Cyperus Rotundus L. Extracts as Botanical Fungicides to Control Soybean Rust Disease

ICoSI 2014 ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Eriyanto Yusnawan ◽  
Alfi Inayati
Keyword(s):  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Rust Disease

scholarly journals Characterization of three soybean landraces resistant to Asian soybean rust disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Nobuhiro Aoyagi ◽  
Yukie Muraki ◽  
Naoki Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Chromosome 6 ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Asian Soybean Rust ◽  
The World ◽  
Trait Locus

Abstract Phakopsora pachyrhizi is an obligatory biotrophic fungus that causes Asian soybean rust (ASR) disease. ASR control primarily involves chemical control and the use of resistant soybean cultivars carrying an Rpp (resistance to P. pachyrhizi) gene. This study aimed to characterize the ASR resistance of three soybean Asian landraces. By screening the world core collection (WC) of soybean, which consists of 80 varieties, three landraces were identified in Southeast Asia as resistant to ASR. Genetic mapping using the F2 population derived from a cross with an ASR-susceptible variety, BRS 184, indicated that KS 1034 (WC2) has ASR resistance conferred by a single dominant resistance gene, mapped on chromosome 18, in the same region where Rpp1 was mapped previously. The BRS 184 × WC61 (COL/THAI/1986/THAI-80) F2 population, on the other hand, showed an ASR resistance locus mapped by quantitative trait locus analysis on chromosome 6, in the region where the resistance conferred by PI 416764 Rpp3 resides, with a logarithm of the odds score peak at the same position as the marker, Satt079, while the BRS 184 × WC51 (HM 39) population showed the resistance to ASR allocated between Satt079 and Sat_263 markers, also in the region where Rpp3 was mapped previously. Both WC51 and WC61 have the same infection profile as FT-2 and PI 462312 when tested against the same ASR isolate panel. These three WCs can be used in MAS programs for introgression of Rpp1 and Rpp3 and the development of ASR-resistant cultivars in the breeding program.

scholarly journals Gene Expression in Leaves of Susceptible Glycine max during Infection with Phakopsora pachyrhizi Using Next Generation Sequencing

Sequencing ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianne Tremblay ◽  
Parsa Hosseini ◽  
Nadim W. Alkharouf ◽  
Shuxian Li ◽  
Benjamin F. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Exotic Pathogen ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Host Genes

Soybean rust is caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, an exotic pathogen causing important yield losses in soybean production. We used an mRNA-Seq strategy to analyze the expression pattern of soybean genes and better understand molecular events occurring in soybean following the infection. cDNA libraries were constructed from RNA isolated from whole infected soybean leaves 10 days after inoculation with P. pachyrhizi and sequenced using an Illumina platform to identify soybean genes that are affected by pathogen growth. We obtained 15 million sequences corresponding to soybean genes. Forty-two percent of the genes were downregulated including genes encoding proteins involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and transport facilitation; 31% were upregulated including genes encoding proteins involved in lipid metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and signal transduction. Candidate host genes identified in this study will be manipulated to assay their potential to control soybean rust disease.

scholarly journals Identification of the soybean HyPRP family and specific gene response to Asian soybean rust disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro Bücker Neto ◽  
Rafael Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Beatriz Wiebke-Strohm ◽  
Marta Bencke ◽  
Ricardo Luís Mayer Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Asian Soybean Rust ◽  
Gene Response

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature on Urediniospore Germination, Germ Tube Growth, and Initiation of Infection in Soybean by Phakopsora Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 997-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Bonde ◽  
D. K. Berner ◽  
S. E. Nester ◽  
R. D. Frederick
Keyword(s):  
Germ Tube ◽  
Beta Function ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Germ Tube Growth

Temperature is a critical factor in plant disease development. As part of a research program to determine how specific environmental variables affect soybean rust, we determined temperature effects on urediniospore germination and germ tube growth of four isolates of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, one each from Brazil, Hawaii, Taiwan, and Zimbabwe, and an isolate of P. meibomiae from Puerto Rico, collected over a 25-year period. Also compared were the effects of temperature during a night dew period on initiation of disease by the P. pachyrhizi isolates. All variables were fit to a nonlinear beta function with temperature as the independent variable. Minimum, maximum, and optimum temperatures, along with shape parameters of the beta function for each variable, were statistically analyzed. All Phakopsora isolates behaved similarly as to how temperature affected urediniospore germination, germ tube growth, and initiation of disease. The results suggest that P. pachyrhizi has changed little in the past few decades with respect to how it responds to temperature and that previously collected research data continues to be valid, simplifying the development of soybean rust disease models.

scholarly journals Physics-informed deep learning characterizes morphodynamics of Asian soybean rust disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Cavanagh ◽  
Andreas Mosbach ◽  
Gabriel Scalliet ◽  
Rob Lind ◽  
Robert G. Endres
Keyword(s):  
Tip Growth ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Biophysical Modeling ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Asian Soybean Rust ◽  
2D Space ◽  
Shape Changes

