scholarly journals The Negative Effect Factors of the Land Acquisition System for Profit-Oriented Enterprises in Order to Promote Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
Yuichi Ohya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Personal Assets

AbstractThe Land Acquisition (Amendment) Act of 1991 in Malaysia for economic growth has institutionally enabled arbitrary land acquisition. This paper reveals what is the fundamental determinant of the negative effects on the legal system concerning land acquisition for economic growth. As a result of this study consideration, the article of property rights within the limits of the law enables governments to have a broad discretionary power and liberalizes policies governments can implement. However, this study concludes policies that make light of personal assets will obstruct economic growth in the long run.

Oil, Volatility, and Institutions

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-72
Author(s):  
Amany El-Anshasy ◽  
Kamiar Mohaddes ◽  
Jeffrey B. Nugent
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Oil Revenue ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Revenue Volatility

This chapter examines the long-run effects of oil revenue and its volatility on economic growth, as well as the role of institutions in this relationship. We collect annual and monthly data on 17 major oil producers between 1961 and 2013, and use the panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach as well as its cross-sectionally augmented version (CS-ARDL) for estimation. Therefore, in contrast to earlier literature on the resource curse, we take into account all three key features of the panel: dynamics, heterogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence. The results suggest that: (i) oil revenue volatility has a significant negative effect on output growth; (ii) a higher growth rate of oil revenue significantly raises economic growth; and (iii) better fiscal policy can offset some of the negative effects of oil revenue volatility. We therefore argue that volatility in oil revenues combined with poor governmental responses to this volatility drives the resource curse paradox.

NON-LINEAR EFFECTS OF TERRORISM ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN: ACCOUNTING FOR CAPITAL PER WORKER AND STRUCTURAL BREAKS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1950014
Author(s):  
RONALD RAVINESH Kumar ◽  
SYED JAWAD HUSSAIN SHAHZAD ◽  
PETER JOSEF STAUVERMANN ◽  
NIKEEL Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Capital Share ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

In this study, we examine the asymmetric effects of terrorism and economic growth in Pakistan over the period 1970–2016, while considering the role of capital per worker and structural breaks. We use the non-linear ARDL approach to establish the long-run association and to estimate the short-run and long-run effects accordingly. The results indicate the presence of asymmetries in both long and short run. Moreover, 1% decrease in terrorism results in an increase of per capita income by 0.02% in the long run and 0.001% in the short run. Assuming symmetry, the long run capital share is 0.47. In asymmetric relation, a 1% increase in capital share increases output by 0.55%, whereas a 1% decrease in capital stock decreases output by 0.26%. The break effects show that the years 1993 and 2004 have negative effects on growth. The vector error correction model-based causality results indicate a unidirectional causality from terrorism to per capita income. Overall, the results highlight that terrorism is growth retarding.

scholarly journals Effect of Institutional Quality and Wealth from Oil Revenue on Economic Growth in Oil-Exporting Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewale Samuel Hassan ◽  
Daniel Francois Meyer ◽  
Sebastian Kot
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Linear Interaction ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Oil Revenue ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Oil Wealth

This article investigates the role of institutional quality in the oil wealth–economic growth nexus for 35 oil-exporting developing countries between 1984 and 2016. To achieve this objective, an empirical model was employed with linear interaction between oil wealth and institutional quality, and estimated by means of panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) with a dynamic fixed effect estimator. From the results, a contingent effect of oil wealth on economic growth, both in the long run and in the short run, was established. Specifically, institutional quality was found to mitigate the negative effect of oil wealth on economic growth in the long run, while in the short run, institutional quality was found to enhance the positive effect of oil wealth on economic growth. Furthermore, the results provide the threshold levels of institutional quality, beyond which oil wealth enhances economic growth, both in the long run and in the short run, for the sampled countries. These results suggest that in order for oil-exporting developing countries to benefit from an increase in oil wealth, they must adopt appropriate policy measures to improve their levels of institutional quality and embed their entire oil wealth-generating mechanism in a sound institutional framework. Also of importance is that governments must ensure sustainable development through the benefits of wealth from oil.

scholarly journals HIGHER EDUCATION SUBSIDY POLICY AND R&D-BASED GROWTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 2129-2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Morimoto ◽  
Ken Tabata
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Overlapping Generations Model ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Education Subsidy

