Decentralized Governance for Smart Contract Platform Enabling Mobile Lite Wallets Using a Proof-of-Stake Consensus Algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-93
Author(s):  
Vipin Deval ◽  
Alex Norta ◽  
Patrick Dai ◽  
Neil Mahi ◽  
Jordan Earls
Keyword(s):  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Decentralized Governance

scholarly journals Secured Insurance Framework Using Blockchain and Smart Contract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abid Hassan ◽  
Md. Iftekhar Ali ◽  
Rifat Ahammed ◽  
Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan ◽  
Nawal Alsufyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Insurance Policy ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Insurance Contracts ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Transaction Process ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Contract Implementation

Traditional insurance policy settlement is a manual process that is never hassle-free. There are many issues, such as hidden conditions from the insurer or fraud claims by the insured, making the settlement process rough. This process also consumes a significant amount of time that makes the process very inefficient. This whole scenario can be disrupted by the implementation of blockchain and smart contracts in insurance. Blockchain and innovative contract technology can provide immutable data storage, security, transparency, authenticity, and security while any transaction process is triggered. With the implementation of blockchain, the whole insurance process, from authentication to claim settlement, can be done with more transparency and security. A blockchain is a virtual chain of data blocks that is a decentralized technology. Any transaction or change in the blocks is done after the decentralized validator entity, not a single person. The smart contract is a unique facility stored on the blockchain that gets executed when the predetermined conditions are met. This paper presents a framework where smart contracts are used for insurance contracts and stored on blockchain. In the case of a claim, if all the predetermined conditions are met, the transaction happens; otherwise, it is discarded. The conditions are immutable. That means there is scope for alteration from either side. This blockchain and intelligent contract-based framework are hosted on a private Ethereum network. The Solidity programming language is used to create smart contracts. The framework uses the Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus algorithm to validate the transactions. In the case of any faulty transaction request, the consensus algorithm acts according to and cancels the claim. With blockchain and smart contract implementation, this framework can solve all the trust and security issues that rely on a standard insurance policy.

scholarly journals E-Voting: Blockchain Based Voting For Secure Vote Casting

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4797-4801
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Electronic Voting ◽  
Sybil Attack ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Electronic Voting System ◽  
Algorithm Proof

A blockchain is decentralized immutable ledger technology maintaining integrity. So to conduct tamperproof election it’s one of the approach towards it. Smart contracts are Self executed code that is written on Ethereum platform in blockchain. An E-voting system should be completely secure and does not allow voting twice that is double spending in blockchain. So it should be completely transparent. In research work electronic voting application is implemented and tested using smart contract on Ethereum platform with the help of metamask wallet. The results of ballots and votes will be stored on Ethereum blockchain with the help of consensus algorithm proof of stake. This consensus is used in validating a transaction with concept of majority approval. Current electronic voting system requires a centralized authority to control the procedure from ballot input to result output and for monitoring of election. While blockchain technology provide decentralized system which is open across connected nodes. Blockchain assets provide increased level of system security from hacking and fraud. Every transaction in blockchain is time-stamped and signed digitally with the help of cryptographic algorithms, and it assigns unique hash value to every block so it can be trace easily. Blockchain technology is one of solutions because it embraces a decentralized system and the entire databases are owned by many users. The blockchain technology also has much vulnerability due to which many attacks like 51% attack, Double Spending attack, DDOS attack, Sybil attack, Eclipse attack and Routing attack can be performed on it.

scholarly journals Cryptospatial Coordinate using the RPCA Based on a Point in Polygon Test for Cultural Heritage Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-217
Author(s):  
Achmad Teguh Wibowo ◽  
MY Teguh Sulistyono ◽  
Mochamad Hariadi
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Byzantine Fault Tolerance ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Byzantine Fault ◽  
Cultural Heritage Tourism

This research was aimed to enhance the cryptospatial with geospatial blockchain based on a point in polygon test. Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm (RPCA) was used for developing a blockchain. The steps taken include: (1) Data from the surveyors were entered using application connected to the transaction set; (2) The transaction set sent data to the transaction proposal; (3) The transaction proposal will distribute to every connected validating of nodes for executing the smart contract with the point in a polygon test method; (4) If the process succeeded with the maximum fault tolerance of 20%, then the node records a new chain to the ledger. This method is faster than Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) blockchain for approximately 26% to add a new chain in the ledger and for 52% to decrypt the blockchain with a mobile device. The result of this process is a cryptospatial coordinate for the cultural heritage tourism.

scholarly journals Comparative Review of the Blockchain Consensus Algorithm Between Proof of Stake (POS) and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPOS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Munir Skh Saad ◽  
Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd Radzi
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Block Sizes ◽  
Better Than

Blockchain is a public ledger technology to which everyone has access without a central authority having control. This technology typically gets to use registration and smart contract. To make sure there are security and authenticity in the transaction information in blockchain, many researchers are study on consensus algorithm. There is a lot of consensus algorithm are using in blockchain. Determining leading research area and finding the best key of consensus algorithm is the motivation of this study. Thus, this study will investigate how consensus algorithm areas of research can be determined by study on the Proof of Stake (PoS) and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPos). Besides that, this research study about the key parameters that being using in these two algorithms. In addition, after getting the parameters we measure the comparison in terms of their transaction per second, nodes, and block sizes. Furthermore, we conclude the efficiency of these two algorithms in terms of their scalability. Although DPoS performance is expected to be much better than PoS, the impact of parameters can be assessed and analyzed to see and prove results. We hope after this study, can solved the performance and security affected by the application of consensus algorithm used in the blockchain.

