub national level. In case of Sri Lanka such a division takes place between the central government which is the government at national level and the provincial council which is the government at sub national level. The legislation is the framework by which governments of whatever persuasion seek to achieve their purposes. Under a truly devolved system, the unit to which the power is devolved can exercise its autonomy in the implementation of the devolved functions. This autonomy should have been ensured, in the PC system as expected in the 1987 Indo-Lanka Agreement. It was found that the PCs are elected bodies which were given power to pass statutes applicable to their respective Provinces, with regards to certain specified matters. The legislative power of the PCs is not exclusive theirs. Issues related with legislative power also contributed to the weak capacity basis of the Provincial Council.

scholarly journals The Influence of Internal Controls on Public Financial Reporting Quality (PFRQ) in Sri Lanka; an Empirical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuruddha, M.S. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Financial Reporting Quality ◽  
Control Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

Public financial reporting is accountable to maintain public trust by protecting the accountability, openness, and transparency of public money which leads to the good governance of the country. There were many criticisms over financial reporting quality by various stakeholders of entities across the countries. There is a growing concern over the quality of PFR which determines the level of performing expectations of financial reporting. Assurance of PFR in Sri Lanka has deteriorated and been questioned by legislative authorities and interested parties because of the quality concerns. Considering the scholarly studies in various countries, the study was carried out in Sri Lanka to investigate the influence of Internal Controls (ICs) over the Public Financial Reporting Quality (PFRQ) with an objective to measure and conclude the determinants. To conclude the impact, the study investigates the influence of five basic dimensions of ICs introduced in previous literature, namely: Control Environment, Risk Assessment, Control Activities, Information & Communication, and Monitoring. Considering the facts of the context of Sri Lanka, the research has investigated the influence of IC on public financial reporting quality in the central government ministries and departments environment in Sri Lanka. The primary data was collected by a questionnaire survey conducted with accountants who are being employed in the central government ministries and departments in Sri Lanka. Data have collected by a structured questionnaire and verified by Cronbach’s alpha test for reliability. A multiple linear regression model was developed and tested to determine the statistical influence of variables of IC over the dependent PFRQ. The findings investigate and conclude the positively significant influence of IC on the PFRQ in the central government ministries and departments in Sri Lanka. Further, it was admitted the significant direct influence of IC attributes of Control Environment, Information and Communication and Monitoring to determine the PFRQ. Based on the facts, the study recommends the public sector in Sri Lanka to ensure the effectiveness of ICs in government institutions to improve and maintain the trust level of PFRQ.

scholarly journals Resilience Thinking and Strategies to Reclaim Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Cascade Tank-Village System (CTVS) in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Melles ◽  
Ethmadalage Dineth Perera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Resource Limitations ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Resilience Thinking ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Dry Zone

Cascading Tank Village Systems (CTVSs) of Sri Lanka historically provided a resilient community-based social-ecological water management system in the rural dryzone of Sri Lanka [1]. The CTVS has been described as the ‘lifeblood’ of communities in the rural dry zone [2] and as a globally important Agricultural Heritage System by the FAO [3]. After being abandoned for many centuries, their restoration is now being pursued by different national and international actors as a key to climate change mitigation and sustainable livelihoods for communities [4]. Rural livelihoods in the dry zone are at risk due to multiple factors, poor access and management of water, economic and health pressures, as well as resource limitations and degradation [5]. Despite recent efforts to restore CTVS systems, no social-ecological approach (SES) nor sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF) focused approach to ensuring resilient and sustainable livelihood outcomes has been taken [6]. As part of an on-going PhD project, this paper describes the background, current challenges and potential for an SES focused resilience thinking approach to CTVS combined with a focus on sustainable livelihoods for future sustainable livelihood opportunities and outcomes. The study finds current restoration efforts are at a crossroads between restoring the past (system adaptability) or transforming for the future. It introduces relevant SES and resilience thinking concepts and analyses the CTVS from this perspective. A particular contribution of this study is to point to the significant overlaps and complementarities in social-ecological (SES) resilience thinking and SLF approaches to analysis and proposals for resilient rural development. Employing resilience thinking principles it recommends strategies to create positive livelihood outcomes for communities and households. Keywords: cascading tank village system; sustainable livelihoods; resilience thinking; Sri Lanka; rural dry zone; community rural development

scholarly journals How a Participatory Budget Can Support Sustainable Rural Development—Lessons From Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Bednarska-Olejniczak ◽  
Jarosław Olejniczak ◽  
Libuše Svobodová
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Participatory Budget

Since the announcement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the need for localization of SDGs has been emphasized. In this context, sustainable rural development is still a relatively undescribed area in the context of using the participatory budget as a tool to implement SDGs. Few countries have introduced legal regulations in practice, enabling the creation of participatory budgets (especially in rural areas), so a multifaceted analysis of a decade of Poland's experience may provide important guidelines for countries considering introducing such solutions, which we consider to be the main purpose of this study. This is the first study covering all communes where participatory budgets (Solecki Fund—FS) were created in Poland during the 2010–2018 period (up to 60% of all), covering both the analysis of the process of creating FSs, the directions of spending and the scale of spending (including regional differentiation), as well as legal regulations and the consequences of including central government support in this mechanism. On the basis of the research, it can be observed that, despite the small scale of FS spending, the number of municipalities using this form of citizen participation is increasing. At the same time, there is significant variation between regions, which indicates the flexibility of the FSs in adapting to the needs reported by residents. The analysed directions of expenditure indicate that the FSs are in line with the SDG objectives related to the improvement of residents' quality of life. It can be concluded that, despite the existing legal regulations, the introduction of the Solecki Fund undoubtedly depends on the political will of the local government's legislative authorities and the willingness of residents to participate in decisions on spending directions.

The Anthropology in South Asian Development and Population Projects

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Clarence Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The South ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Asian Development

In principle, there should be wide scope for anthropologists and other social scientists in the vast efforts for life-betterment in the South Asian countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and possibly Afghanistan). This article points out a few areas where the anthropological perspective is critical. The latter part of the article presents some experiences of the author, who has worked for over 20 years directly in South Asian rural development.

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