Study of HLA class I, class II and complement genes (C2, C4A, C4B and BF) in Japanese psoriatics and analysis of a newly-found high-risk haplotype by pulsed field gel electrophoresis

1991 ◽  
Vol 283 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nakagawa ◽  
S. Akazaki ◽  
A. Asahina ◽  
K. Tokunaga ◽  
K. Matsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Hla Class I ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Class I ◽  
Risk Haplotype ◽  
Pulsed Field

Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Bulk Tank Milk and Milk Filters in the United States†

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. VAN KESSEL ◽  
J. SONNIER ◽  
S. ZHAO ◽  
J. S. KARNS
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Class I ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Class I Integrons ◽  
Bulk Tank

Salmonella isolates were recovered from bulk tank milk as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Dairy 2002 and 2007 surveys. In-line milk filters were also tested in the 2007 survey. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella enterica isolates from bulk milk and milk filters in the NAHMS Dairy 2002 and 2007 surveys and to further characterize resistant isolates. Susceptibilities to 15 antibiotics were determined for 176 Salmonella isolates of 26 serotypes using an automated antimicrobial susceptibility system. Resistant isolates were screened by PCR for the presence of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (blaCMY) gene and class I integrons and further characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Thirty isolates (17.0%) representing six S. enterica serotypes exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent (serotypes Newport [14 of 14 isolates exhibited resistance], Dublin [7 of 7], Typhimurium [3 of 5], Kentucky [4 of 22], Anatum [1 of 13], and Infantis [1 of 2]). Twenty isolates (11.4%), including all 14 Newport, 3 Dublin, 2 Typhimurium, and 1 Infantis isolate, displayed the typical multidrug-resistant, blaCMY-positive (MDR-AmpC) phenotype which included resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline, plus resistance to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. Five of the MDR-AmpC isolates carried class I integrons (2.8%). Two-enzyme (XbaI and BlnI) pulsed-field gel electrophoresis discerned clades within serotypes and, together with the resistance profiles, identified strains that appeared to have persisted temporally and geographically. These results suggest that there is a low but appreciable risk of infection with MDR Salmonella from consumption of nonpasteurized milk and dairy products.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Multiple Vancomycin-ResistantEnterococcus Isolates Obtained Serially from Two Long-Term-Care Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 2105-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianna J. Schoonmaker ◽  
Lawrence H. Bopp ◽  
Aldona L. Baltch ◽  
Raymond P. Smith ◽  
Mary Ellen Rafferty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Fifty-eight vancomycin-resistant enterococcal isolates were obtained from two patients over 9 weeks. Numerous pulsed-field gel electrophoresis fingerprinting types were isolated from each patient. By PCR, all isolates were vanA +. However, many isolates from patient B were found to lack vanA by hybridization. Our results demonstrate the importance of examining multiple isolates, especially from patients who are at high risk of infection.

scholarly journals Two Novel Class I Integron Arrays Containing IMP-18 Metallo-β-Lactamase Gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates from Puerto Rico

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 2119-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Martínez ◽  
G. J. Vazquez ◽  
E. E. Aquino ◽  
R. V. Goering ◽  
I. E. Robledo
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gene Array ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Class I ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Class I Integrons ◽  
Lactamase Gene

ABSTRACTDuring a β-lactam resistance surveillance study, 12 IMP-18-positivePseudomonas aeruginosaisolates belonging to 9 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis groups were identified. In nine isolates, a class I integron with a novel gene array was identified that containedblaIMP-18andblaOXA-224, while in two isolates the class I integron containedblaIMP-18andblaOXA-2but in a new arrangement. Our findings show the dissemination of two novel class I integrons inP. aeruginosafrom different regions of Puerto Rico.

scholarly journals Use of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis to Determine the Source of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-610
Author(s):  
Eugene Y. H. Yeung ◽  
Ivan Gorn
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pelvic Trauma ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Cases

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) has historically been considered the gold standard in fingerprinting bacterial strains in epidemiological studies and outbreak investigations; little is known regarding its use in individual clinical cases. The current study detailed two clinical cases in which PFGE helped to determine the source of their methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Patient A was found to have MRSA bacteremia after trauma in her pelvic area. MRSA was also found in her groin but not in her nostril and rectum. PFGE was performed that showed variable bands of her MRSA isolates from blood and groin, suggestive of different strains of MRSA. Her MRSA bacteremia was determined to be unrelated to her pelvic trauma. Patient B was found to have MRSA bacteremia after colonoscopy. MRSA was also found in his nostril and rectum. PFGE was performed that showed variable bands of his MRSA isolates from blood and rectum but identical bands of MRSA isolates from his blood and nostril. His MRSA bacteremia was determined to be unrelated to his colonoscopy procedure. The current study demonstrates the use of PFGE to rule out the source of bacteremia in individual clinical cases.

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