We examine how a subsidy policy for encouraging more individuals to pursue higher education affects economic growth in an overlapping generations model of R&D-based growth, including both product development and process innovation. We show that such a policy may have a negative effect on the long-run economic growth rate. When the market structure adjusts partially in the short run, the effect of an education subsidy on economic growth is ambiguous and depends on the values of the parameters. However, when the market structure adjusts fully in the long run, the education subsidy expands the number of firms but reduces economic growth. These unfavorable predictions of an education subsidy on economic growth are partly consistent with the empirical findings that mass higher education does not necessarily lead to higher economic growth.

scholarly journals Interaksi Investasi, Dana Pihak Ketiga dan Pembiayaan Perbankan Syariah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Sumatera Utara

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugianto Sugianto ◽  
Muhammad Yafiz ◽  
Anita Khairunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
North Sumatra

Economic growth is a picture to see the progress of economy a country or region, as measured with the amount of data on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or data on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The purpose of this study is to analyze the independence of the variables that affect economic growth, such as Domestic Investment (DI), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Third Party Funds (TPF) and Islamic Banking Financing. The research method uses a quantitative approach with secondary data in time series with the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) methods and uses the help of Eviews 9 program. This study uses a sample from 2010 to 2020. The results of this study indicate that in the long run the variables of DI, FDI and Financing Islamic Banking have a positive and significant effect on the GRDP of North Sumatra, while the TPF Islamic Banking variable has a negative effect on the GRDP of North Sumatra. In the short term, the DI variable significantly affects the FDI. This study suggests that in order to advance the economy of a region, North Sumatra government should encourage and support activities carried out by DI and FDI, as well as financial institutions such as Islamic banking, which are primarily activities in the form of Third Party Funds and financing. The existence of financing disbursed by Islamic banking can provide capital assistance to business actors, so as to increase economic growth.

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution Losses, and Economic Growth in Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 450-467
Author(s):  
Samuel Adams ◽  
Edem Kwame Mensah Klobodu ◽  
Richmond Odartey Lamptey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect

This study examined the effect of electric power transmission and distribution losses (ETL) on economic growth over the period of 1971 to 2012 in Ghana. Using bounds testing approach to cointegration and Bai-Perron test in ordinary least squares framework, we find long-run relationship between ETL, gross capital formation, inflation, trade openness and economic growth. Secondly, while ETL do not have robust impact on economic growth, trade openness exerts a positive impact on economic growth in the long-run. Inflation and gross capital formation, however, have mixed relationships with economic growth. Furthermore, ETL yield a threshold value of 2.07. Finally, controlling for the urban population reveals that ETL moderates the relationship between urbanization and economic growth; higher ETL associates with an increasing negative effect on GDP per capita.

Determinants of Export Performance in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezo Emako Kamma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Foreign Demand ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Export Supply ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Marketing Costs

Abstract Ethiopia has adopted different policy measures geared at promoting exports. As a result the real value of export has increased by more than 13 folds during 1980-2018 periods; however, its share in gross domestic product and import bills is being very small. Therefore, this article aimed to investigate the factors responsible for export performance over the period 1980-2018 by using the bound co-integration approach. In the long run, the regression analysis implies that real economic growth, inflation and the foreign demand are found to have a positive effect, whereas openness and the share of agriculture have a negative effect. Real economic growth, inflation and the foreign demand depressingly affect the export supply in the short run whereas openness affects positively but the share of agriculture was not found to be crucial. Thus, in order Ethiopia economy to improve its own export supply, focusing on industrial sector, ensuring and expanding vocational and technical education, trying to reduce marketing costs through the process by making transparent, and diversifying the destination are very crucial policy tools.

scholarly journals Trade Openness and Economic Growth in Canada: An Evidence from Time-Series Tests

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarlok Singh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
Consistent Support

This study examines the effects of international trade and investment on output and tests the null hypothesis of Granger non-causality among trade, investment and economic growth in Canada. The long-run model is estimated using several single-equation and system estimators to assess the robustness of results across methodologies. The single-equation, OLSEG, GMM, DOLS, NLLS and FMOLS, estimates of the model provide consistent support for the positive and significant long-run effects of exports and investment on output. The ML system estimates cross-validate the cointegrating relationship and reinforce the positive effects of exports and investment and the negative effects of imports on output. The over-parameterized level-VAR estimates suggest unidirectional Granger-causality from exports, imports and investment each to output. The estimates of the model with structural breaks support the long-run relationship, though the evidence is not unambiguous ubiquitously across all the tests. The evidence supporting the positive and significant long-run effects overwhelms the evidence providing weak or no support for the effects of trade on output. The results underline the need for the acceleration of exports (and investment) to offset the demand-reducing effects of imports and escalate the altitudes of output and economic growth.

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