Kinetics Study of a Suspended Growth System for Sustainable Biological Treatment of Dairy Wastewater

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Roumi Bhattacharya ◽  
Pradyut Kundu ◽  
Joydeep Mukherjee ◽  
Somnath Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Kinetics Study ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Growth System

Review on biological wastewater treatment and resources recovery: attached and suspended growth systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 2013-2026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Machineni
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Growth System ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Biological Methods

Abstract The treatment of wastewater for reuse is a potential solution to meet ever increasing urban, industrial, agricultural, and environmental demands across the world, where clean water availability is scarce. There are several traditional wastewater treatment processes that offer varying degrees of effectiveness in addition to presenting environmental, economic, and social disadvantages. Development of promising and inexpensive technologies to provide the reusable water in needful amounts using wastewaters as a cheap source of key nutrients and organic matter is required. Wastewater treatment by biological methods is becoming more important in the light of recovering value-added plant nutrients, heavy metals, biosolids, and bioenergy resources. Different types of solid contaminants in effluents can be removed simultaneously by pure cultures or mixed microbial consortia. Based on the structural organization of microbial biomass, biological treatment systems are classified into two types: dispersed growth system and attached growth system. Biological treatment methods associated with fixed-film growth have been recognized as highly effective and more energy efficient than suspended growth systems. This review discusses the recent breakthroughs in advanced biological wastewater treatment using both the systems, and also focuses on key energetic resources recovery driven by biological technologies.

Attached versus Suspended Growth Anaerobic Reactors: Response to Toxic Substances

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 261-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
G F Parkin ◽  
R E Speece
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Growth System

Anaerobic methane fermentation has significant potential for treatment of industrial wastewaters. Application of the process has been limited, due in part to the belief that the process cannot tolerate chronic and transient toxicity inherent in many industrial wastewaters. Experiments with cyanide, chloroform, formaldehyde, ammonium, nickel and sulfide have shown that the methanogens have the ability to recover from and acclimate to relatively high concentrations of toxicants. The key is proper attention to solids retention time. Of the two general reactor types used in biological waste treatment, attached growth systems offer two major potential advantages over suspended growth systems for treating wastewaters containing toxicants: (1) higher inherent solids retention times at relatively low hydraulic retention times and (2) the potential for a quasi plug-flow hydraulic regime that allows rapid elution of toxicants. For transient toxicity, the ability of a plug-flow, attached growth system to rapidly elute toxicants resulted in dramatically reduced down times when compared to a complete-mix, suspended growth system. For chronic toxicity, the solids retention capability of attached growth systems allows for acclimation to occur prior to washout of active biomass. Effluent recycle to plug-flow, attached growth systems should allow for more gradual exposure to chronic toxicity, thus maximizing acclimation potential.

scholarly journals Modeling of Electric Energy Consumption during Dairy Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Żyłka ◽  
Wojciech Dąbrowski ◽  
Paweł Malinowski ◽  
Beata Karolinczak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption

The intensification of biological wastewater treatment requires the high usage of electric energy, mainly for aeration processes. Publications on energy consumption have been mostly related to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The aim of the research was to elaborate on models for the estimation of energy consumption during dairy WWTP operation. These models can be used for the optimization of electric energy consumption. The research was conducted in a dairy WWTP, operating with dissolved air flotation (DAF) and an activated sludge system. Energy consumption was measured with the help of three-phase network parameter transducers and a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. The obtained models provided accurate predictions of DAF, biological treatment, and the overall WWTP energy consumption using chemical oxygen demand (COD), sewage flow, and air temperature. Using the energy consumption of the biological treatment as an independent variable, as well as air temperature, it is possible to estimate the variability of the total electric energy consumption. During the summer period, an increase in the organic load (expressed as COD) discharged into the biological treatment causes higher electric energy consumption in the whole dairy WWTP. Hence, it is recommended to increase the efficiency of the removal of organic pollutants in the DAF process. An application for the estimation of energy consumption was created.

Use of an enriched inoculum for determination of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) in drinking water

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yapsaklı ◽  
Ferhan Çeçen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Growth System ◽  
Original Procedure ◽  
Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Original Water

The original BDOC procedure requires the use of indigenous bacteria as a seed. Most of the time in original water samples either bacteria are insufficient in numbers or the diversity is not enough to reflect the biodegradable part of DOC. In this study, instead of using the water sample itself as an inoculum as in the original BDOC test, the bacteria originating from the Ömerli reservoir in İstanbul were acclimated in a suspended growth system to remove readily and slowly biodegradable DOC fractions from the reservoir water. This modified BDOC procedure was first tested on standard acetate solutions and later on raw and ozonated waters of the Ömerli reservoir. Additionally, the results of the modified procedure were compared with the original one by also testing the effectiveness of the indigenous seed from the reservoir. In order to determine the most suitable inoculum amount in the modified BDOC procedure, different seeding ratios like 1:100, 1:250 and 1:500 (v/v) were tested. In both raw water and ozonated waters, higher BDOC readings were achieved at a seeding ratio of 1:100 than the original procedure. The results showed that the modified procedure resulted in more accurate results compared to the original one and that using an acclimated culture can bring an improvement in BDOC measurement.

Comparative study evaluating removal mechanisms of hydrocarbons by fixed film versus suspended growth reactors

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Galil
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactor ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Parallel Processes ◽  
Petrochemical Complex ◽  
Removal Mechanisms ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Better Than

Biological treatment of wastewater from a petrochemical complex was performed in order to evaluate the removal mechanisms of hydrocarbons by two parallel processes: rotating biological contactor (RBC) and activated sludge. The influent contained 700 mg/L COD, 140 mg/L BOD, 7.5 mg/L phenols and 32 mg/L hydrocarbons in emulsified form. The hydraulic detention time was 14 to 18 hours for activated sludge and 4 to 5 hours for RBC. It was found that both units produced an effluent containing a residual hydrocarbon of about 10 percent from the initial effluent concentration. The distribution of the removed hydrocarbon was: in activated sludge 70 percent by attachment to biosolids and wasted with the removed sludge; in RBC 15 percent were stripped to the atmosphere, 25 percent by biodegradation and 50 percent were removed by wasted sludge. The higher fraction of hydrocarbon biodegraded by the fixed film seems to be the result of higher active biomass which could concentrate in the RBC reactor. The fact that RBC removes less hydrocarbon to the atmosphere is considered as an environmental advantage. Although the fixed film attached a major part of the hydrocarbons, the biosludge production and characteristics for the fixed film were substantially better than for the suspended growth.

scholarly journals Biological treatment of a contaminated gaseous emission from a leather industry in a suspended-growth bioreactor

Chemosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Carvalho ◽  
A.F. Duque ◽  
S.C. Moura ◽  
C.L. Amorim ◽  
R.M. Ferreira Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Gaseous Emission ◽  
Suspended Growth
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