AbstractMedicines and agricultural biocides are often discovered using large phenotypic screens across hundreds of compounds, where visible effects of whole organisms are compared to gauge efficacy and possible modes of action. However, such analysis is often limited to human-defined and static features. Here, we introduce a novel framework that can characterize shape changes (morphodynamics) for cell-drug interactions directly from images, and use it to interpret perturbed development of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the Asian soybean rust crop pathogen. We describe population development over a 2D space of shapes (morphospace) using two models with condition-dependent parameters: a top-down Fokker-Planck model of diffusive development over Waddington-type landscapes, and a bottom-up model of tip growth. We discover a variety of landscapes, describing phenotype transitions during growth, and identify possible perturbations in the tip growth machinery that cause this variation. This demonstrates a widely-applicable integration of unsupervised learning and biophysical modeling.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of a new soybean promoter induced by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of Asian soybean rust

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Cabre ◽  
Stephane Peyrard ◽  
Catherine Sirven ◽  
Laurine Gilles ◽  
Bernard Pelissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Green Fluorescence Protein ◽  
Inducible Promoter ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Asian Soybean Rust ◽  
Soybean Plants

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhakopsora pachyrhizi is a biotrophic fungal pathogen responsible for the Asian soybean rust disease causing important yield losses in tropical and subtropical soybean-producing countries. P. pachyrhizi triggers important transcriptional changes in soybean plants during infection, with several hundreds of genes being either up- or downregulated.ResultsBased on published transcriptomic data, we identified a predicted chitinase gene, referred to as GmCHIT1, that was upregulated in the first hours of infection. We first confirmed this early induction and showed that this gene was expressed as early as 8 hours after P. pachyrhizi inoculation. To investigate the promoter of GmCHIT1, transgenic soybean plants expressing the green fluorescence protein (GFP) under the control of the GmCHIT1 promoter were generated. Following inoculation of these transgenic plants with P. pachyrhizi, GFP fluorescence was detected in a limited area located around appressoria, the fungal penetration structures. Fluorescence was also observed after mechanical wounding whereas no variation in fluorescence of pGmCHIT1:GFP transgenic plants was detected after a treatment with an ethylene precursor or a methyl jasmonate analogue.ConclusionWe identified a soybean chitinase promoter exhibiting an early induction by P. pachyrhizi located in the first infected soybean leaf cells. Our results on the induction of GmCHIT1 promoter by P. pachyrhizi contribute to the identification of a new pathogen inducible promoter in soybean and beyond to the development of a strategy for the Asian soybean rust disease control using biotechnological approaches.

scholarly journals EFIKASI CAMPURAN MINYAK CENGKEH DAN EKSTRAK BIJI MIMBA UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT KARAT (PHAKOPSORA PACHYRHIZI) PADA KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Sumartini .
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Green House ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Almost All

Efficacy of clove oil and neem extract control rust (Phakopsora rapachyrhizi) disease on soybean (Glycine max). Rust is the major disease on soybean. It was widely spread in almost all soybean production areas in the world. Yield losses can reach 85%. One of the control measured was sprayed with a mixture of clove oil and neem extract. The objective of the research was found the information of the clove oil and neem extract effectivity control soybean rust. The research consisted of two phases as followed: 1) the efficacy of clove oil and neem extract dilution control soybean rust disease. 2) the efficacy of clove oil, neem extract and soap berry (Sapindus rarak) extract control soybean rust disease. The research was conducted at Kendalpayak Experimental Station and the green house of Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang District, in dry season of 2012 and 2013 respectively. The research was arranged in randomized block design. Treatments were various comparison between clove oil, neem extract and soap berry. Parameters observed were rust disease intensity and yield components. Results showed that a mixture of clove oil and neem extract with ratio of 60:40 (v:v) can inhibit rust disease intensity by 45% compared with control, increase the number of pods by 60% and preventing the yieldloss of 20%. Furthermore, a mixture of clove oil, neem extract and berry soap (Sapindus rarak) with a 50:30:20 ratio (v:v:v) can inhibit rust disease intensity up to 28% and 24% in the field and green house respectively and prevent yield loss by 12%.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of a new soybean promoter induced by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of Asian soybean rust

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cabre ◽  
S. Peyrard ◽  
C. Sirven ◽  
L. Gilles ◽  
B. Pelissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Green Fluorescence Protein ◽  
Inducible Promoter ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Asian Soybean Rust ◽  
Soybean Plants

