Rheological Characteristics of Sand Stabilized with Colloidal Silica for Barrier Material and Liquefaction Mitigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Jiji Krishnan ◽  
Shruti Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Barrier Material ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation ◽  
Sand Stabilized

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art of Colloidal Silica-Based Soil Liquefaction Mitigation: An Emerging Technique for Ground Improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhi Zhao ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Chong Zhang ◽  
Wenbo Guo ◽  
Qiang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation

In the booming field of nanotechnology, colloidal silica (CS) has been introduced for ground improvement and liquefaction mitigation. It possesses a great ability to restrain pore pressure generation during seismic events by using an innovative stabilization technique, with the advantages of being a cost-effective, low disturbance, and environmentally friendly method. This paper firstly introduces molecular structures and some physical properties of CS, which are of great importance in the practical application of CS. Then, evidence that can justify the feasibility of CS transport in loose sand layers is demonstrated, summarizing the crucial factors that determine the rate of CS delivery. Thereafter, four chemical and physical methods that can examine the grouting quality are summed and appraised. Silica content and chloride ion concentration are two effective indicators recommended in this paper to judge CS converge. Finally, the evidence from the elemental tests, model tests, and field tests is reviewed in order to demonstrate CS’s ability to inhibit pore water pressure and lower liquefaction risk. Based on the conclusions drawn in previous literature, this paper refines the concept of CS concentration and curing time being the two dominant factors that determine the strengthening effect. The objective of this work is to review CS treatment methodologies and emphasize the critical factors that influence both CS delivery and the ground improving effect. Besides, it also aims to provide references for optimizing the approaches of CS transport and promoting its responsible use in mitigating liquefaction.

Centrifuge Modeling for Liquefaction Mitigation Using Colloidal Silica Stabilizer

2012 ◽  
Vol 138 (11) ◽  
pp. 1334-1345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn T. Conlee ◽  
Patricia M. Gallagher ◽  
Ross W. Boulanger ◽  
Ronnie Kamai
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Centrifuge Modeling ◽  
Liquefaction Mitigation

scholarly journals The Mechanical Response of a Silty Sand Stabilized with Colloidal Silica

Geotechnics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-259
Author(s):  
Antigoni Vranna ◽  
Theodora Tika
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Undrained Shear Strength ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Cyclic Straining ◽  
Sand Stabilized ◽  
Undrained Shear

This paper presents a laboratory investigation into the mechanical response of a silty sand, with a fines content of 10%, stabilized with colloidal silica (CS). To this end, a series of unconfined compression tests as well as monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests was performed on a silty sand, comprising a mixture of a clean sand and a silty sand, stabilized with two concentrations of CS. The effect of various parameters on the behaviour of the stabilized silty sand was studied, such as CS concentration, soil density, and the presence of fines. The test results were compared with the corresponding of the untreated silty sand as well as the parent clean sand. It is shown that stabilization, even at the lowest CS = 6% concentration studied, significantly improves the undrained shear strength as well as the liquefaction resistance of the stabilized silty sand. Both the monotonic and cyclic response of the stabilized soil are only slightly affected by density. Furthermore, cyclic straining up to at least 5% of double-amplitude axial strain does not influence the undrained shear strength of the stabilized silty sand.

UV Curable Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Way Jang ◽  
Ren-Jye Wu ◽  
Yuung-Ching Sheen ◽  
Ya-Hui Lin ◽  
Chi-Jung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation Temperature

This work successfully prepared an UV curable organic-inorganic hybrid material consisting of organic modified colloidal silica. Applications of UV curable organic-inorganic hybrid materials include abrasion resistant coatings, photo-patternable thin films and waveguides. Colloidal silica containing reactive functional groups were also prepared by reacting organic silane and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) using sol-gel process. In addition, the efficiency of grafting organic moiety onto silica nanoparticles was investigated by applying TGA and FTIR techniques. Experimental results indicated a strong interdependence between surface modification efficiency and solution pH. Acrylate-SiO2 hybrid formation could result in a shifting of thermal degradation temperature of organic component from about 200°C to near 400°C. In addition, the stability of organic modified colloidal silica in UV curable formula and the physical properties of resulting coatings were discussed. Furthermore, the morphology of organic modified colloidal silica was investigated by performing TEM and SEM studies‥

The Influence of Barrier and Applied Voltage Parameters on the Impulse Surface Discharge Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Vadim V. VOEVODIN ◽  
◽  
Marina V. SOKOLOVA ◽  
Viktor R. SOLOV’YEV ◽  
Nikolay Yu. LYSOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Voltage Pulse ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
Surface Discharge ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Barrier Material ◽  
Dielectric Barrier ◽  
Discharge Ignition ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

The results from an experimental study of impulse surface discharge occurring in an electrode system containing a dielectric plate are presented. On one of its sides, the plate had a corona-producing electrode made of 50 mm thick copper foil grounded through a current shunt for measuring the discharge current. On its other side, the plate had a high-voltage electrode, to which the voltage from a pulse generator was applied. The article presents the results from measurements of the initial voltage and the sizes of the surface discharge area in air when applying single voltage pulses with different pulse front steepness in the range 0,1–3,4 kV/ms and amplitude in the range 7–15 kV. The measurements were carried out for different dielectric barrier materials with the e values from 2 to 35. The dielectric barrier thickness was 0,9–1,8 mm. The study results have shown that the initial surface discharge ignition voltage depends essentially on the voltage pulse parameters, whereas the barrier characteristics have a weaker effect on this voltage. It has been determined that the discharge has different discharge zone length and different structure depending on the dielectric barrier properties and applied voltage parameters. The streamer zone sizes decrease with increasing the barrier material e value at the same voltage pulse steepness and increase with increasing the steepness for each barrier material. The data obtained for a wide range of external conditions can be used in numerical modeling of discharge.

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