scholarly journals Modeling And Simulation for Digital Document Verification Scheme Using Blockchain in P2P Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Miss. Jayashri Rajendra Mahale ◽  
Prof. E. M. Chirchi
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Identification Number ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Digital Document ◽  
Secure Authentication ◽  
Consistent Information ◽  
Transactional Data

Blockchain is very emerging trend in recent years; it is basically decentralized approach which provides transparency to transactional data. Various researchers already introduces blockchain and its state of art, it is too much effective in a large data processing as well as global transactional systems. In this paper we introduce blockchain base E-certificate generation using cloud environment. Basically in real time environment it is hard to carry educational or other important documentaries. Some confidential information should be leak from various centralized systems when any resource has compromised with attackers. In this system we provide drastic supervision base blockchain technique to generate e certificate according to submitted documentary by respective student as well as user. The system illustrates into four different sections. First we defines user can upload his documentary or educational certificates, similarly the middleware authority known as Third Party Auditor (TPA) will verify such documents from authenticated organization. If the entire documents have authorized then it dynamically generate e-certificate with QR code and unique serial identification number. Once this process has done whole information has stored into various data nodes and it returns QR code as well as UID to student. Moreover when any organization wants to verification documentary of respect to student he can submit the QR code or are given Unique Identification number to respective organization. When such organizations will verify the student’s data the blockchain will provide consistent information after the secure authentication. In entire execution we have written open Smart contract, had generation approach using SHA family algorithm, mining algorithm to generator valid hash, in consensus algorithm to evaluate the proof of work.

The Potential Of Blockchain Technology To Change International Mobile Roaming Business Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Ardian Thresnantia Atmaja
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Clearing House ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Target Architecture ◽  
Architecture Development

The key objectives of this paper is to propose a design implementation of blockchain based on smart contract which have potential to change international mobile roaming business model by eliminating third-party data clearing house (DCH). The analysis method used comparative analysis between current situation and target architecture of international mobile roaming business that commonly used by TOGAF Architecture Development Method. The purposed design of implementation has validated the business value by using Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) calculation. This paper applies the TOGAF approach in order to address architecture gap to evaluate by the enhancement capability that required from these three fundamental aspect which are Business, Technology and Information. With the blockchain smart contract solution able to eliminate the intermediaries Data Clearing House system, which impacted to the business model of international mobile roaming with no more intermediaries fee for call data record (CDR) processing and open up for online billing and settlement among parties. In conclusion the business value of blockchain implementation in the international mobile roaming has been measured using TCO comparison between current situation and target architecture that impacted cost reduction of operational platform is 19%. With this information and understanding the blockchain technology has significant benefit in the international mobile roaming business.

ANALISIS SUB SEKTOR UNGGULAN YANG BERDAYA SAING PADA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT

TABULARASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rif’an Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Welfare Society ◽  
Decentralized Governance

System changes from centralized to decentralized governance has provided an opportunity for local governments to regulate and manage Natural Resources (NR) and Human Resources (HR) in the region to create a welfare society can be characterized by the growth of regional economic growth. The research was conducted to determine the contribution and sub-sectors growth in the agricultural sector and a base and competitive sub-sectors so that it can be seen the leading subsectors of agriculture. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis will illustrate how the rate of growth and the contribution of sub-sectors in the agricultural sector. Location Quetiont (LQ) Analysis was used to determine the base and non-base sub-sector. While the analysis of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) is used to see the sub-sector competitiveness. The combination of LQ and RCA analysis can then be used to determine the leading sub-sector. From the analysis it is known that sub-sector of the agricultural sector is a base sub-sector which has the potential to become the leading sub-sector. Meanwhile, from the RCA analysis is known that the base of the agricultural sector has a highly competitive sub-sectors are food crops, tree crops, livestock and forestry.

ANALISIS SUB SEKTOR UNGGULAN YANG BERDAYA SAING PADA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT

TABULARASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rif’an Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Welfare Society ◽  
Decentralized Governance

System changes from centralized to decentralized governance has provided an opportunity for local governments to regulate and manage Natural Resources (NR) and Human Resources (HR) in the region to create a welfare society can be characterized by the growth of regional economic growth. The research was conducted to determine the contribution and sub-sectors growth in the agricultural sector and a base and competitive sub-sectors so that it can be seen the leading subsectors of agriculture. The analysis method used is descriptive analysis will illustrate how the rate of growth and the contribution of sub-sectors in the agricultural sector. Location Quetiont (LQ) Analysis was used to determine the base and non-base sub-sector. While the analysis of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) is used to see the sub-sector competitiveness. The combination of LQ and RCA analysis can then be used to determine the leading sub-sector. From the analysis it is known that sub-sector of the agricultural sector is a base sub-sector which has the potential to become the leading sub-sector. Meanwhile, from the RCA analysis is known that the base of the agricultural sector has a highly competitive sub-sectors are food crops, tree crops, livestock and forestry.

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