Abstract Background Phakopsora pachyrhizi is a biotrophic fungal pathogen responsible for the Asian soybean rust disease causing important yield losses in tropical and subtropical soybean-producing countries. P. pachyrhizi triggers important transcriptional changes in soybean plants during infection, with several hundreds of genes being either up- or downregulated. Results Based on published transcriptomic data, we identified a predicted chitinase gene, referred to as GmCHIT1, that was upregulated in the first hours of infection. We first confirmed this early induction and showed that this gene was expressed as early as 8 h after P. pachyrhizi inoculation. To investigate the promoter of GmCHIT1, transgenic soybean plants expressing the green fluorescence protein (GFP) under the control of the GmCHIT1 promoter were generated. Following inoculation of these transgenic plants with P. pachyrhizi, GFP fluorescence was detected in a limited area located around appressoria, the fungal penetration structures. Fluorescence was also observed after mechanical wounding whereas no variation in fluorescence of pGmCHIT1:GFP transgenic plants was detected after a treatment with an ethylene precursor or a methyl jasmonate analogue. Conclusion We identified a soybean chitinase promoter exhibiting an early induction by P. pachyrhizi located in the first infected soybean leaf cells. Our results on the induction of GmCHIT1 promoter by P. pachyrhizi contribute to the identification of a new pathogen inducible promoter in soybean and beyond to the development of a strategy for the Asian soybean rust disease control using biotechnological approaches.

scholarly journals First Report of Soybean Rust Caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi on Erythrina herbacea (Coral Bean)

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1472-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Gevens ◽  
N. Nequi ◽  
A. Vitoreli ◽  
J. J. Marois ◽  
D. L. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Report ◽  
Scarlet Runner Bean

Soybean rust (SBR), caused by the obligate fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd., was initially reported on soybean (Glycine max L.) in Louisiana in 2004 and has since been reported on soybean and/or kudzu (Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi) in 9 states in 2005, 15 states in 2006, and 19 states in 2007 (1). The host range of P. pachyrhizi includes plants that are all in the Fabaceae or legume family. Six plant species in the United States have been reported as hosts of P. pachyrhizi: soybean, kudzu, Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum (Sw) DC.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), lima bean (P. lunatus L.), and scarlet runner bean (P. coccineus L.) (4). On 17 April 2008, a rust disease was observed on a weedy legume host with red showy flowers that was growing with kudzu in an overgrown vacant lot in the understory of live oak trees (Quercus virginiana Mill.) in Citra, FL. The discovery was made during routine scouting of this Integrated Pest Management Pest Information Platform for Extension and Education (IPM PIPE) mobile sentinel plot (3). The plant was confirmed by University of Florida botanists to be Erythrina herbaceae L., commonly known as coral bean. Coral bean is native to the southeastern United States and also is planted as a perennial ornamental. A sample of leaves exhibiting rust pustules characteristic of P. pachyrhizi uredinia was collected and examined with a microscope. Brown-to-brick red, angular lesions that were 3 to 11 mm in diameter (average 6.75 mm) were observed on the undersides of the leaves of two trifoliates. Within these lesions, there were several uredinia, some exuding hyaline, echinulate urediniospores (20 × 25 μm). The visual diagnosis and the species of the rust fungus were confirmed to be P. pachyrizi by a real-time PCR protocol (2). The diagnosis on this new host was verified by a USDA, APHIS National Mycologist in Beltsville, MD. Coral bean may serve as an additional overwintering host for P. pachyrhizi in the southeast. To our knowledge, this is the first report of soybean rust caused by P. pachyrhizi on E. herbaceae. References: (1) R. S. C. Christiano and H. Scherm, Phytopathology 97:1428, 2007. (2) R. D. Frederick et al. Phytopathology 92:217, 2002. (3) S. A. Isard et al. Online publication. doi:10.1094/PHP-2006-0915-01-RV. Plant Health Progress, 2006. (4) T. L. Slaminko et al. Plant Dis. 92:767, 2008.

scholarly journals Research Note: Histopathology of Puccinia philippinensis Syd. & P. Syd, A Fungus that Causes Leaf Rust

2016 ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Dindo King Donayre ◽  
Lucille Minguez
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Rapid Production ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Cyperus rotundus L., popularly known as purple nuts edge, mutha or barsanga, is a weed problem in most crop productions due to its prolific underground parts that permit rapid production of multiple young sprouts in the soil. Yield losses in many crops due to competition by C.rotundus range from 35 to 90%. Puccinia philippinensis, on the other hand, is a potential biological control against C. rotundus. Its anatomy of infection inside tissues of the weed, however, is still very much unexplored. This study was conducted to determine the histopathology of leaf rust disease caused by P. philippinensis inside leaf tissues of C. rotundus. Methods such as staining, embedding, and mounting of leaves with structures of the rust fungus were conducted using the standard staining equipment, glasswares, and chemicals. Microscopic examination revealed that the histopathology of rust disease in leaves of C. rotundus started with swelling due to the development of P. philippinensis’s uredinium in the lower epidermis. The event was followed by the development of numerous urediniospores that came from the uredinia. Lower epidermis of C. rotundus was ruptured due to pressing and pushing out of the urediniospores. Urediniospores of P. philippinensis were sub-globose to globose in shape measuring 13 x 16 μ spores-1.

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